Republic of the Philippines

Province of Batangas
CITY OF TANAUAN

TANAUAN CITY COLLEGE

TANAUAN City of Colors

Module 1
Communication,
Definition, Nature,
Functions, Ethics,
Purposes and Features
 Objectives:
 At the end of the lesson students should be able to:

• Understand the definition, nature and functions of communication

• Know how to communicate in an ethical manner

• Apply the features and purposes to the communication process

• Understand the meaning of communication in society

• Know the principles and processes of communication as embodied in the

communication models provided

• Relate the communication models to their experiences and apply them to

their own communication processes
 Communication
• Communication- is the act of conveying
meanings from one entity or group through
the use of mutually understood, signs,
symbols, and semiotic rules.
The Communication Process
 The Communication Process…
continuation
• The sender generates the idea.
• The sender encodes the idea and converts the idea into
words or actions.
• The speaker transmits or sends out message through
channel.
• The receiver gets the message.
• The receiver decodes the message or interprets the
message based on the context.
• The receiver sends or provides feedback.
•
 Types of Communication
1. Verbal Communication
2. Nonverbal Communication
 Types of Communication
1. Verbal Communication

• In verbal communication, language is used to transfer

information through speaking. It occurs when we engage in
speaking with others.
• It is complicated by the fact that language is arbitrary, meaning
that words change over time, due to the miscommunication
occurs as word has different meaning at different time.
• For example: the word love is a very imprecise term; one
person’s definition of love may differ substantially from
another person’s.
 Types of Communication
• Verbal communication is divided into:

Written Oral Communication

 Types of Communication
• Nonverbal communication have the following three
elements
•Appearance
Speaker – clothing, hairstyle, neatness, use of cosmetics
Surrounding – room size, lighting, decorations,
furnishings

•Body Language
facial expressions, gestures, postures

•Sounds
Voice Tone, Volume, Speech
 Types of Communication
2. Non-verbal Communication-

In nonverbal communication include body

language, gestures, eye contact, and facial
expressions to convey information to others.
This type of communication can be used both
intentionally and unintentionally. It is helpful
when trying to understand others’ thoughts and
feelings
 Levels of Communication
1. Intrapersonal Communication
2. Interpersonal communication
3. Small Group communication
4. One-to-group communication
5. Mass communication
 Levels of Communication
1. Intrapersonal Communication

Also known as self-talk or thinking, and refers to the ways we

communicate with ourselves.
Examples are when you make any kind of decision – what to
eat or wear. When you think about something – what you
want to do on the weekend or when you think about another
person
 Levels of Communication
1. Intrapersonal Communication

Also known as self-talk or thinking, and refers to the ways we

communicate with ourselves.
Examples are when you make any kind of decision – what to
eat or wear. When you think about something – what you
want to do on the weekend or when you think about another
person
 Levels of Communication
2. Interpersonal communication

is the communication we have with other people. This type of

communication varies from highly impersonal to extremely
personal.

Examples are when you are talking to your friends. A teacher

and student discussing an assignment. A patient and a doctor
discussing a treatment. A manager and a potential employee
during an interview. A husband and a wife talking about their
financial problem.
 Levels of Communication
2. Interpersonal communication

is the communication we have with other people. This type of

communication varies from highly impersonal to extremely
personal.

Examples are when you are talking to your friends. A teacher

and student discussing an assignment. A patient and a doctor
discussing a treatment. A manager and a potential employee
during an interview. A husband and a wife talking about their
financial problem.
 Levels of Communication
3. Small Group communication

is communication within formal or informal groups or teams.

It is group interaction that results in decision making, problem
solving and discussion within an organization.

Examples would be a group planning a surprise birthday party

for someone. A team working together on a project.
 Levels of Communication
4. One-to-group communication

involves a speaker who seeks to inform, persuade or motivate

an audience.

Examples are a teacher and a class of students. A preacher

and a congregation. A speaker and an assembly of people in
the auditorium.
 Levels of Communication
5. Mass communication

refers to any type of media that is used to communicate with

mass audiences.

Examples of mass media include books, televisions, radios,

films, computer technologies, magazines and newspaper.
Barriers In Communication
 Barriers In Communication
•Barriers to communication can be classified as organizational, physical,
cultural, linguistic, and interpersonal.
•Organizational barriers can be directly attributed to poor operational
practices.
•Physical barriers include distance, lack of appropriate technology, and
lack of privacy.
•Cultural barriers include differences in the interpretation of word
meanings in different cultures even though they may be using a
common language.
•Linguistic barriers include jargon and acronyms that mean different
things to different groups.

Interpersonal barriers include the many nonverbal signals that can easily
be misinterpreted
Overcoming Barriers to Effective
Communication

• Use feedback
• Simplify language
• Listen actively
• Constraints emotions
• Watch non-verbal cues.
The Importance of Communication
• Base for Action
• Planning Becomes Easy
• Means of Coordination
• Aids in Decision Making
• Provides Effective leadership
7C/Principle of Communication
• Complete- The message must contain all facts needed for desired
reaction.
• Clarity- There must be clarity in terms of thought and expression.
• Concise- The message must be to the point and all unnecessary words
must be eliminated.
• Courtesy- One must communicate in a friendly and polite manner.
• Correct- All facts, words, language information of the message must be
accurate.
• Concrete- The message to be communicated must be specific and not
vague.
• Consideration- One must understand the emotions sentiments of the
receiver.
The 4 main Purpose of Communication

1. To inquire- This involves obtaining information in various

ways, for instance by asking questions or through
formulating questionnaires.
2. To inform- This entails the dissemination of information
using different channels of communication.
3. To persuade- This aims to influence people and bring
them round to your way of thinking.
4. To develop goodwill- This involves maintaining and
forming cordial and harmonious relationship with people
you are communicating.
Republic of the Philippines
Province of Batangas
CITY OF TANAUAN

TANAUAN CITY COLLEGE

TANAUAN City of Colors

Module 1
Communication
Models
 Communication Models
1. Linear Models of Communication

- The linear communication model

illustrates communication in a
one-way activity where message
or information flows from the
speaker to the listener. This
means that the transmission of
message starts from an active
sender and ends with the passive
receive.
 Communication Models
a. Aristotle’s Model of Communication

• Aristotle Model is mainly focused on speaker and speech.

• It can be broadly divided into 5 primary elements: Speaker, Speech,
Occasion, Audience and Effect
• SPEAKER CENTERED MODEL
• Highly used to develop public speaking skills and create a propaganda at
that time so, it is less focused on intrapersonal or interpersonal
communication
• Speaker must have a very good non-verbal communication with the
audience like eye contact
 Communication Models
b. Laswell’s Model of Communication

• Developed by communication
theorist Harold D. Lasswell (1902-
1978) in 1948.
• Lasswell’s model of
communication (also known as
action model or linear model or
one way model of
communication) is regarded as
one the most influential
communication models.
 Communication Models
2. Transactional Model of Communication

• Transactional model of
communication is the exchange
of messages between sender and
receiver where each take turns to
send or receive messages.
• Both sender and receiver are
known as communicators
• The model is mostly used for
interpersonal communication and
is also called circular model of
communication.
 Communication Models
3. Interactive Model of Communication

• Also known as convergence

model deals with exchange of
ideas and messages taking place
both ways from sender to
receiver and vice-versa
• The communication process take
place between humans or
machines in both verbal or non-
verbal way
• This is a relatively new model of
communication for new
technologies like web.
 Communication Models
a. Osgood-Schramm’s Model of Communication
• Built on the theory that communication is a two-way street, with a sender
and a receiver
• Field of experience incorporates what is mutually understood between the
sender and receiver.
 Communication Models
b. Dance Helical Model of Communication
• Frank Dance proposed a communication model inspired by a helix in 1967,
known as Helical Model of Communication. A helix is a three dimensional
spring-like curve in the shape of a cylinder or a cone.
• Communication is taken as a dynamic process in helical model of
communication and it progresses with age as our experience and
vocabulary increases.
 Communication Models
b. Dance Helical Model of Communication
• Helix is compared with evolution of communication of a human since birth
to existence or existing moment. Helical model gives geometrical testimony
of communication. The model is linear as well as circular combined and
disagrees the concept of linearity and circularity individually.
Description of the Learning Activities

Learning Task 1: Communication Process Explained

DIRECTIONS: Having in the process and elements of communication, explain the

communication process as seen in the models below. (20 pts.)
Learning Task 2: Communication Models Applied

DIRECTIONS: Choose one communication model which you

think you encounter most of the times and share why and how
this model happens almost every time. (30 pts.)