SESSION 3.

2
Causality Analysis
 SESSION OBJECTIVES

▪ Develop a CAUSALITY ANALYSIS of the

identified problem/s on CICL based on the
general summary statement of the problem.
OBJECTIVE of WORKSHOP: Draft CBJIP

THE ROAD TOWARDS THE WORKSHOP OBJECTIVE

SITUATION RESULTS-
CAUSALITY THEORY OF CHANGE
ANALYSIS OF BASED
ANALYSIS CHANGE STRATEGIES
CICL/CAR FRAMEWORK
 What is CAUSALITY ANALYSIS?

CAUSALITY ANALYSIS seeks to better understand the

reasons why children commit crimes.

It is important to identify and understand these reasons

because these are what you need to address in order to
solve the problem later on.
 IMPORTANT BASIC ASSUMPTIONS
▪ Nobody is born a law breaker, drug abuser, malnourished, stunted,
violent, victim, bully, bobo, drop-out, etc. (Walang batang likas na-)

▪No such thing as criminal genes, violent genes, bobo genes,

stunting genes, etc... (Hindi namamana ang masamang gawain …)

▪Child offenders do not just become offenders overnight; a child

does not become malnourished overnight. Etc…

▪CIRCUMSTANCES around a child DEFINE what he or she will

become, thus CAUSALITY ANALYSIS.
CAUSALITY ANALYSIS USING SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL MODEL
Demand Side
(Family Side)

Supply Side
(Community
Side)

i ly
a m
F y
n i t Enabling
m u
m Environment
Co y (Local Structures)
i et
c
So
CAUSALITY ANALYSIS identify the factors that cause
children to become CICL.

In CAUSALITY ANALYSIS, we identify the reasons that

push children to become CICL and analyze if there are
initiatives that respond to CICL or that prevent them from
becoming CICL.

(1) Family side,

(2) Community side, and
(3) Local Structures side.
 CAUSALITY ANALYSIS - EXAMPLE
Levels of
Analysis Questions for Analysis
∙ What are the factors in the
families that push children to
1.FAMILY become CICL?
SIDE ∙ What are the practices, beliefs
that may push children to
become CICL?
∙ Are the parents aware of
children’s rights?
∙ Do children have the knowledge
and skills to resist temptations to
become CICL?
∙ Are the children’s basic needs
adequately met?
Some of the reasons or causes
might be the following:
▪ Parents physically abuse their
children that drive them away
from their houses.
▪ Parents are not aware of child
rights.
▪ Children steal money to help their
poor parents
▪ Children’s basic needs are not met
at home.
 Causality Analysis - Example
Levels of
Analysis Questions for Analysis Some of the reasons or causes
might be the following:
▪ Are there adequate services for ▪ Children are influenced by
2. Community CICL? bad peers in the Barangay.
Side ▪ Are there available facilities ▪ There is no protocol in
catering to CICL? management of CICL and
▪ Is there a protocol/system on CAR
management of CICL? ▪ There limited opportunities
▪ Are the service providers in the community for play
properly trained? and recreation.
▪ Is there coordination, networking ▪ Services for children are
among agencies? insufficient
 Causality Analysis of CICL Template – cont.
Levels of
Analysis Questions for Analysis
▪ Are there adequate laws promoting
3. Local and protecting children’s rights?
Structure SIDE ▪ Are relevant laws on children (e.g.
RA 9344) effectively enforced?
▪ Are there enough local budget for
CICL?
▪ Are the relevant structures on
children functional? LCPC?
▪ How supportive are the local
leaders (LCE) to CICL program?
▪ Is the 1% mandatory allocation for
LCPC being used properly?
Some of the reasons or causes
might be the following:
▪ The LGU has no ordinance
protecting children.
▪ Laws on children are not
implemented in the LGU
▪ The are no facilities for
children in the locality.
▪ The 1% mandatory allocation
for children is not being used
properly.
▪ The LGU has no Development
Plan for Children.
Group Work 2
Come up with a Causality Analysis on CICL/CAR

Instructions:
1. Enumerate the factors that cause children to become
CICL or that cause CICL to increase. Concentrate on the
level that you will be assigned. Please use the template.
2. Same moderator, same documentor.
3. After one hour, each group will be given a chance to
present their output. Others can provide inputs.
Group 1.

Factors that cause children to become CICL

Levels of Analysis and Reasons why the number of CICL is
increasing
Family Side
Group 2.

Factors that cause children to become CICL

Levels of Analysis and Reasons why the number of CICL is
increasing
Community Side
Group 3.

Factors that cause children to become CICL

Levels of Analysis and Reasons why the number of CICL is
increasing
LGU Side
Transpose the causality analysis into a problem tree.
 SAMPLE: CAUSALITY ANALYSIS OF CICL/CAR IN THE LGU of …

Problem Statement: The number of CICL is increasing in the LGU

of_____ from 25 in 2019 to 75 in June 2020.

FAMILY COMMUNITY
SIDE LGU SIDE
SIDE

Parents physically Children influenced no ordinance

abuse their children by bad peers protecting children

Parents are not No protocol on Laws on children are

aware of child rights handling CICL/CAR not implemented

Children steal money limited opportunities 1% allocation for

to help parents for play/recreation. children unused
Services for children
Children’s basic No Development
are insufficient
needs not met . Plan for Children.
 CAUSALITY ANALYSIS OF CICL/CAR IN THE CITY/MUNICIPALITY OF __________
Problem Statement: Factors that cause children to become CICL
and Reasons why the number of CICL is increasing

FAMILY COMMUNITY
SIDE LGU SIDE
SIDE

Lack of monitoring by some barangay

Lack of activities for youth and children

Lack of implementation of barangay

ordinances

No respect in person Authority in

Barangay

Lack of implementation of barangay

ordinances
No respect in person Authority in
Barangay
End of SESSION 3
Situational Analysis
and Causality Analysis