Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Kimia Koordinasi - Mekanisme Reaksi - II - 2017
Kimia Koordinasi - Mekanisme Reaksi - II - 2017
SUBSTITUSI
SENYAWA KOMPLEKS
ANO3 - BAG 2
KLASIFIKASI MEKANISME
SUBSTITUSI
Profil energi untuk mekanisme reaksi substitusi
K1
ML5X + Y ML5XYintermediet
K-1
K2 K2
ML5XYintermediet ML5Y + X (lambat)
ML5 + Y ML5Y (lambat)
Beda Ia dan Id
Beda D, I dan A
Tahap reaksi dan persamaan laju
Mekanisme reaksi Tahap reaksi Persamaan laju
D k1 Untuk harga k-1 <<<< k2
ML5 X ML5 + X
k-1 d/dt[ML5Y] = k1[ML5X]
k2
Atau SN1
ML5 + Y ML5Y
I k1 d/dt[ML5Y] = k2[ML5X.Y]
ML5X + Y ML5X.Y
k-1 k2k1[M]o
d/dt[ML5Y] = --------------------------
k2 1+ k1[Y]o
ML5X.Y ML5Y + X [M]o = [ML5X] + [ML5X.Y]o
K2
ML5 + Y ML5Y
When k2 << k-l, the reverse reaction of the first step is fast enough that this step is independent
of the second step, and the first step is an equilibrium with K1 = kl/k-l.
Applying the stationary-state hypothesis:
• If [Y] is large compared with [ML5X] (a common experimental condition),
the concentration of the unstable transition species may be large enough
to significantly change the concentration of the ML5X, but not that of Y.
For this reason, we must solve for this species in terms of the total initial
reactant concentrations of ML5X and Y, which we will call [M]o and [Y]":
Uji Mekanisme Secara laboratorium
Dua reaksi yang sering untuk menguji mekanisme reaksi
1. Reaksi akuasi (pengikatan molekul air)
ML5X + H2O ML5H2O + X
2. Reaksi Anasi (pelepasan molekul air)
ML5H2O + Y ML5Y + H2O
Kesimpulan :
Untuk ligan L donor sigma, relatif tidak ada pengaruh ketika ligan tersebut berada
pada posisi cis maupun trans
[Co(en)2LCl]n+ + H2O [Co(en)2L(H2O)](n+1)+ + Cl-
No Isomer Pereaktan Perubahan
Harga k
L (Cis) K L (Trans) K Ligan L donor-pi
dg posisi cis
1. OH- 1,2 x 10-2 OH- 1,6 x 10-3 Turun 10 x menyebabkan laju
2. Cl- 2,4 x 10-4 Cl- 3,5 x 10-5 Turun 10 x substitusi lebih
3. NCS- 1,1 x 10-5 NCS- 5,0 x 10-8 Turun 1000 x besar daripada
posisi trans
[Co(en)2LCl]n+ + H2O [Co(en)2L(H2O)](n+1)+ + Cl-
No Isomer Pereaktan Kenaikan/penurunan
L Cis K L (Trans) K harga k