Endocrine system

(Diabetes mellitus)

Done by:
Aya ahmed abdelaty mohamed abdelfattah 201800599
Arwa khamis gomaa aboyosef 201800270
Ahmed Ibrahim fayed 201800238
Mohamed mahmoud mahmoud elashry 201802051
Fatma yasser moahmed salahelden daabis 201902391
What’s diabetes mellitus?
 Diabetes mellitus, commonly known as
diabetes, is a metabolic disease that causes high
blood sugar. There are a few different types of
diabetes:
 Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease. The immune
system attacks and destroys cells in the pancreas, where
insulin is made. It’s unclear what causes this attack.
About 10 percent of people with diabetes have this type.
 Type 2 diabetes occurs when your body becomes resistant
to insulin, and sugar builds up in your blood
 Prediabetes occurs when your blood sugar is higher than
normal, but it’s not high enough for a diagnosis of type 2
diabetes.
 Gestational diabetes is high blood sugar during
pregnancy.
Blood sugar levels of
normal,prediabetic,and diabetic
individual:
 Symptoms of diabetes mellitus:
 Frequent urination.
 Excessive thirst.
 Unexplained weight loss.
 Extreme hunger.
 Sudden vision changes.
 Tingling or numbness in the hands or feet.
 Feeling very tired much of the time.
 Very dry skin.
 Sores that are slow to heal.
 More infections than usual(low immune resistance).
 The common oral manifestations related to
diabetes include:
 Xerostomia.
 Dental caries.
 Gingivitis.
 Periodontal disease.
 Increased tendency to oral infections.
 Burning mouth.
 Taste disturbance.
 Poor wound healing
 Possible complications of diabetes mellitus:
 Cardiovascular disease.
 Nerve damage (neuropathy).
 Kidney damage (nephropathy).
 Eye damage (retinopathy).
 Foot damage.
 Skin conditions.
 Hearing impairment.
 Alzheimer's disease.
Reference
 https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-c
auses/syc-20371444
 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290649146_Oral_Manifesta
tions_of_Diabetes
 https://www.ucsfhealth.org/conditions/diabetes-mellitus/symptoms
 https://www.healthline.com/health/diabetes