The Cultural

Communities in
Luzon
Who are the Cultural Communities in
Luzon?

IVATAN
Who are Ivatans?
• From the northernmost
islands of the Philippines in
the province of Batanes.
• They are known to live off
the gifts of their lands and
seas through fishing,
farming, hunting, fabric-
weaving, and handicraft-
making.
Who are Ivatans?
• Since Batanes is surrounded
by an impressive wide blue
sea, the Ivatans weave fishing
nets called sagap. They are
also into boat-making.
• The Ivatans are known to live
a very peaceful and simple
way of life.
What are the Attire
and Accessories of
the Ivatans?
• The Ivatan females wear a unique
headgear called vakul, which
protects them from the heat of the
sun and drenching rain.
• The vakul is made from a local palm
called voyavoy.
• Cogon grass and abaca fibers are
also used to create this eco friendly
wearable headdress.
• The Ivatan male’s raincoat called
kanayi is made from the same local
palm or plants.
IFUGAO
 Who are the Ifugaos?
• The Ifugaos are the people in
the province of Ifugao in the
Cordillera Mountain Ranges of
Central Luzon.
• Their name is supposed to come
from the word ipugo which
means “from the hill” hence
they are called “inhabitants of
the known earth”
 Who are the Ifugaos?
• Their name is associated with the
popular man-made Banaue Rice
Terraces which was hailed as a
UNESCO World Heritage site.
• The rice terraces which show the
Ifugao’s knowledge in
engineering, agricultural
terracing and farming have been
there across generations.
 What are the attire
and body accessories
of the Ifugaos?
•The clothing of
the Ifugao is
woven from
looms.
•Ifugao males wear
the traditional
attire called
wanno, a form of
loincloth.
•The Ifugao
females wear a
wrap-round skirt
called tapis.
BONTOC
 Who are the Bontocs?
• The bontoc people hail
from the provinces of
Ifugao, Benguet, Kalinga
Apayao, and Mountain
Province in the
Cordillera Administrative
Region (CAR)
 Who are the Bontocs?
• They are traditionally
headhunters using dogs to
trap pigs into pits, snare
birds and cats, and hunt
wild carabaos.
• They use nets and traps in
fishing. They also divert
streams to catch fish.
 What are the attire and
accessories of the Bontocs?
• Similar to the Ifugaos,
the Bontoc men wear
loincloths. They have
elaborately tattooed
patterns on each side of
their chest, shoulders,
arms indicating the
number of enemies they
have defeated.
• They wear earrings
made of wood tied on
a string.
• Bontoc women wear short
wrap-round skirt and tiny,
decorated geometrically-
patterned hats where they
usually put their pipe and
tobacco.
• Just like bontoc women, the
men also wear earrings
made of wood tied on a
string.
KALINGA
 Who are the Kalingas?
• The Kalinga cultural
communities are found in
the Cordillera Region in
North Luzon.
• They live in the mountain
ranges within the
Cordillera Central of the
Cordillera Administrative
Region (CAR)
 Who are the Kalingas?
• The Kalinga’s main sources of
livelihood are their rice fields
and farms.
• They are engaged in
agriculture.
• The weapons of the Kalingas
carry tattoo designs painted in
the shields. Some Kalinga
people are expert
mambabatok.
 What are the attire and
accessories of the Kalingas?
• The Kalinga women’s
traditional attires are
composed of a blouse,
skirt pendant with
beads, and necklace.
• They also use
headbands made of
beads.
• The Kalinga women’s
traditional attires are
composed of a blouse,
skirt pendant with
beads, and necklace.
• They also use
headbands made of
beads.
• Today, however they
wear blouses, T-
shirts, or modern
classes.
GADDANG
Who are the Gaddangs?
• The Gaddangs are
mostly found in
Central Isabela,
Nueva Vizcaya,
Quirino, and
Cagayan in
Northern Luzon.
• The Gaddangs are
engaged in meaningful
events that bind the
Cauayeno’s aspirations
to develop the City of
Cauayan and the whole
province of Isabela.
• Like most of our cultural
communities, the
Gaddangs are engaged in
farming. They plant rice,
tobacco, sweet potato,
banana, papaya, green
peas and other fruits and
vegetables.
• They also engage
themselves in hunting
and fishing to sustain
their needs.
• Gaddang men and
women raise goats,
cows, pigs, and chickens
as well.
 What are the attire
and accessories of the
Gaddangs?
• The Gaddang women’s
attire include tapis and a
long-sleeved waist-
length blouse.
• They are fond of
colorful necklaces,
wristbands, and
bracelets made of copper
and beads.
• The males wear
loincloths and
kerchiefs with intricate
designs.
ELEMENTS OF ART
 Lines
• There are two kinds of lines that are
common among the cultural communities
in Luzon. Organic and inorganic.
• Organic lines form an irregular shape.
These lines are commonly seen in nature
such as coconut and banana leaves.
• Inorganic lines are straight and form a
geometric shape.
• Examples of these lines are the beaded
necklaces, wristbands, and bracelets of
Gaddangs.
 Shapes
• The attire and body accessories of the
cultural communities in Luzon use
different shapes like circle, triangle,
and square
• These shapes are often repeated or
alternated to form interesting designs.
 Colors
• The attire and body accessories of
the cultural communities in Luzon
have distinct and colorful
combinations that are easily
recognized as their own.