Global

Networks
- How do you
communicate with your
relatives in abroad?
Globalization
As cited in the Revisitadestatica (2012), the
term globalization refers to the emergence of
an international network, belonging to an
economic and social system. One of the
earliest uses of the term "globalization", as
known, was in 1930 - in a publication entitled
“Towards New Education” to designate an
overview of the human experience in
education.
Roland Robertson, a professor of
sociology at the University of
Aberden, was the first person who
defined globalization as "the
understanding of the world and the
increased perception of the world as
a whole."
Martin Albrow and Elizabeth
King, sociologists, define
globalization as "all those
processes by which the peoples
of the world are incorporated
into a single world society.
It is a process of interaction and
integration among the people,
companies, and governments of
different nations. A process driven
by international trade and
investment and aided by
information technology.
This process has effects on the
environment, on culture, on
political systems, on economic
development and prosperity, and
on human physical well-being on
societies around the world.
For many developing nations,
globalization has led to an
improvement in standard of living
through improved roads and
transportation, improved health care,
and improved education due to the
global expansion of corporations.
However, globalization has a
negative effect on individuals
who live in developed nations.
Some of the factors that cause
globalization are migration and
labor.
Migration is a movement to
another place, often of a large
group of people.

Labor is defined as work,

especially hard physical work.
People are more willing to move
between different countries today in
search
for work. Remittances now play a
large role in transfers from developed
countries to
developing countries.
 Types of
Globalization
-Economic Globalization
-Social Globalization
-Political Globalization
-Financial Globalization
-Technological Globalization
-Ecological Globalization
-Geographical Globalization
Economic Globalization is the
increasing economic integration and
interdependence of national,
regional, and local economies across
the world through an intensification
of cross boarder movement of goods,
services, technologies and capital.
Examples:
• Trans-national trades are companies that extend beyond the
borders of one country example of these are Unilever and
McDonalds
• World Trade Organization is the only global international
organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations. The
WTO has 164 members and 24 observer governments.
• Foreign Direct Investment is an investment in the form of a
controlling ownership in a business in one country by an entity based
in another country. It is thus distinguished from a foreign portfolio
investment by a notion of direct control. In 2019, China and South
Korea followed Singapore as the largest investors in the Philippines.
Social Globalization is a social
transformation or process leading to
the achievement of people-centered
development. Human-centered
development concept is offered as an
alternative strategy to bring about a
more equity development outcome.
Examples:
• UN General Assembly
• Partnership of International
Development Programs
• Social Integration, Gender Equity and
access to Social Services
• HIV/AIDS Awareness
Political Globalization refers to an
increasing trend toward multilateralism
in an emerging transnational state
apparatus and the emergence of
national and international non-
governmental organizations that act as
watchdogs over governments.
The government has four distinct roles
in addressing sustainability concerns.
These roles are as follows:
1. Policy development
2. Regulation
3. Facilitation
4. Internal sustainability management
Financial Globalization is a
collective concept that refers to
increasing global linkages created
through cross-border financial flows.
Financial integration refers to an
individual country's linkages to
international capital markets.
Technological Globalization is accelerated in
large part by technological transmission, the
spread of technology across borders. Although
the Philippines is not the world's least
technologically advanced country, it is far from
leading. It ranks 83rd out of 138 countries in
terms of technological readiness, according to
the Department of Science and Technology
(DOST).
Ecological Globalization occurs when
ecosystems are constantly exchanging
materials through the movement of air in the
atmosphere, the flow of water in rivers and
the migration of animals across the landscape.
The world is also becoming highly
interconnected through the movement of
people and the transport of goods locally to
globally
Ecological Globalization occurs when
ecosystems are constantly exchanging
materials through the movement of air in the
atmosphere, the flow of water in rivers and
the migration of animals across the landscape.
The world is also becoming highly
interconnected through the movement of
people and the transport of goods locally to
globally
Geographical Globalization is defined as
the set of processes (economic, social,
cultural, technological, and institutional)
that contributes to the relationship
between societies and individuals around
the world. It is a progressive process by
which exchanges and flows between
different parts of the world are intensified.
Positive and Negative
Effects of Globalization
 Positive Negative
It creates The growth of
opportunities for international trade has
countries to connect worsened income
to other countries for inequalities between
larger markets. developed, developing
and underdeveloped
countries.
 Positive Negative
This can lead to more Global commerce is
access capital flows, increasingly dominated
technology, human by transnational
capital, cheaper corporations which seek
imports and larger to maximize profits
export markets. without regard for the
development needs of
individual countries.
 Positive Negative
It allows businesses Competitions among
to become part of developing countries are
international races which dangerously
production networks lower environmental
and supply chains of standards.
different countries.
 Positive Negative
It allows workers to Parents and children can
migrate from their spend a decade apart,
homelands in poorer where they pass their
countries to more responsibilities to
developed countries grandparents.
to find work.
 Positive Negative
Technologies are Many developing
introduced to make a countries do not have
narrower product strict rules about
more efficiently. environmental
protection, resulting in
serious air, water, and
soil pollution.
Interconnections of
People and Nations
Globalization leads to
interconnectedness of
people and nations,
Where people refers to a group of people
with commonality, such as religion, culture
and language who lives in a specific area,
while nation refers to a larger group of
people organized in a specific place, which
embodied an independent government of
its country where they can decide on their
own.
COLLABORATION AND
COOPERATION
Collaboration is a practice
used at various workplaces
which allows several people
or groups to work together
to complete a task and
achieve the same goal.
Collaboration involves two or
more people working in an
organization to use internet to
view or share the documents
and the content of various
other types with each other to
achieve a common goal.
Cooperation is a process that allows
various people or groups of people
or organizations to act or work on
the same project for mutual benefit
instead of competing with each
other for the benefit of every
individual.
Though the goal of every participant
in cooperation is the same but their
interests are individual. It is based
on “you help me and I help you” in
achieving a common goal for the
benefit of both of us individually.
COOPERATION COLLABORATION
COOPERATION COLLABORATION