Most used tools

in a workshop
 Hammer screwdriver wrench Pliers

Handsaw
drill
Tape measure chisel 
 jigsaw clamps 
hacksaw  sander 

duck tape
heavy-duty workshop scissors Nails mallet 
FREE TIME ACTIVITIES
 Free time activities

Go to the cinema
Watch TV

Go out with friends Surf the internet Play video games 

 Free time activities

Play a musical instrument  Listen to music Read

Write Go to the park Go shopping 

 Free time activities

Cook Study something Art and crafts

Gardening Exercise play a sport

 Indoor activities vs. outdoor activities
Indoor Activities

Indoor activities are those that are carried out within a closed environment, such as a home or a recreational
facility. These activities offer a safe, convenient, and comfortable alternative to outdoor activities, especially in
cases where the weather conditions are unfavorable.

Outdoor Activities

Outdoor activities are those that are carried out in the open air, often in natural environments such as parks, forests
or water bodies. These activities offer a range of physical, mental and social benefits, which makes them a popular
choice for individuals who enjoy spending time in nature.
 Indoor activities vs. outdoor activities

music
cinema Art

Reading
CINEMA
 cinema
is a short form for cinematograph(er)
It is the technique of projecting photograms in a fast and successive way to create the sense
of movement.
 cinema
For 30 years, cinema was made without the
use of sound, and it became one of the
biggest century.
 Types of cinema

Silent film Fulll-lenght or feature fim

a film with no accompanying, synchronized A feature film is a film that typically has a run time
recorded spoken dialogue. The technology for between 80 minutes and 180 minutes long.
silent films was invented around 1860, but
remained a novelty until around 1880 - 1900,
when films on a single reel became easily
produced.
 Types of cinema

Documentary Short film or one-reeler film

a film or video examining an Animation A film that can be as short as
event or person based on facts. only a few minutes and as long
a method of photographing as 40 minutes.
successive drawings, models,
or even puppets, to create an
illusion of movement in a
sequence. 
 TYPES OF FILM
Action: This type of movie generally involves a lot of action scenes including violence, like fighting or shoot-outs (with weapons),

car chases and often lots of explosions. Some subgenres considered action movies include: disaster films, martial arts films, spy

films and superhero films.

 TYPES OF FILM
Adventure: This is a journey that often takes place in exotic locations and can involve exploration or a quest.

While there is often action in this type of movie, it is not the main emphasis.
 TYPES OF FILM
Animated: Instead of real actors on the screen, drawn images (nowadays computer generated ones) are used to tell

the story. Real actors are used for the voices of the animated characters. 
 TYPES OF FILM
Comedy: The main idea of comedies is to make the audience laugh. The main characters are involved in funny
situations.
 TYPES OF FILM
Drama: These films are serious and focus on the emotions of realistic characters and the conflicts they have.
 TYPES OF FILM
Fantasy: Situations, places and/or events that don’t comply with natural laws or settings. They often involve some
form of magic or supernatural elements. There are sometimes magical creatures or beings too.
 TYPES OF FILM
Historical: These films can be based on real events in the past or sometimes just the time period is used as the
setting and all events are fictitious. In both cases, the narrative takes place inside an accurate depiction of a historical
setting. Sometimes these are biographical movies, also known as Biopics.
 TYPES OF FILM
Horror: The objective of a horror movie is to scare the viewer and if possible, make them scream (often done with a
jump scare). Horror movies often feature a monster, some type of evil entity or a terrible/frightening situation.
 TYPES OF FILM
Musical: These are movies where songs are sung by the characters as a part of the narrative and usually help
advance the plot or develop the film’s characters. Sometimes there are dance routines to accompany the songs.
 TYPES OF FILM
Romance: Romance films are love stories that focus on the romantic involvement of the main characters and the
development of their relationship.
A romantic movie that is also funny is called a Rom-Com (Romantic Comedy)
 TYPES OF FILM
Science fiction: Also known as Sci-Fi, these are fictional stories based on science. They can be about the future or
other worlds, and often include spaceships, extra-terrestrial beings (aliens), and advanced technology we don’t
currently have. 
 TYPES OF FILM
Thriller: A thriller film evokes excitement and suspense in the audience. A common theme in thrillers involves
innocent people dealing with a deranged adversary.
 TYPES OF FILM
Western: These are fictional events based in the American West (also known as the Wild West) during the 19th
century. They feature cowboys, horse riding and gunfights. Commonly these types of film are just called westerns.
 TYPES OF FILM
Note: Many movies can be a mixture of different types of genre. For example Pride and Prejudice is a (because of
its setting).

Genre: romantic film and historical Genre: horror and comedy Genre: romantic and comedy
Music
 Music
an art form that combines either vocal or instrumental sounds.

Research has shown that listening to music can reduce anxiety, blood pressure, and pain as well as improve
sleep quality, mood, mental alertness, and memory. 
 Musical genres

Rock music
Pop music Rap
 Music

Jazz Classical Metal

 Music

Country Reggae R&

B
 ART
A visual object or experience consciously created through an expression of skill or imagination.
 TYPES OF ART

Painting is the practice of Literature is any collection of

Sculpture is the branch of the written work, 
visual arts that operates in three applying paint, pigment, color
dimension or other medium to a solid
surface. 
 TYPES OF ART

Cinema Cinematography, the art Music a vocal or instrumental

Architecture is the art or practice of sounds (or both) combined in
of motion-picture photography ·
designing and constructing buildings. such a way as to produce beauty
Film or movie, a series of still
images that create the illusion of of form, harmony, and expression
moving image.  of emotion.
 TYPES OF ART

Photography  a vocal or
Theater is a collaborative form of 
instrumental sounds (or both)
performing art that uses live performers,
combined in such a way as to
usually actors or actresses, to present the
produce beauty of form,
experience of a real or imagined event
harmony, and expression of
before a live audience in a specific place,
emotion.
often a stage.
LITERATURE
( Any collection of written work)
 TYPES OF
LITERATURE

Non-fiction typically aims to

Fiction the type of book or story that is
Poetry also called verse, is a form of present topics objectively based
written about imaginary characters and
literature that uses aesthetic and often on historical, scientific, and
events and not based on real people and
rhythmic qualities of language  empirical information.
facts.
 TYPES OF
LITERATURE

Novel is a relatively long work of Short story is a piece of

Drama combines elements of prose and
narrative fiction, typically written prose fiction that can typically
poetry into plays that are usually intended
in prose and published as a be read in a single sitting.
to be performed on stage. 
book.
 Fable is a story that features animals, Folktales are stories in the oral tradition,
Historical fiction is a literary
plants or forces of nature which are or tales that people tell each other out loud
genre in which the plot takes
anthropomorphised (given human rather than stories in written form. 
place in a setting related to the
qualities). A fable always ends with a
past events, but is fictional.
'moral'. 
Grammar
”IF”+ FUTURE SIMPLE
It's used to talk about things which might happen in the future. Of course, we can't know what will happen in the
future, but this describes possible things, which could easily come true.
If clause (condition) Main clause (result) The speaker
If + simple present simple future does not know
whether Giles is
If this thing happens that thing will happen. coming back to
the office. It is
possible, but not
EXAMPLES definite

1. If Giles comes back to the office, can you tell him I’ve gone home.
“WHEN” + FUTURE SIMPLE
The speaker is
We use when to refer to the time of a future situation or condition that we are certain of. certain that
Giles is
coming back
to the office.

EXAMPLE

When Giles comes back to the office, can you tell him I’ve gone home.

Typical error
•We don’t use when to introduce possible or unreal situations:
Unfortunately, if you arrive too late, you are not allowed to take the
exam because they don’t accept late enrolment.
Not: … when you arrive too late …
Modal Verbs
Modal verbs are quite common in English; you’ve seen them in action hundreds of times even if you didn’t
know what they were called. The most frequently used ones are:

Can used to express ability or opportunity, to request or offer permission, and to show possibility or impossibility.

Examples: I can ride a horse.

May implies strong certainty about hypothetical events or to ask for permission.

Examples: I am not sure but she may come.

May I leave this book with you?
Modal Verbs
might used to express a lower probability and to ask for permission.

Examples: She might have called, but I’m not sure.

should most commonly used to make recommendations or give advice. It can also be used to express obligation
as well as expectation.

Examples:
When you go to Berlin, you should visit the palaces in Potsdam. recommendation
You should focus more on your family and less on work. advice
I really should be in the office by 7:00 AM. obligation
By now, they should already be in Dubai. expectation
Modal Verbs
would used to express an intention or plan after a verb in a past tense

Examples: : He said he would love her forever.

They promised that tomorrow they would help.

will a very common and simple way of describing what you anticipate or plan to happen.

Examples: She will be catching the later train, but I will travel afterwards.”

Must You use must to indicate that you think it is very important or necessary for something to happen.

Examples: I must do my homework.

We must wear our school uniform.