WEEK 2

REVIEW
1. How many parts in the articulators?
2. /p/ and /b/ are the dental sounds. True or
False?
3. Draw the articulators
Give the names for the articulators.
a. pharynx
b. alveolar ridge
c. tongue
d. hard palate (roof of the
mouth)
e. lower lip
WARM - UP
VOWEL
SOUNDS
1. How many vowel sounds?

5 25
Vowel letters Vowel sounds including 12 monophthong sounds
A, E, I, O, U + 8 diphthong sounds and 5 triphthongs

2. What is the similarities and differences among the

following words? ‘though, thought, through, cough,
drought, tough’

Similarity: - ough
Difference: Pronunciation
Table of Contents (WEEK 2)

1. Definition of VOWELS
2. Monophthongs
3. Diphthongs
4. Triphthongs
5. Description of VOWELS
Definition of Vowel Sounds

- are generally produced with no obstruction to the air steam when it

passed through the mouth

- are produced with vibration of the vocal cords in the larynx

Vowel Classification
How many types of vowel sounds are there in English?
3 types: monophthongs, diphthongs, triphthongs

How many criteria for describing vowel sounds are there? What are they?
3.
Height, backness (tongue shape), roundness (lip shape)
 Vowel Classification

Tongue height How high and low the tongue is

Tongue shape/
How far front or back the tongue is
backness

Lip shape/
Are lips rounded?
roundness
 The quadrilateral of cardinal vowels
We use the quadrilateral of cardinal vowels to describe the English
short and long vowels

Front Central Back

i u
Close • iː • uː

• • ʊ
ɪ
Close - mid e o
•
• ɔː
•
ɜː •ə
e
Open - mid ɛ ɔ
•
ʌ •
•
æ • ɒ
Open a ɑ
ɑ
Unround ː Rounded
Short Vowels vs. Long Vowels
(AUDIO 3 – EXERCISE 4)
Length of vowels depends on …

Vowel + voiceless consonant hit, heat

 shorter vowel

1. context
Vowel + voiced consonant hid, heed
 longer vowel

Vowel in an unstressed syllable record (n)

 shorter vowel

2. stress
Vowel in a stressed syllable record (v)
 longer vowel
 Exercise 2: Use the descriptive labels to say what the following cardinal vowels are:
a) [u] b) [e] c) [a] d) [i] e) [o]

We use the quadrilateral of cardinal vowels to describe the English

short and long vowels

Front Central Back

i u
Close • iː • uː

• • ʊ
ɪ
Close - mid e o
•
• ɔː
•
ɜː •ə
e
Open - mid ɛ ɔ
•
ʌ •
•
æ • ɒ
Open a ɑ
ɑ
Unround ː Rounded
Tongue height How high and low the tongue is
Tongue shape/ How far front or back the tongue is
backness
Lip shape/
Are lips rounded?
roundness
Monophthongs sounds (British English)
. Long and short vowels in English are called monophthongs. (= single sound
in Greek)
VOWEL SOUNDS
Monophthong sounds (12)
Short vowel (7) Long Vowel (5)
/ɪ/ pit /i:/ bean
/e/ pet /a:/ barn
/æ/ pat /ɔ:/ born
/ʌ/ cut /u:/ glue
/ɒ/ pot /ɜ:/ burn
/ʊ/ put
/ə/ another
Monophthongs (British English)
Watch the clip about monophthongs and find out more

examples of short vowels and long vowels.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M0O_5H4A6l8&t=93s
Monophthongs (British English)
 Practice 1 (AUDIO 2 - EXERCISE 1)
1. LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND WRITE DOWN THE WORD THAT YOU LISTEN

2. LISTEN AGAIN AND WRITE DOWN THE SYMBOL OF THE VOWEL YOU HEAR IN EACH WORD
Words Sounds
1
2
3
4
5
6
 Practice 1 (AUDIO 2 - EXERCISE 1)
1. LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND WRITE DOWN THE WORD THAT YOU LISTEN

2. LISTEN AGAIN AND WRITE DOWN THE SYMBOL OF THE VOWEL YOU HEAR IN EACH WORD
Words Sounds
1 bit bid hymn miss /ɪ/
/bɪt/ /bɪd/ /hɪm/ /mɪs/ /ɪ/
2 bet bed hen mess /e/
/bet/ /bed/ /hen/ /mes/ /e/
3 bat bad ham mass /æ/
/bæt/ /bæd/ /hæm/ /mæs/ /æ/
4 cut bud bun bus /ʌ/
/kʌt/ /bʌd/ /bʌn/ /bʌs/
5 pot cod Tom loss /ɒ/
/pɒt/ /kɒd/ /tɒm/ /lɒs/
6 put wood pull push /ʊ/
/pʊt/ /wʊd/ /pʊl/ /pʊʃ/
 Practice 2 (AUDIO 2 - EXERCISE 2)
1. LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND WRITE DOWN THE WORD THAT YOU LISTEN

2. LISTEN AGAIN AND WRITE DOWN THE SYMBOL OF THE VOWEL YOU HEAR IN EACH WORD
Words
Words Sounds Words Sounds
1 6
2 7
3 8
4 9
5 10
 Practice (AUDIO 2 - EXERCISE 2)
1. LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND WRITE DOWN THE WORD THAT YOU LISTEN

2. LISTEN AGAIN AND WRITE DOWN THE SYMBOL OF THE VOWEL YOU HEAR IN EACH WORD
Words
Words Sounds Words Sounds
1 ban /æ/ 6 put /ʊ/
/bæn/ /pʊt/
2 hub /ʌ/ 7 come /ʌ/
/hʌb/ /kʌm/
3 fill /ɪ/ 8 mid /ɪ/
/fɪl/ /mɪd/
4 moss /ɒ/ 9 bomb /ɒ/
/mɒs/ /bɒm/
5 led /e/ 10 sell /e/
/led/ /sel/
 Pronunciation Practice (AUDIO 2 - EXERCISE 4)

1. LISTEN AND REPEAT

/ɪ/ and /e/ /æ/ and /ʌ/ /ɒ/ and /ʊ/

/e/ and /æ/ /ʌ/ and /ɒ/

Sounds Examples Sounds Examples

/i:/ beat, heel, leave /ɜ:/ fir, curse, learn
/ɪ/ bit, hill, live /ʊ/ pull, could, foot
/e/ bet, pen, dead /u:/ pool, cooed, food
/æ/ bat, pan, dad /ɒ/ pot, shot, spot
/ʌ/ but, some, rush /ɔː/ port, short, sport
/ə/ about, printer, tomorrow /ɑ:/ part, half, father
Diphthongs are sounds which consist of a movement or glide from one vowel
to another.

-The first part is much longer & stronger than the second part.

¾a

- E.g.: /aɪ/
¼ɪ
Total number of diphthongs: 8
- 8 diphthongs were divided into 3 groups as in this diagram.
Diphthong

centring closing

ending with ending with ending

/ə/ /ɪ/ with /ʊ/

ɪə eə ʊə eɪ aɪ ɔɪ əʊ aʊ

Group work: Find some examples for the above diphthongs

Diphthongs
VOWEL SOUNDS
Diphthong sounds (8)
Sounds Words
/ɪə/ hear, beer
/eə/ hair, pair
/ʊə/ poor, lure
/eɪ/ stay, name
/aɪ/ stay, height
/ɔɪ/ coin, joy
/əʊ/ code, host, no
/aʊ/ cow, house, now
Diphthongs
Centring diphthongs glide towards the /ə/ vowel as the symbols indicate:
Element 1 Element 2
/ɪə/
I ə
more central centring
Closing diphthongs glide they all and with a glide towards a closer vowel as
the described below:

Element 1 Element 2 /eɪ/

/eɪ/
e ɪ
closer closing
Practice 3 (AUDIO 3 – EXERCISE 6)

1. LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND WRITE DOWN THE WORD THAT YOU LISTEN

2. LISTEN AGAIN AND WRITE DOWN THE SYMBOL FOR THE DIPHTHONG YOU HEAR IN EACH WORD

Words Sounds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Practice 3 (AUDIO 3 – EXERCISE 6)

1. LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND WRITE DOWN THE WORD THAT YOU LISTEN

2. LISTEN AGAIN AND WRITE DOWN THE SYMBOL FOR THE DIPHTHONG YOU HEAR IN EACH WORD

Words Sounds
1 mate /meɪt/ made /meɪd/ main /meɪn/ mace /meɪs/ /eɪ/
2 right /raɪt/ ride /raɪd/ rhyme /raɪm/ rice /raɪs/ /aɪ/
3 quoit /kɔɪt/ buoyed /bɔɪd/ Boyne /bɔɪn/ Royce /rɔɪs/ /ɔɪ/
4 coat /kəʊt/ code /kəʊd/ cone /kəʊn/ close /kləʊs/ /əʊ/
5 gout /gaʊt/ loud /laʊd/ gown /gaʊn/ louse /laʊs/ /aʊ/
6 feared /fɪəd/ /ɪə/
7 cared /keəd/ cairn /keən/ scarce /skeəs/ /eə/
8 moored /mʊəd/ /ʊə/
Practice 4 (AUDIO 3 – EXERCISE 7)

1. LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND WRITE DOWN THE WORD THAT YOU LISTEN

2. LISTEN AGAIN AND WRITE DOWN THE SYMBOL FOR THE DIPHTHONG YOU HEAR IN EACH WORD

Words Sounds Words Sounds

1. 7.
2. 8.
3. 9.
4. 10.
5. 11.
6. 12.
Practice 4 (AUDIO 3 – EXERCISE 7)

1. LISTEN TO THE AUDIO AND WRITE DOWN THE WORD THAT YOU LISTEN

2. LISTEN AGAIN AND WRITE DOWN THE SYMBOL FOR THE DIPHTHONG YOU HEAR IN EACH WORD

Words Sounds Words Sounds

1. fierce /fɪəs/ /ɪə/ 7. kite /kaɪt/ /aɪ/
2. cared /keəd/ /eə/ 8. beard /bɪəd/ /ɪə/
3. moors /mʊəz/ /ʊə/ 9. tours /tʊəz/ /ʊə/
4. raid /reɪd/ /eɪ/ 10. bone /bəʊn/ /əʊ/
5. time /taɪm/ /aɪ/ 11. boil /bɔɪl/ /ɔɪ/
6. coat /kəʊt/ /əʊ/ 12. town /taʊn/ /aʊ/
Triphthongs is a glide from one vowel to another and then to a third
vowel, all produced rapidly and without interruption.

AUDIO 3 – EXERCISE 8: LISTEN AND REPEAT

QUIZ
 REMINDER

WEEK 2 → QUIZ → REVIEW

WEEK 1 +2
→ WEEK 3 →
QUIZ – WEEK
3
STUDY + REVIEW WEEK 2 PPT + NOTES E-LEARNING COMPLETE QUIZ
OF WEEK 3
DEADLINE:
FRIDAY AT 10
P.M.
Thank you!
 We will talk about
this first.
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know some interesting facts about animals!
Now, we will talk about
this other thing.
Add a brief introduction of your section here: Let’s dive in and get to
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