ENERGY

GENERATION
 INTRODUCTION

 Energy is the capacity of a physical system to work or produce change, a

fundamental physics concept influencing natural processes and phenomena.

 Energy generation refers to the process of producing usable energy from

various sources to meet the demands of society. This energy is vital for
powering homes, businesses, industries, transportation, and more.

 The agricultural sector plays a crucial role in ensuring global food security and
economic stability. However, it is also one of the largest consumers of energy
and heavily reliant on fossil fuels.

 Study the governmental policies and incentives related to renewable energy

adoption, addressing potential barriers and informing strategies for wider
implementation of sustainable energy systems in the plantation sector.
2.0 ENERGY DEMANDS IN PLANTATION AND AGRICULTURE
Irrigation
Irrigation in plantations, especially in water-scarce
regions, is a major energy consumer for water
pumps, irrigation systems, and distribution
networks. Utilization is influenced by crop type,
climate, and water delivery efficiency.
Post-harvest Processing
Post-harvest processing and preservation of crops
entail energy-intensive activities like drying, milling,
and storage, emphasizing the need for a reliable
energy supply to uphold the quality and market
value of agricultural produce.
Mechanization and Machinery
Plantation mechanization with tractors,
harvesters, and processing machinery using
conventional energy sources like diesel and
gasoline significantly drives agricultural
energy consumption.
Transportation
Transporting agricultural commodities incurs
significant energy expenditures, with fuel-
powered vehicles playing a vital role in
ensuring efficient transportation, contributing to
overall energy demands in the agricultural
supply chain.
3.0 Conventional Energy Sources and Renewable Energy Sources in Plantation and Agriculture

3.1 Conventional Energy Sources in Plantation and Agriculture:

Grid Electricity Grid Electricity

Traditional use of fossil fuels, like coal, oil, and natural
gas, in plantation and agriculture to power equipment and
machinery poses environmental challenges due to
greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, and concerns
about long-term energy security.
Plantations and agricultural operations connected to
the electric grid rely on a mix of energy sources,
including fossil fuels and renewable energy, which
affects the environmental impact of grid electricity.
3.0 Conventional Energy Sources and Renewable Energy Sources in Plantation and Agriculture

The Challenge of Conventional Energy Sources

Integration of
Energy Inefficiencies Seasonal Variability Financial Constraints
Renewable Energy
• Plantation activities • Plantation energy • Financial constraints • Renewable energy
can suffer from demands vary limit smaller-scale integration in
energy inefficiencies seasonally, peaking plantations from plantations
• Lead to excessive during critical investing in energy- mitigates
energy consumption agricultural efficient environmental
and elevated activities. technologies and impacts and
operational costs. • Managing renewable energy reduces
fluctuating energy systems. conventional energy
demands poses a dependenc
logistical challenge
for plantation
owners
3.0 Conventional Energy Sources and Renewable Energy Sources in Plantation and Agriculture

3.2 Renewable Energy Sources in Plantation and Agriculture

Solar PV systems in plantations offer sustainable Wind energy, with strategically placed turbines, is a
energy for irrigation and equipment, reducing viable renewable option for plantations, providing
reliance on conventional sources. clean electricity for farm operations in windy regions.

Solar Energy Wind Energy

3.0 Conventional Energy Sources and Renewable Energy Sources in Plantation and Agriculture

3.2 Renewable Energy Sources in Plantation and Agriculture

Biomass energy uses organic materials to produce
biogas or biofuels, powering on-farm machinery,
providing heat for post-harvest drying, and supplying
grid electricity, offering an eco-friendly solution for
agricultural waste management.
Plantations near water bodies can use small-scale
hydropower systems integrated into irrigation canals
or rivers to generate clean electricity, meeting energy
needs sustainably.

Biomass Energy Cycle Hydropower

3.0 Conventional Energy Sources and Renewable Energy Sources in Plantation and Agriculture

3.2 The Challenge of Renewable Energy Sources

Energy Storage and

Policy and Regulatory
Grid Integration:
Uncertainty:

Intermittency and
High Initial Investment Land Use and
Variability:
Costs Environmental Impact:
4.0 Malaysian Government Policies and Incentives Promoting Renewable Energy in the
Agricultural Sector

Green Investment Tax Allowance

The National Renewable
(GITA) and Green Income Tax
Energy Policy and Action
Exemption (GITE):
Plan

Malaysian Government
Feed-in Tariff (FiT) Policies and Incentives

Mechanism
Promoting Renewable Research and Development
Energy in the
(R&D) Grants
Agricultural Sector

Net Energy Metering

(NEM) Scheme Sustainable Agriculture Initiatives
 Conclusion
 Integrating renewable energy in plantations is crucial for a greener,
sustainable future.

 Emphasizes energy-efficient practices and renewable energy

solutions for agricultural sector's long-term viability, considering irrigation,
mechanization, and post-harvest processing demands.

 Study examines renewable energy options for plantations, providing

insights for stakeholders and policymakers.

 Malaysian government policies and incentives promote renewable

energy adoption in agriculture, addressing challenges like intermittency,
storage, and costs.
THANK YOU