Portuguese Imperialism

in Africa
Toby & Owen & Cindy
9U
Formative presentation
 Intro Cape Verde
 Portugal positioned as a competitive
power in Europe for the past few Guinea
centuries.
 In fact, it is the last old-style colonial
power that ever remained in Europe.
 The Portuguese was a prominent
participant of Scramble for Africa:
Angola, Mozambique, Guinea, Cape Angola
Verde and some other African
islands were all once a Portuguese
colony.  
Mozambique
  The presence of Portuguese in
Africa can be traced back to the
15th century.
 King John I desired commodities
such as fabric, spices, and golds. The
primary motivation that was driving
Motives Portugal was the huge economic
potential of the African regions.
 Scramble for Africa period – Europe
was undergoing an economic
depression. An abundance source of
raw materials and a new external
market were attractive.
 The potentially rich colonies were Angola and
Mozambique. They served a traditional
colonial purpose of providing raw materials to the
home country and bonus market. 
 Angola: coffee, sisal, maize, cotton, and sugar. 
 Mozambique: cotton, cashews, sugar, copra, sisal,
and tea.
 Other secondary economic benefits
included mining diamonds, iron, oils, and
transportation earnings (port and rail).
Slave trade was another economic interest. Portugal
was involved in African slave trade for more than 500
years:
In 17th century, Portugal extracted black slaves at a
rate of 10000 per year.
After expanding its access to Angolan slaves by
building a new port in Benguela, 50000 slaves were
sent to Americas.
An estimation of 5.8 million Africans were enslaved
by the Portuguese.
Why Portugal deserved to take
part in Africa?
 Portugal claimed that they deserved land since they had
efforts in the exploration and mapping the Africa
continent. 
 They deserved land since they were the first discoverers of
Africa.
 They claimed for the entire land of Southern Africa for
mining rights based on their 1607 Treaty of Monomotapa.
  Publicized the local African culture
 Enrich local culture with European culture. 
 Unify the differences within the country and turn Portuguese into
the official language.
Positive  Improvement on the local transportation system. Such as the
impacts construction of railroads.
 Improvements on the native mining industries. 
 Agriculture improvements on native and imported crops. Such as
cotton and corn that are cash crops, and cassava, millet, and rice
as subsistence crops. 
  After the independent of Angola, which means the exodus of the
Portuguese, directly and deeply contributed to the inactivity of
Angolan economy.
 As the main work of typical population is producing, managing
and collecting raw materials, Angolan got no profound industrial
Impact of labor know-how.
Portuguese  As the result of the forced non beneficial labors by the
Portuguese, Angola placed in a situation which lacking the ability
Imperial Rule to supply their populations with foods stably.
 Half of the urban population cannot satisfy their needs of live, eat
and cloth. Also, according to Angolan government figure, 25 per
cent of children in Angola dies before their age of 5.
  By Portugal refused to accept inclining requirements of
Fall of Angolans, followed by the independence of Belgian Congo,
massive armed opposition occurred in north-part of Angola,
Portuguese in 1961, which called: The war of independence of Angola.
 The war of independence continued 12years, in the long run
Angola of the war, Portugal recognized Angola's independent
empire in 1975, November 11th.
Bibliography

 “Angola - People | Britannica.” Encyclopædia Britannica, 2023, www.britannica.com/place/Angola/People. Accessed 8 Mar. 2023.

 ‌Cartwright, Mark. “Portuguese Angola.” World History Encyclopedia, 12 July 2021, www.worldhistory.org/Portuguese_Angola/. Accessed 8 Mar. 2023.

 W
‌ ashington Santos Nascimento, and Evandro Lisboa Freire. “Portuguese Colonialism and Angolan Resistance in the Memoirs of Adriano João Sebastião (1923 - 1960).” Revista Tempo
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 “Africa, Portugal | South African History Online.” Sahistory.org.za, 2019,

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 "Portugal Speech and Sources." SocialStudies.org. www.socialstudies.org/sites/default/files/portugal_speech_and_sources.pdf Accessed 19 Mar. 2023.

 (no date) U.S. Department of State. U.S. Department of State. Available at: https://history.state.gov/countries/angola (Accessed: March 11, 2023). 

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 Cartwright, M. (2023) Portuguese Angola, World History Encyclopedia. https://www.worldhistory.org#organization. Available at: https://www.worldhistory.org/Portuguese_Angola/
(Accessed: March 11, 2023). 

 History of Angola (no date) Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. Available at: https://www.britannica.com/place/Angola/History (Accessed: March 11, 2023). 

 War, legacy of colonial rule blamed : Poor, beleaguered Angola sets standard for decline (1987) Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times. Available at:
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 War, legacy of colonial rule blamed : Poor, beleaguered Angola sets standard for decline (1987) Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times. Available at:
https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-07-19-mn-5035-story.html (Accessed: March 11, 2023). 
Thank you