UNIT 4:

ENERGY, WORK & POWER

3.1 Energy – Mechanical Energy

3.2 Work
3.3 Energy Conversion Efficiency
3.4 Power
 LEARNING OUTCOME

Apply the concept of conservation of energy

in evaluating energy conversion efficiency
for typical engineering problems

Evaluate the amount of work and power

generated through various electrical and
mechanical processes
 MECHANICAL ENERGY

ENERGY OBJECT FORCE OBJECT

-Fuel
-Chemical -chain WORK
P.E from -weightlifter
food etc
MECHANICAL ENERGY

In the process of doing work, the object which is

doing the work exchanges energy with the object
upon which the work is done
The energy acquired by the objects upon which
work is done is known as mechanical energy
 MECHANICAL ENERGY

ME  K.E.  P.E. (J)

Mechanical energy is the energy which is
possessed by an object due to its motion or due to
its position.
Mechanical energy can be either kinetic energy
(energy of motion) or potential energy (stored
energy of position)

Total Energy, E  K.E.  P.E.  U (J)

The total energy, E for an object or a system is the

combination of its total mechanical energy (kinetic
and potential) and also its internal energy
 WORK

What something does whenever it transfers

energy from one form to another
By definition, work is a product of force and
distance, and its SI unit is Joule (J)

W  F  s  cos  (J), (Nm)

 Lets try :

Apply the work equation to determine the amount of work

done by the applied force in each of the three situations
described below.

Diagram A : Diagram C :
W = (100 N) * (5 m)* cos(0 W = (147 N) * (5 m) * cos(0
degrees) = 500 J degrees) = 735 J

Diagram B :
W = (100 N) * (5 m) * cos(30
degrees) = 433 J
1. re 1. QUESTION 1

F applied

Point A 10 meter Point B

Figure 1

By referring to Figure 1, an applied force of 40N pulls a box having 5 kg mass

from point A to B. If the coefficient friction between surface and table legs is 0.3;
find
i. work done by applied force
ii. work done by friction force
iii. work done by resultant force
(Use gravitational acceleration, g = 9.8 ms-2)
 POWER

The rate at which work is done

work Joule
P 
time sec

P  F v (W)
Who is the most powerful?
Lets try :

Two physics students, Will N. Andable and Ben

Pumpiniron, are in the weightlifting room. Will lifts
the 100 kg barbell over his head 10 times in one
minute; Ben lifts the 100 kg barbell over his head 10
times in 10 seconds.

Which student does the most work?

______________
Which student delivers the most power?
______________
ENERGY CONVERSION EFFICIENCY

A measure of performance for a device or a

system

Measured _ Output
 x100 (%)
Given _ Input
QUESTION

A bulb is provided with 200kJ of

electrical energy but only produces
30kJ of light. Calculate the efficiency
of the light?
LETS REFRESH:
NEXT LESSONS:

UNIT 4:
FLUID MECHANICS