CHAPTET 9

The School Head in School-

Based Management (SBM)
 The Local Governance Code of
1991(RA 7160)

Provided for a more responsive local

government structure through a system of
decentralization where local governments
are given more power, authority,
responsibilities and resources.
The Meaning of School-Based
Management (SBM)

- Decentralized management
initiative by developing power or
authority to school heads, teachers,
parents, and students.
SBM and the Principle of Subsidiarity

SBM is in keeping with the

principle of subsidiarity which states
that it is the people at the lowest level
who will know best their problems
and so are in the best position to
address the same.
Advantages of SBM

The following are strengths of SBM:

• Allow competent individuals in the schools to
make decisions that will improve learning.
• Give the entire school community a voice in key
decisions;
• Focus accountability for decisions;
• Lead to greater creativity in the design of
programs;
• Redirect resources to support the goals
developed in each schools;
• Lead to realistic budgeting as parents
and teachers become more aware of the
schools financial status, spending
limitations, and the cost of its programs
;and
• Improve morale of teachers and nurture
new leadership at all levels.
Disadvantage of SBM

Participatory decision-
*

making needs time and may

slow down process
Legal Basis of SBM
The Philippine Constitution provides that
congress shall enact a local government code that
will institutionalize a system of
decentralization(Article 10,Sec.3) a whereby local
government units shall be extended more power,
authority. The Local Government Code in 1991 is
a fulfillment of this Constitutional provision.
Conditions for the Success of SBM
• Teachers, should heads must be given the
opportunity to make choices.
• The environment of parents and teachers must
be strongly encouraged and highly welcomed.
• Stakeholders must participate in the
development of a School Improvement Plan.
• Higher authorities must actively encourage
thoughtful experimentation and innovation in
a atmosphere where mistakes are viewed as
learning experiences .

• Teachers must develop reflection, problem

solving .
 Functions of a School Head
Roles
*Visionary principal, motivator, advocate and planner
*Builder of networks and support systems
*Curriculum developer
*Facial Resource Manager
 Functions
*Lead in setting the vision, mission and goals of the school
*Organize/expand school, community and local government
networks and groups that will actively participate in school
improvement

*Lead in developing the School Improvement Plan with the

participation of the staff and the community

Lead in developing and maintaining the School Management

Information
 Create a physical and psychological climate conducive to teaching ang learning
*

* Localize and implement school curriculum

*Encourage development and use of innovative

instructional methods focused on improving
learning outcomes
 *Encourage and accept donations , gifts
bequests and grants for educational
purposes and report all such donations to the
appropriate offices
 Knowledge /Skills/ Attitudes Required
*Change the future orientation
*Networking, organizing, social mobilization, advocacy
*Development of teamwork ,building consensus and skills in negotiation and conflict resolution

*Participatory planning and administrative management

*Generation and use of data and information as basis for
planning and management

*Designing of the curriculum to address both national

goals, local needs and aspirations

*Creation of an open learning system based on several

resource materials rather than on single textbooks
Factors of School Effectiveness Based on Research

-Effective practices need to be institutional for

them to become part of the school.

-In the Philippines , the devolving of more

responsibility to the schools was done through
the School-Based Management.
Philippine Accreditation System for Basic(PASBE)
(DepEd Order No. 64,s.2012)

Accreditation-is a process of self- evaluation and peer

review to ensure that quality standards agreed upon by
stakeholders .
 Factors that Contribute to School Effectiveness

1. Human Factors- includes dynamic school heads, highly

selected competent and committed teachers.
2. Non-human factors- refers to clear and shared vision –
mission(focus),high expectations, ambitious standards,
emphasis on accountability, align curriculum, instruction
and assessment with state.
 Level of Pratice
( SBM-PASBE Operational Framework)

Level 1 : Developing
Level 2: Maturing
Level 3: Advanced ( Accredited)
 Group 9
Emelyn Suminggit
Cherie Mae Aliga
Rhea Mopon
Samiene Malanday
THANKYOU
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LISTENING