LOCK OUT & TAGOUT

HSES Training Center

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Why do you think we have LOTO?

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 Why we use LOTO!

• Protect People, Equipment and the Environment.

• Positive isolation of hazardous energy sources

• Defines responsibilities, task and work location.

• Communication, documentation and tracking.

• Consistency in application

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What could happen if you
do not follow LOTO?

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 Piper Alpha

A condensate pump in the processing area needed to have its

pressure safety valve checked every 18 months, and the time
had come.

The valve was removed, leaving a hole in the pump where it

had been. Because the workers could not get all the
equipment they needed by 6:00 PM, they asked for and
received permission to leave the rest of the work until the next
day.

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 Piper Alpha

Later in the evening during the next work shift, a little

before 10:00 PM, the primary condensate pump
failed.

The people in the control room, who were in charge

of operating the platform, decided to start the backup
pump, not knowing that it was under maintenance.

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On July 6, 1988, 167 lives
perished on the Piper
Alpha Platform, located in
the icy North Sea.

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LOTO provides positive isolation of
hazardous stored energy sources before
work is to be done.

 Electrical
 Mechanical
 Thermal
 Chemical

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 Electrical Energy Sources

• WHEN there is the

potential to be exposed to
live conductors.

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 Mechanical Energy Sources
WHEN there is the
potential to be exposed
To Rotating equipment
or machinery.

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 Thermal Energy Sources

WHEN there is the

potential to be exposed
to residual heat or high
temperatures.

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 Chemical Energy Sources

WHEN the potential

exists for chemical
exposure.

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 Equipment used in Lock Out Tag Out

• Locks • Multi-Hole Hasp

• Tags • Tie wraps
• Cables • Blinds/Spades
• Lockout board(s) • Blind Flanges

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 Types of Lock Out Devices

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 Locks, Keys and Tags

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 Locks, Keys and Tags

Completed Tag
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 LOCKOUT/TAGOUT

Lockout/Tag out

Covers the servicing and maintenance of

machines and equipment in which the
unexpected start-up or the release of stored
energy could cause injury to employees.
employees

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 LOCKOUT/TAGOUT

Lockout/Tag out

Tags will not be used alone without locks and

will clearly indicate the following:
• Name of the Authorized Person working on the equipment or process

• Date the lock and tag was installed

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 Responsibilities
Designated Person:

• Recognition and application of all methods

of isolation of all hazardous energy sources.

• Provide a colour coding system for the various

craftsmen which will clearly identify the
authorized person.

• Issuing of Permit to Work on equipment or

process after witnessing the isolation.

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 Responsibilities

Designated Person cont’d:

• Co-ordinate the continuation of isolation protection

through the shift or change of personnel.

• Ensure personnel carrying out work on isolated

equipment or process, are trained and qualified.

• Perform regular inspections and audits on the

isolation procedure and report to management any
improvements.

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 Responsibilities

Authorized Person
• Not to remove or install any isolations or tags on equipment
or process until approval in writing by the designated person
• Not to energize/de-energize any equipment or process
without written approval in the form of a Permit to Work from
the designated person.
• Have a complete understanding of the isolation procedures.
• Ensure all workers in the vicinity of isolations are notified.
• Ensure workers involved in repairs or maintenance are
trained and understand the controls and the hazards
involved.

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 Multi-Group Isolation
LOCKOUT/TAGOUT
Before Isolation of equipment/process the Authorized Person
will:
• Locate and identify all energized points and devices.
(Circuit breakers, valves etc.)
• Apply for a permit to isolate equipment/process from the
Designated Person
• Give advance notice to all personnel working on the same
equipment/process and those working in close proximity to
the scheduled for isolation.
• Install Lock Out/Tag Out devices in the presence of the
Designated Person, this is to prevent the equipment from
being activated while work is being carried out.

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 Multi-Group Isolation
LOCKOUT/TAGOUT cont’d
efore Isolation of equipment/process the Designated Person will:

determine numbers of personnel working on the same

equipment/process.

provide a Lock Out Adapter when more than one group

of workers are working on the same equipment/process.

install his own lock to prevent the last group of Workers

leaving the work site and removing the lock without his prior
knowledge

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 Supplementary to Permit Number:
Isolation Certificate
Facility / Area: Exact Location:

Work to be Performed:

Equipment / Tools to be Used:

PART 1: APPLICATION (To be completed by Authorized Person / Isolator)

Item No. (valve, line Method of Isolation Date of Isolation Time of Isolation Name of Initial of *Temporary removed Signature of Issuing
number) Isolator Isolator Date / Time Authority

PART 2: APPROVAL (To be completed by the Issuing Authority / Area Superintendent)

I hereby certify and confirm the necessity for the isolation, lock-out / tag-out or block out of the above listed equipment, and that all necessary safety measures
and precautions were observed by the Authorized Process Isolator.

Name of the Issuing Authority / Area Superintendent:

Signature:

Date of Approval:

*Should Temporary removal be required, additional Permit to Work to be raided to cover the activity. Isolations to be replaced on completion.

PART 3: COMPLETION OF WORK (TO BE COMPLETED BY THE AUTHORIZED PERSON AND ISSUING AUTHORITY)

I hereby declare and confirm that all equipment, tools and materials have been removed from the work area and request permission to remove isolation, lock-
out / tag-out or block out devices for the purpose of re-energizing the equipment list in Part 1 above.

Signature of the Authorized Person: Date: Signature of the Issuing Authority: Date:

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 LOCKOUT/TAGOUT

Definitions
Authorized employee:

Any employee who performs servicing or

maintenance on machines and equipment.

Lockout or tagout is used by these employees

for their own protection.

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 LOCKOUT/TAGOUT

Definitions

Affected employee:
Any employee who performs the duties of
his or her job in an area in which the energy
control procedure is implemented and
servicing or maintenance operations are
performed.

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Preferred methods for isolating a gas, liquid or
vapor process stream are :

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The “Fatal Five” Main Causes of Lockout/Tagout Injuries

• Failure to stop equipment

• Failure to disconnect from power source

• Failure to dissipate (bleed, neutralize) residual

energy

• Accidental restarting of equipment

• Failure to clear work area before restarting

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 HOW MOST INJURIES OCCUR

• Injured by Moving Machinery Part.

• Made Contact With Energized Part.

• Injured by Physical Hazard (Heat, Chemicals).

• Injured by Falling Machine Part.

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 CAUSES OF INJURY

1. Un-jamming Objects From Equipment

2. Cleaning Equipment

3. Repairing Equipment

4. Performing routine maintenance

5. Installing Equipment

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 CAUSES OF INJURY cont’d

6. Adjusting Equipment

7. Performing Electrical Work

8. Inspecting Equipment

9. Testing Materials

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 REASONS FOR EQUIPMENT NOT BEING TURNED OFF

• Afraid of slow down in production.

• Afraid It would take too long.

• Worker did not know power was on.

• Worker did not now how to turn off equipment ON OFF

• Did not think it was necessary.

SYSTEM
CONTROL
SWITCH

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 When using TAGOUT please remember:

• Tags are only warning devices!

• Tags must be securely attached!
• May evoke false sense of security!
• Tags do not provide physical restraint!
• Tags must never be ignored!
• Must withstand environmental conditions!
• Must be legible and understandable!

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 RELEASE FROM LOCKOUT/TAGOUT

THE AUTHORIZED EMPLOYEE MUST:

1. Inspect Work Area For Hazards

2. Clear all employees

3. Notify All Affected Employees

4. Remove Isolations, only after receiving approval

in writing by the designated person.

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 KEY ELEMENTS TO AN EFFECTIVE PROGRAM

1. Develop and Strictly Adhere to LO/TO Procedures.

2. Establish and Enforce Safe Work Practices.

3. Ensure Proper Training and Supervision.

4. Strengthen and Modify Present Policies.

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