1.

What do we know?
m1 = mass of the object = 8 kg
m2 = mass of the earth = 5.98 × 1024 kg
d = distance between the center of the earth and
the center of the object = 6370 km
G = 6.67 x 10-11 Nm2/kg2
24
m1m 2 11
(8)(5.98x10 )
Fg  G Fg  6.67 x10
d2 (6,370,000)2
Fg = 78.6 N
REMEMBER
This could have been solved in a g = 9.8 m/s2 is only
much easier manner . . . . valid for an object
ON THE EARTH”S
Fg = mg = (8)(9.8) = 78.4 N SURFACE
 2. What do we know?
m1 = mass of Saturn = 5.69 x 1026 kg Fg = 3.74 x 1022 N
m2 = mass of the sun = 2.0 × 1030 kg
d = distance between the center of Saturn and
the center of the sun = 9.5 AU
Fg = ?;T = ? s
1 AU = 1.5 x 10 8
km
R 3
Gm d = 1.425 x 10 m 12

2
 2 This could have been solved in a
T 4 much easier manner . . . .
12 3 11 30 3 3
(1.425x10 ) 6.67 x10 (2.0 x10 ) R1 R2
2
 
T 4 2 T1
2
T2
2

REMEMBER
This equation is
(9.5)3 (1)3
T =9.25 x 108 s 2
 2
only valid for two T (1)
objects ORBITING
29.3 years THE SAME 29.3 years
CENTRAL BODY
3.
What do we know?
Fg = force of attraction between earth and moon = 1.9 x 1020 N
m1 = mass of the earth = 5.98 × 1024 kg
d = distance between the center of earth and
the center of the moon = 3.9 x 105 km
G = 6.67 x 10-11 Nm2/kg2 24
20 11 (5.98x10 )(m 2 )
m1m 2 1.9 x10  6.67 x10 8 2
Fg  G (3.9x10 )
d2
m2 = 7.2 x 1022 kg
3
R Gm (3.9 x108 )3 6.67 x10 11 (5.98x10 24 )
2
 2 2

T 4 T 4 2

T = 2.4 x 106 s = 28 days

4.
m1 = 1.67 x 10-27 kg m1m 2
m2 = 9.11 × 10-31 kg
Fg  G
d2
d = 0.528 x 10-10 m 27 31
11 (1 .67 x10 )(9 .11 x10 )
G = 6.67 x 10 Nm /kg Fg  6.67 x10
-11 2 2
10 2
(.528x10 )
5.
Fg = 5.42 x 10-71 N
d = 1.00 m Fg = 3.64 x 10-47 N
m 1 = m2 = ?

m1m 2 (m1 )(m 2 )

Fg  G 5.42 x 10 -71
 6.67 x10 11
d2 (1.0) 2
m1 = m2 (m)(m) = m2
( m 2)
m = 9.0 x 10-31 kg
5.42 x 10-71  6.67 x1011
(1.0) 2
6. F g = 4.0 x 10 -8
N
d = 0.30 m m1m 2
Fg  G
m 1 = m2 = ? d2
radius of Saturn =60,280 km
-8 11 (m1 )(m 2 )
4.0 x 10  6.67 x10 2
(0.3)
( m 2)
4.0 x 10-8  6.67 x10 11 2 m = 7.3 kg
(0.3)
24
( 7.3)(5 .98 x10 )
Fg  6.67 x10 11 EARTH Fg = 72 N
(6,370,000) 2
26
( 7. 3)(5 .69 x10 )
Fg  6.67 x10 11 SATURN Fg = 76 N
(60,268,000) 2
7. T = 23 hrs
m1 = 5.69 × 1026 kg
G = 6.67 x 10-11 Nm2/kg2

3
R Gm
2
 2
T 4 This is the radius
of the moon’s
R3 6.67 x10 11 (5.69 x10 26 ) orbit; we must
2
 subtract the
(82,800) 4 2 planet’s radius to
determine altitude
above the planet
R = 1.88 x 108 m
- 60,268,000 m
1.27 x 108 m = 127,000 km