Smoking and

Alcoholism
PRESENTATION BY ART PRENIQI AND ORGES KELANI –
XII/11
Smoking Tabacco
• Tobacco is made by drying leaves from tobacco
plants
• When people smoke tobacco, they burn it so they
can breathe it in or taste the smoke.
• Tobacco smoke contains many chemicals that are
harmful to smokers and non-smokers. Breathing even
small amounts of tobacco smoke can be harmful.
• Of the more than 7,000 chemicals in tobacco smoke,
at least 250 are known to be harmful, including
hydrogen cyanide, carbon monoxide, and ammonia.
Nicotine
Nicotine is a highly addictive chemical found in
cigarettes, chewing tobacco and vaping
products. Nicotine is the main reason why it is so
hard to quit smoking.
After nicotine is absorbed into the bloodstream,
it makes its way to the brain. Within seconds of
using tobacco, nicotine causes the release of
dopamine in the brain, which gives people a
good feeling.
Over time, the brain begins to crave that feeling
from nicotine and people need to use more and
more tobacco to get that same good feeling
Smoking and Health Risk
Overall, More than 480,000 deaths annually
(including deaths from secondhand smoke)
• Smokers are at greater risk for diseases that
affect the heart and blood vessels (cardiovascular
disease).
• Even people who smoke fewer than five
cigarettes a day can have early signs of
cardiovascular disease.
• Smoking damages blood vessels and can make
them narrow. This makes your heartbeat faster
and your blood pressure go up. Clots can also
form.
 Smoking and Cancer
Smoking can cause cancer almost anywhere in your body:
•Cervix
•Esophagus
•Kidney and ureter
•Larynx
•Liver
•Pancreas
•Stomach
•Trachea, bronchus, and lung
Smoking also increases the risk of dying from cancer and other diseases
in cancer patients and survivors.
If nobody smoked, one of every three cancer deaths in the United States
would not happen.
Second-Hand Smoking
Secondhand smoke is the combination of smoke from
the burning end of a cigarette and the smoke breathed
out by smokers. Secondhand smoke contains more than
7,000 chemicals.
For adults who never smoked, exposure to secondhand
smoke can cause lung cancer.
• People who do not smoke but are exposed to
secondhand smoke at home or at work increase their
risk of developing lung cancer by 20–30%.
• Secondhand smoke causes more than 7,300 lung
cancer deaths each year among U.S. adults who do not
smoke.
Health Benefits of
Quitting Smoking
Quitting smoking is one of the most important
actions people can take to improve their health.
This is true regardless of their age or how long they
have been smoking
Quitting smoking:
• improves health status and enhances quality of
life.
• Quitting smoking is the single best way to protect
family members, coworkers, friends, and others
from the health risks associated with breathing
secondhand smoke
 What is alcoholism, or alcohol use
Alcoholism has been known by a lot of terms,
including alcohol abuse and alcohol
dependence. Today, it’s referred to as alcohol
use disorder.
It occurs when you drink so much that your
body eventually becomes dependent on or
addicted to alcohol. When this happens,
alcohol becomes the most important thing in
your life.
People that use alchol will continue to
drink even when drinking causes negative
consequences, like; losing a job or
destroying relationships with people they
love.
They may know that their alcohol
use negatively affects their lives, but it’s
often not enough to make them stop
drinking.
 What are the risk factors?
- more than 15 drinks per week if you’re male
- more than 12 drinks per week if you’re female
- more than 5 drinks per day at least once a week (binge
drinking)
- a parent with alcohol use disorder
- a mental health problem, such as depression
or schizophrenia
You may also be at a greater risk
for alcohol use disorder if you:

- a young adult experiencing

peer pressure
- experience a high level of stress
- live in a family or culture where alcohol
use is common and accepted
- have a close relative with alcohol
use disorder
How can you prevent alcohol use
disorder?
You can prevent alcohol use disorder by limiting your alcohol intake.
According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and
AlcoholismTrusted Source, women shouldn’t drink more than one drink
per day, and men shouldn’t drink more than two drinks per day.
If there are friends or other people in your life that you drink with, you
may want to take some time away from them while you’re working on
creating new, sober habits. At least, let them know that you want to
quit drinking so they can be supportive.