PHYSICAL self

FDaecvteolrospimn

th e
The development of the
e individual
n t ofis caused
the by two
interacting forces.
Physical Self
Heredity (nature)
◦ I t p ro vi d e s t h e r a w m a t e r i a l s of

w h i c h t h e i n d i v i d u a l i s m a d e up.
through the genes, hereditary
potentials like physical, mental,
social, emotional, a n d moral
traits
a re passed down to generations.
3
4
5
Environment (nurture)
◦ I t i s t h e s u m t o t a l of t h e f o r c e s o r
experiences that a person
u n d e r g o e s f r o m c o n c e p t i o n t o old
age. also includes family, friends,
school, nutrition, and other
a g e n c i e s o n e i s i n c o n t a c t with.
The Beginning of Life
Life begins at
fertilization
Fertilization refers to the meeting of the female sex
cell and the male sex cell. These sex cells are developed
in the reproductive organs called gonads. The male sex
cells called spermatozoa (singular: spermatozoon) are
produced in the male gonads called testes. On the other
hand, the female sex cells called ova are produced in the
female gonads known as ovaries. The fertilized egg cell

known as zygote contains all the hereditary potentials

from the parents. This zygote goes to the uterus and
continues to grow during the gestation period of about

280 days or 36 weeks or 9 calendar months.

Each parent contributes one sex chromosome to the
off spring A male parent may pass either an X or a Y
chromosome while female always gives the X
chromosome. When an X chromosome comes from the
father and meets the X chromosome from the mother,
the resulting combination is XX which indicates a female
offspring. However, when the father produces a Y
chromosome which pairs with the X chromosome from
the mother, the resulting combination is XY, signifying a
male offspring.
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Both male and female chromosomes contain several

thousands of genes. Genes are the true carriers
hereditary characteristics of the parents. of
gene is a substance called deoxyribonucleic Within
acid (DNA)
the
which is the code of heredity. It contains information and
instructions about the newly created organism, and
programs the traits that should be inherited. Maturation
is the unfolding of the inherent traits.
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Stages in the Life Span

An individual
undergoes definite

stages of development
In each phase, the
child experiences
certain developmental
characteristics to
prepare him/her for the
next.

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
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S TA GE S OF H U M A N DEVELOPMENT

D E V E L O P M E N T S TA G E AGE

Pre-natal period Conception to birth

Infancy Birth to end of the second week
Babyhood End of the second week to end of the
second year
Early childhood or preschool age Two to six years
Late childhood or elementary age Six to ten or twelve years
Puberty or preadolescence Twelve to thirteen or fourteen years
Adolescence Thirteen or fourteen to eighteen years
Early adulthood Eighteen to forty years
Middle age Forty to sixty years

Old age or senescence Sixty years to death

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Taking Care of My
Physical Self
Since the self is inseparable from
the body, you should take very
good care of your physical self.
Whether you plan to
lose, gain, or maintain
weight, the
important most thing
is to keep to do
yourself fit.
To achieve this goal, a
rigid plan has to be
made.
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B b a l a n c e d adTiet.
◦ olakee np
Eating a balanced diet means

ci non ts huemirni ght thepriogphotrkti ond. oOf fnoeo'ds

cfitnecessary
ef oaonddDheniiaunet rltti ehantket y,s
at t h e r ig h t t i ms he oaunld
one needs contain
to havethe
essential for growth and
a
diseases. It is also important to keep mealtimes
survival. Thisenjoyable.
pleasant and practice prevents
Thus, anmalnutrition and be
individual should
encouraged and motivated to eat more
nutritious food. It should also be
remembered that junk food
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ESSENTIAL FOOD NUTRIENTS
NUTRIENTS FUNCTIONS
Carbohydrates For supplying heat and
energy to the body
Protein For building and repairing
broken or worn-out tissues
Fats For maintaining heat and
energy for the body
Vitamins and Minerals For healthy skin and hair, as
well as for aiding the normal
functioning of the body
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SOURCES AMOUNT OF
SERVING PER MEAL
Starchy food, bread, 1
1 to 1 cup of rice 1 to 2
4
rice, tubers, cereals,
pieces of corn in cob
and their products
Legumes and by- 1
to
3
cup
2 4
products; meat, fish,
2 to 3 pieces of meat
poultry, and by-product;
1 glass of milk
milk and milk products
Margarine, nuts, oil, 1 tablespoon of
butter, cheese, and by- vegetable oil and its
products equivalent
3
All kinds of fruits and to 1 cup of vegetables
4
vegetables; internal
1 slice of big fruit
organs like liver,
gizzard, spleen, etc. 1 piece of small fruit
 19

W
◦
Aa t e r
g l a sns e s of waterin every
di vidua
day. l It should
allows the
body
drink to function
at effi ciently.
least It
e i galso
h t washes
away wastes to keep the skin clear and
healthy. With a high-protein diet, the body
utilizes the water properly and avoids water
retention. Liquids such as coffee, tea, or milk
should not be counted as water. Although
they contain lots of water, there is also a
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SlSel eee p pgi ve s t h e bones, muscles, a n d

◦

t h e m i n d t i m e to recover. A n i n d i v i d u a l
n e e d s e i g h t or
m o r e h o u r s of slee p a day.
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A soft a n d l u m p y m a t t r e s s
s h o u l d be r e p l a c ed w i t h a f i r m e r
one. A n o t h e r w a y to i m p r o v e t h e
b e d is to r a i s e t h e l o w e r p a r t of
t h e m a t t r e s s so a s to e l e v a t e t h e
feet. I t is a n ideal position
because t h e blood flows
towards the heart back
from the feet. aMoreover,
nd away

shleelepppi nr geveonnt

voanreicoSsteovmeainchs frcoamn
developing a s well as other
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