INTRODUCTION TO THE

PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN

PERSON
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the students
are expected to:
a. differentiate opinion from truth; and

b. scrutinize a situation that shows the

difference between opinion and truth.
A student shall tell two lies and a
truth about themselves. Their
classmates will guess which one is
the truth.
Truth -- a fact that has been verified.
Something which depends on a person’s
perspective and experience.
example: Abortion is wrong.
Fact – reality that cannot be logically disputed
or rejected.
Something that cannot be combated with
reasoning, for it is logic itself.
example: The sun is a star.
 Facts– are concrete realities that no
amount of reasoning will change. It is not
discovered nor created, it is simply
acknowledge.
 are notes and lyrics on sheet music.

 we look OUTSIDE of ourselves to finds

facts
 Truths– are those things that are not
simply acknowledge, but must be
discovered or created.
it is what the singer gives to the listener
when she’s brave enough to
open up and sing from her heart.

we look INSIDE ourselves to find facts.

Example:
1+1= 2 --FACT (only one result proven truth)

2= 1+1 --TRUE but not Fact (infinite results as

2= 2ˣ1, 2= 6-4, 2= 2+0 to infinity.

Therefore;
every FACT is
True but not all Truths
are Facts.
 Opinion -- a personal
belief or judgment that is not
founded on proof or certainty.
Examples:
1. Some people have the opinion that
marriage should be for everyone,
including homosexual couples. Other
people are against of homosexual
marriage.
2. Christianity is the best religion.
3. Cable is expensive.
TASK: Brain-teasers

APPLICATION
Find a partner to solve the
following brain-teasers.
1. Eskimos are very good hunters, but they
never hunt penguins. Why not?
2.There was an old man who lived by himself.
He felt tired so he went into the bathroom,
went to the toilet, and then turned the light off
before going to bed. The next morning there
was a news flash on the radio that a boat
crashed. The man opened the window and
jumped out. Why?
In a ¼ sheet of paper, identify whether the
statement is Truth, Opinion or Fact.

1. The sun exists.

2. Chocolate is good.
3. The earth orbits the sun.
4. God exist.
5. The fire is hot.
6. Coffee tastes good.
7. Torturing children is wrong.
8. Cats are better than dogs.
9. Vladimir Putin is a jerk.
10. Humans are warm-blooded mammals.
  OPINIONS are statement that go beyond providing
facts.
 A CONCLUSION is a judgment based on certain
facts.
 BELIEFS are statements that expresses convictions
that are not easily and clearly explained by facts.
 EXPLANATIONS are statements that assume the
claim to be true and provide reasons why the statement
is true.
 ARGUMENTS are series of statements that provide
reasons to convince the reader or listener that a claim or
opinion is truthful.
 FALLACIES are arguments based on faulty reasoning.
 BIAS is disproportionate weight in favor of or against
an idea or thing, usually in a way that is closed-minded,
prejudicial, or unfair.
 ASSIGNMENT:
Advancereading/research about
Phenomenology: On Consciousness.
See 2.1