PHILOSOPHERS

What is a Philosopher?
PHILOSOPHERS
+People who engage in philosophy.

+They became pioneers in various fields of

knowledge; history, biology, medicine,
mathematics, astronomy, and even physics.
What are the characteristics
of a Philosopher?
CHARACTERISTICS of PHILOSOPHERS
+A philosopher’s essential characteristics are
open-mindedness, skepticism, and systemic
thinking, which is concerned with grasping a
system by studying the links and interactions
between the system’s component elements.
CHARACTERISTICS of PHILOSOPHERS
+Four characteristics of philosophical thinking
are wonder, contemplation, reason, and
intellectual independence.
+Wonder is when we stop taking things for
granted, marvel at them, and ask questions
about them.
+Philosophical thinking involves contemplation,
which is giving something your attention.
3 Original Centers of Philosophy in the
World
+GREEK (Western)

+Indian

+Chinese
3 Original Centers of Philosophy in the
World
+Accoding to Quito (1991), Asian calssics of the
Indians and the Chinese predate the oldest of
than the Greek counterparts
3 Greek Trimuvirate
+Socrates

+Plato

+Aristotle
MOST NOTABLE ANCIENT
GREEK PHILOSOPHERS
Pythagoras (570 BCE-
495 BCE)
+A mathematician & scientist
+Formulated the Pythagorean
Theorem
+Established a community of
learners who were devoted to the
study of religion and philosophy
Heraclitus (535 BCE-
475 BCE)
+“everything that exists is based
on a higher order or plan; “logos”
+Change is permanent aspect of
the human condition
+“No man ever steps in the same
river twice”
Democritus (460 BCE-
370 BCE)
+He devoted to the “study of
causes of natural phenomenon”

+“matter is composed of the

particles called atoms”
Diogenes of Sinope
(412 BCE-323 BCE)
+Known as the advocate of living a
simple and virtuous life.

+“one should not only talk of

virtue but should show it in
words & actions.”
Epicurus (341 BCE-270
BCE)
+“philosophy could enable man to
live a life of happiness”

+EPICUREANISM – school of
philosophy; wisdom and simple
living will result in a life free of
fear and pain.
Socrates (470 BCE-399
BCE)
+Known as the foremost
philosopher of ancient times.
+Had great contributions to the
field of ethics.
+“Philosophy could enable a man
to live a life of virtue
Socrates (470 BCE-399
BCE)
+Known as the foremost
philosopher of ancient times.
+Had great contributions to the
field of ethics.
+“Philosophy could enable a man
to live a life of virtue