COMMUNICATION

Communication

Comes from the Latin word

“communis”
to make common; to
establish commonness
between two or more people
Having something in
common with the other
person (e.g. same meaning
for a concept)
Mutual understanding
Communication

Related to Latin word

“communicado”
to share
To establish
commonness, we
need to share
Communication

 Field of Experience

Sum or total of an
individual’s experiences
which influence him or her
to communicate
Communication

Common Field of Experience (CFE)

(Field of (Field of
Person A experience) experience) Person B

(CFE)
 Communication
Common Field of Experience (CFE)

Person A Person B

(WIDE CFE)
 Communication
Common Field of Experience (CFE)

Person A Person B

(NARROW CFE)
MODELS OF COMMUNICATION

 Representation of
reality
 Presented
diagrammatically
 Depict relationships
among elements
MODELS OF COMMUNICATION

 How author
conceives/explains
communication
 Represent different
perspectives
 Shaped by different
theories and perspectives
in the social sciences
FUNCTIONS OF MODELS

 To clarify the scope of human interaction

showing it to be a circular, complex,
continuous dynamic, or a coding process.
 To point out where to look and under what
conditions to analyze different responses.
 To show the variables in human
communication.
 Used as a frame work in researches.
ONE-WAY MODELS

COMMUNICATIO
N

Bullet Theory of Communication

ONE-WAY MODELS

SPEAKER SPEECH AUDIENCE EFFECT

OCCASION

Aristotle’s Model of Communication

ONE-WAY MODELS
ONE-WAY MODELS

WHO
SAYS WHAT
IN WHICH CHANNEL
TO WHOM
WITH WHAT EFFECT?

Laswell’s Model of Communication

ONE-WAY MODELS

WHO SAYS IN WHICH TO WITH

WHAT CHANNEL WHOM WHAT
receiver EFFECT
message medium
communicator effect

Laswell’s Model of Communication

ONE-WAY MODELS
M M
S e
e i
s s
g s
s n
a a
a g
g l RECEIVED
e e
TRANSMITTER SIGNAL RECEIVER DESTINATION
INFORMATION
SOURCE

NOISE
SOURCE

Shannon and Weaver’s Mathematical

Model of Communication
NOISE

 Lessens fidelity
 Emanates from any element
 Physical or psychological
 Physical (motorbike making
noise, smudges of page, “snow”
on tv set)
 Psychological (distraction, use
of codes, attitudes)
 ONE-WAY MODELS

S
SOURCE
M
MESSAGE
C
CHANNEL
R
RECEIVER
Comm skills code seeing Comm skills
Attitudes content hearing Attitudes
Knowledge treatment touching Knowledge
Social System -elements smelling Social System
Culture - structure tasting Culture

Berlo’s
Model of Communication
TWO-WAY MODELS
MESSAGE

DECODER DECODER

INTERPRETER INTERPRETER

ENCODER ENCODER

MESSAGE

Osgood’s
Model of Communication
TWO-WAY MODELS

Fields of Experience Fields of Experience

S Encoder Decoder R

Schramm’s
Model of Communication
MULTIDIMENSIONAL MODEL
s

M C

R E

Cuyno’s
Model of Communication
Implications

 Process: It suggests that the

components of interaction are dynamic
in nature. They can not be regarded as
unchanging elements in time and space.
This simply means that no single aspect
of communication can be meaningfully
understood apart from the other
elements.
Implications

 Interaction: It is the process of linking

between senders and receivers of the
message. The process specifies
interaction or linkages between or among
countless factors, so that the changes in
any set of forces affect the operation of all
other processes to produce a total effect.
Implications

 The concept of interaction is central to

an understanding of the concept of
process in communication.
Communication is an attempt to bridge
the gap between two individuals through
producing and receiving messages which
have meaning for both.
Implications

 Social Context: Human communication

is, to a great extent, influenced by the
social context in which it occurs. The
context or the situation that consists of a
set of rules which govern the origin,
flow and effect of the messages.
 The End

http://www.pathways.cu.edu.eg/subpages/training_courses/
Communications7/Chapter1.htm
Berlo, David K.The Communication Process
http://www.shkaminski.com/Classes/Handouts/Communicati
on%20Models.htm
 ASSIGNMENT:
1.Identify a communication situation that you
were involved in. Describe the details. Tell
the story. Write your answers on a ½
sheet of pad paper (crosswise).

2.Submit this assignment next meeting..