E-TECH 1S

Empowerment Technologies
UNIT 1

 LESSON 1 Information and Communication

Technology
 LESSON 2 Online Safety, Security , Ethics, and
Etiquette
 LESSON 3 Contextualized Online Research and
Research Skills
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this unit, you must be able to

 use ICT terms properly in the next lessons,

 discuss how to be a responsible cyber citizen,
 acknowledge the quantity and quality of your digital life,
 use search engines effectively to improve your
research
skills,
 check accuracy and reliability of information from
the Internet via various digital tools,
 use productivity tools for different purposes, and
 apply graphic design techniques to create original
or
derivative ICT content.
Information and
Communications
Technology(ICT)
LESSON 1
What is Information and
Communications Technology(ICT)?

 ICT is the term that is currently favored by

most business and educational
institutions. The “C” reflects the important
role that computers now play
communications, e.g., in by email, the
Web, by satellite and cellphone(mobile
phone).
 The “S” at the end of communications,
which is a term that predates computer
technology and was originally associated
with Morse code, radio, and often
abbreviated to “comms.”
 ICT deals with use of different
the
communication technologies such as
mobile phones, telephone, Internet, etc. to
locate, save, send, and edit information.
Information -refers to the ideas or concepts
obtained from reading, investigation, study
or research which are transmitted through
media such as telephone, television and
radio. Information is necessary to make
decisions and to predict the future. For
example, scientists can detect the formation
of a typhoon using the latest technology and
warn the public to avoid disasters in the
affected areas.
Communication - is a means of transmitting
messages or sending and receiving
information between individuals using
symbols, signs or verbal interactions. Before,
people transmit messages through signs or
symbols and performing drama and poetry.
However, these ‘older’ forms of
communication are less utilized due to the
advent of technology like the use of the
Internet, e-mail or video conferencing.
Technology - is the use of scientific
knowledge, experience and resources to
create processes and products that fulfill
human needs.
ICT in the Philippines
 Philippines as the “ICT hub of Asia”. huge
growth of ICT related jobs around the
country, one of which is Call Center or BPO
(Business Process Outsourcing) centers.
 According to 2013 edition of Measuring the
Information Society by the International
Telecommunication Union, there are 106.8
cellphones per 100 Filipinos in the year
2012.
 In a data gathered by the annual survey of
Philippines business and industries in 2010,
the ICT industry shares 19.3% of the
total employment population.

 Time magazines declared Makati City,

Philippines-Rank 1 as the “Selfiest” Cities
around the world, and Rank 9 is Cebu City.
WWW(World Wide Web)

When WWW was invented, most web

pages were static. Static (also known as
flat page or stationary page) in the
same that the page “as is” and cannot be
manipulated by the user. This
referred to as Web 1.0.
Web 2.0

Web 2.0 allows the user to interact with the

page known as DYNAMIC PAGE;
instead of just reading a page, the user may
be able to comment or create a user account.
Dynamic page refers to the web pages that
are affected by user input or preference.
Web 2.0
Example
 Social networking sites
 Blogs
 Wikis
 Video sharing sites
Key Features of Web 2.0
 Folksonomy – allows users to categorize and
classify/arrange information using freely chosen
keywords (e.g. tagging). Popular social
networking sites such as Twitter, Instagram,
Facebook, etc. use tags that start with a pound sign
(#) or hashtag.
 Rich User Interface – content is dynamic and is
responsive to user’s input. An example would be
a website that shows local content. In the case of
social networking sites, when logged on, your
account is used to modify what you see in their
website.
Key Features of Web 2.0
 User Participation – the owner of website is
not the only one who is able to put content.
Others are able to place a content on their
own by means of comments, reviews, and
evaluation.
 Long Tail – services are offered on demand
rather than on a one-time purchase. This is
synonymous to subscribing to a data plan
that charges you for the amount of time you
spent on Internet or a data plan that charges
you for the amount of bandwidth you used.
Web 3.0 and the Semantic Web

 Semantic Web – is a movement led by

the World Wide Web Consortium(W3C).
The semantic web provides a framework
that allows data to be shared and reuse to
deliver web content specifically targeting
the user.
Web 3.0 is yet to be fully realized
because of several problems:
 Compatibility - HTML files and current
web browsers could not support Web 3.0.
 Security - The user’s security is also
question since the machine is saving his
or her preferences.
 Vastness - The World Wide Web already
contains billions of web pages.
 Vagueness – Certain words are imprecise.
The words “old” and “small” would depend to
the user.
 Logic - since machines use logic, there are
certain limitations for a computer to be able to
predict what the user is referring to at a given
time.
Six types of Social Media
1. Social Networks – These are sites
that allows you to connect with other
people with the same interestsor
background. Once the user creates
his/her account, he/she can set up a
profile, add people, share content, etc.
Example : Facebook and Google+
www.facebook.com
2. Bookmarking Sites– These are sites
that allow you to store and manage links to
various website and resources. Most of these
sites allow you to create a tag and easily
share them.
Ex. : StumbleUpon/Pinterest
www.stumbleupon.com
3. Social News – These are sites that
allow users to post their own news items or
links to other news sources. The users can
also comment on the post and
comments may also be rank.
Example: reddit and Digg
www.reddit.com
4. Media Sharing – These are sites that
allow you to upload and share media
content like images, music and video.
Example: Flickr, Youtube and
Instagram.
www.instagram.com
5. Microblogging – These are sites that
focus on short updates from the user.
Those that subscribed to the user will be
able to receive these updates.
Example: Twitter and Plurk
www.twitter.com
6. Blogs and Forums – These websites
allow user to post their content. Other
users are able to comment on the said
topic.
Example: Blogger, WordPress and
Tumblr
www.tumblr.com
Trends in ICT
1.Convergence – is the synergy of on
technological advancements to work
similar goal or task. For example, besides a
using your personal computer to create word
documents, you can now use your smartphone.
2. Social Media – is a website, application, or
online channel that enables web users to
create, co-create, discuss, modify, and
exchange user generated content.
3. Mobile Technologies – The popularities of
smartphones and tablets has taken a major rise over
the years. This is largely because of the devices
capability to do the tasks that were originally
found in PCs.

Several of these devices are capable of using high-

speed internet. Today the latest model devices
use 4G Networking(LTE), which is currently the
fastest mobile network.
Mobile OS
iOS – use in apple devices such as iPhone and iPad.
Android – an open source OS developed by
Google. Being open source means mobile phone
companies use this OS for free.
Blackberry OS – use in Blackberry devices.

Windows Phone OS – a closed source and

proprietary operating system developed by
Microsoft.
Symbian – the original smartphone OS;
used by Nokia devices.
WebOS – originally used in smartphones;
now used in smartTVs.
Windows Mobile - developed by Microsoft
for smartphones and pocket PCs.
4. Assistive Media – is a non-profit
service designed to help people who
have visual and reading impairments. A
database of audio recordings is used to
read to the user.
Key Terms:
Web 1.0 – static websites without interactivity.
Web 2.0 – websites that contain dynamic
content.
Web 3.0 – a concept of the World Wide Web
that is designed to cater to the individual user.
Static – refers to the web that are the same
regardless of the user.
Dynamic – refers to the web pages that are
affected by user input or preference.
Folksonomy – allows user to categorize and
classify/arrange information.
Hashtag # – used to “categorize” posts in a
website.
Convergence – the synergy of technological
advancements to work a similar goal or task.
Social Media – websites, applications or online
channels that enable users to co-create,
discuss, modify, and exchange user-generated
content.
Online Safety, Security,
Ethics, and Etiquette
LESSON 2
ELECTRONIC LIBEL AND CYBERCRIME
PREVENTION ACT OF 2012
Libel is defined under the Revised Penal Code Section
355.

 1930 – Art. 355. Libel means by writing or similar

means. – A libel committed by means of writing,
printing, lithography, engraving, radio, phonograph,
painting, theatrical exhibition, cinematographic
exhibition, or any similar means, shall be punished by
prison correctional in its minimum and medium
periods or a fine ranging from 200 to 6,000 pesos, or both,
in addition to the civil action which may be brought
by the offended party
ELECTRONIC LIBEL AND CYBERCRIME
PREVENTION ACT OF 2012

Decriminalizing libel requires amending the Revised

Penal Code

2000 – E-Commerce Law (Republic Act 8792)

empowered all existing laws to recognize electronic
documents as evidence (commercial/non-commercial)
ELECTRONIC LIBEL AND CYBERCRIME
PREVENTION ACT OF 2012

Libel is a crime in Cybercrime Law Section 4c(4)

 2012 – LIBEL the unlawful or prohibited acts of libel as

defined in Article 355 of the Revised Penal Code, as
amended committed through a computer system or any
other similar means which may be devised in the future.
 “if a case is filed by a complainant, only 1 case to be
prosecuted under Cybercrime Law.
 Online Safety, Security, Ethics, and
Etiquette
ELECTRONIC LIBEL AND CYBERCRIME PREVENTION
ACT OF 2012
.

Pressing the “like” button and posting comments

doesn’t
mean you are automatically committing libel.
They are
considered as “protected expression”.

IF PROVEN GUILTY, OF FINES (AMOUNT TO

YEARS OR PAYMENT
IMPRSONMENT CAN BE SET IN COURT) OR
BOTH
BE UP TO
T-T
What is a cyber citizen?

Cyber Citizen utilizestechnology in an

appropriate manner including etiquette,
communication, education, access,
commerce, responsibility, rights, safety,
and security.
Here are other ways to be cyber aware.

Cell phones

 “Sexting” is a term used to describe inappropriate

photos or text sent via cell phones
 Cell phone history options allow you to view past
callers and messages. Although the history can be
deleted, contact your cell phone provider for any
other options available.
 Geotagging allows users to note where they are
located in a smart phone photo.
Cell Phones

Additional resources:
- Raising digital citizens
- Privacy
- Understanding mobile apps
- When should you give your kid a
cell phone
- Cell phone resources for schools
Cyberbullying

Cyberbullying involves the use of

technologies to display behavior that
harms another. Through email, instant
messaging, text messaging, and social
networking sites, hurtful messages can be
posted and shared.
 Do not respond or retaliate to inappropriate
communication.
 Save the messages and note the date and time
 Utilize the blocking features in social networking
sites, email, or instant messaging. This will keep
unwanted correspondence from occurring
again. You can also block numbers on your cell
phone or change your personal phone number. Only
give out your phone number to those you trust.
 Notify the provider of inappropriate
behavior by activating the “abuse” tool
available on many sites .
 Contact a trusted adult, teacher, school
counselor, or parent.
Cyberbullying

Additional Resources:
- Signs Your child might be cyberbullied
- Cyberbullying unplugged
- Reducing bullying and cyberbullying
Ethics

Plagiarism is the use of another’s work as

your own. In the internet, all materials are
copyrighted unless stated otherwise.
Such materials, includes, but are not
limited to, images, music, text, and
videos.
The following tips will help
encourage ethical cyber citizenship

 Note all sources used in a project. Any

material copied from an outside
source, including the internet, must be
cited.
 Use quotation marks around
sentences or phrases directly copied
from an outside source and cite this
information.
 Keep a running source list as you find
images and text for a school project.
Visit the school library media specialist
for more information.
Gaming

Online gaming provides the opportunity to

play games from a computer or another
device, like a Wii or PlayStation. Some
consoles have a social element, as user can
play with anyone from around the world.
Chatting, IM, and other social tools exist
within these games.
 Check to see if the game has moderators.
 Do not accept downloads from strangers
including cheat programs. These
programs often have virus or malware
that can harm your computer.
 Be a good sport and what you say online
should appropriate.
Instant Messaging and Email

Instant messaging (IM) allows users to

correspond online with others in real
time. IM can occur through a mobile
device or computer with internet access.
Similar to text messaging, IM lets users
correspond in brief text. Popular IM
platforms include iMessage and Meebo.
Email also allows users to interact online.
Follow the common email usage tips below.

 Privacy – do not share your password with

others.
 Unknown – do not open emails or
attachments from an unknown source. Block
messages from unknown sources
 Unsubscribe – scroll to the bottom of the
email and choose unsubscribe to be
removed from list of unwanted emails.
Social Networking

Social networking sites provide a social

atmosphere by allowing users to share personal
information. Popular site includes include
Facebook, Google+, and Twitter with similar
elements such as status updates, photo friend
list or followers, chat, gaming, and messaging
or email. Most SNS like Facebook intended for
those aged 13 and older.
Contextualized
Online Search and
Research Skills
LESSON 3
The Contenders
 You’re probably familiar with the two search
engines already, but just for a refresher, here’s what
we’re talking about:

 Google: By far the most used search engine in the

world, Google Search has been around since 1997
and is constantly improving with new smart results,
advanced features, and integration with other Google
products. As of February of this year, Google
currently has 64.5% of the US’s search market
share.
 Bing: Bing is the latest name for Microsoft’s
search engine, previously called Windows
Live Search and MSN Search.
 Bing brands itself as a “decision engine”,
aiming to present results with more real-world
context than just finding text on a page. Bing
also powers Yahoo’s search, which, coupled
with Bing, serves 32.6% of US internet
searchers.
Basic Layout and Features
 Basic Layout and Features
Lifehacker has some great articles where they try
to convince as much as anyone else why Bing is
a serious contender to google. Plus points
include:
 Bing’sVideo search is significantly better
than giving you a grid of
Google’s,
thumbnails thatlarge
you can click on to play
or preview if you hover them.
 Bing often gives twice as many autocomplete
suggestions than google does.
Basic Layout and Features
 Bing can predict when airfares are about to
go up or down if you’re searching for flights
 Bing also has a feature where if you type
linkfromdomain:[sitename], it will highlight
the best ranked outgoing links from the site,
helping you out which other sites your
chosen site links to the most.
 Also note that Bing powers Yahoo’s search
engine
Basic Layout and Features

 Google’s shopping suggestions show up

more often than Bing’s do, and they’re
generally much better. So if you’re trying to
find out which stores carry a certain product, or
where to find the best price online, Google will
be better than Bing.
 Google

Hidden behind Google's search

box are a slew of shortcuts leading to
so-called "OneBox" results that
provide awesome tools and
display helpful information quickly
and directly.
Get instant Artist Discographies and
Filmographics
Find Release Dates for Movies,
Games, and More
Find Current Movie Showtimes
Instantly Find Simple Factual
Information
Find the Score of Any Current Sports
Game
Get a Five Day Forecast of the
Weather in Any City
Find the Current Time in Any
City
Find Upcoming Dates for
Holidays and Events
Calculate Almost Anything
Convert Units of Measure
Convert Currency
Check Stock Prices
Find Word Definitions and
Synonyms
Translate Words Instantly
Search Basic Health Conditions
Find Information on
Medications
Hunt Down Information on Local
Restaurants and Businesses
Get Instant Drive Times (and
Directions) Between Addresses
Track the Status of Any Flight
Track Your Packages
Bing
Flight Cost Prediction
Unique Search Operators Like
LinkFromDomain
Video Search
Find Online Courses
Easier Photo License Search
Fact-checking sites
FactCheck.org

A project of the Annenberg Public Policy Center of

the University of Pennsylvania, the site is a
“nonpartisan, nonprofit ‘consumer advocate’ for
voters that aims to reduce the level of deception and
confusion in U.S. politics”. While its focus is on
politics, that topic is taken broadly and
encompasses a lot of web content.
Fact-checking sites

Checkdesk
A verification tool designed to help curate user-
generated content during breaking news and
connect journalists to citizen sources on the
ground. “Checkdesk facilitates collaborative fact-
checking of unverified reports,” the developers
write. “Professional journalists can join forces with
citizen journalists in search of background
information and evidence to corroborate social
media reports.”
Fact-checking sites
Full Fact Finder

This U.K based site covers information on the

economy, health, crime and the law,
immigration and education. “Search results
offer users general background information, as well
as details on the sort of data available in the area
and links to statics from official bodies”
Fact-checking sites
Emergent.Info
The sites tagline is ”real-time rumor tracker”. For
example, on April 1, 2015, it checked whether a man
was wanted in England for slapping people who
sneeze in public(true) and a claim that doctors
had confirmed the first death due to genetically
modified food(false). The site is part of a research
project of the Tow Center for Digital Journalism at
Columbia University that focuses on how
unverified information and rumor are reported in
the media.
Fact-checking sites

Churnalism

From the Sunlight Foundation, Churnalism is

based on a U.K site and compares articles to a
database of press releases. It’s intended as a
public-accountability tool but could also useful for
journalists assessing blog posts and other source
material.
Fact-checking sites
LazyTruth

An inbox extension that recognizes emails full of

political myths, urban legends, or security threats
and debunks them in your mail program. It
currently works only in Chrome and Gmail, but
may be expanded to other browsers.
Fact-checking sites

Is Twitter Wrong

A Tumblr(http://istwitterwrong.tumblr.com/)
and Twitter(http://twitter.com/IsTwitWrong)
account dedicated to debunking
misinformation on Twitter.
Fact-correction tools
MediaBugs
A service for reporting specific, correctable
errors, and problems in media coverage. “We’ll
provide a neutral, civil, moderated discussion
space,” they state. “We’ll try to alert the
journalists or new organization involved about
your report and bring them into a conversation. As
a result of this dialogue between journalists and
the public, some errors may get into corrected;
others won’t. Either way, the discussion will
leave a useful public record.
Fact-correction tools

Retwact

A tool that automates the process of notifying

anyone who retweeted an inaccurate tweet from
your account ; the goal is to help slow the spread of
misinformation by making it easier to correct
tweets.
Fact-correction tools
Report an Error Alliance

This is an ad-hoc group of individuals and

organizations who endorse theidea that
websites should always have an easy-to-find and-
use “report an error” button. It’s a way of saying
to users that you care about accuracy, you want to
know when you make errors, and you’re
conscientious about fixing them.
Image tools
TinEye

A reverse-image search engine, TinEye

allows you to find out where an image came
from, how it is being used, if modified versions
exist, or to find higher-resolution versions.
TinEye is the first image search engine to use
image-identification technology rather than
keywords, metadata or watermarks. It is free to use
for non-commercial searching.
Image tools

Google Images

With Google Images “Search by Image”

option you can upload an image and Google will
show you any images that resemble it. It is a
quick track down original source images, or spot
modifications and edits to an image.
Image tools

FourAndSix

An extension for Adobe Photoshop,

FourMatch analyzes open JPEG images to
determine whether they are untouched
originals from a digital camera. As of April
2015, the service has been discontinued and one
called Izitru was recommended.
ACTIVITY

DRAW: MIND MAP

The goal is to be able to draw a mind map of search

engines. This task will give you a profound insight into
search engines. Expect to work with a group. You will
collaborate using a list of 20 words related about
search engines. Your job is to turn these into a map of
connected words. You should be able to explain and
justify each connection map that you make.
THANK YOU