AUTOMOBILE

LBRICATION OF ENGINES
OIL PUMPS
 Its function is to
supply oil pressure to
the various engine
parts. It is generally
place inside the
crank case below the
oil level. The pump is
driven from camshaft
through a skew gear.
TYPES OF PUMPS
1. Gear pump.
2. Crescent type gear pump.
3. Rotor pump.
4. Plunger pump.
5. Vane pump.
 Gear Pump
 This is mostly used in engines. It consist
of 2 spur gear mesh with each other. 1
gear is mounted on stub shaft and the
other gear is driven by cam shaft.
Gear Pump
 The oil is transport
from the inlet to the
outlet side in gear
spaces between the
gear teeth as shown
in figure and the
discharge is through
the outlet port
Crescent type gear pump
In this an internal gear is in mesh with a
external gear which is mounted
eccentrically with respect to the ring
gear. Due to this eccentricity. There is
a space b/t 2 gears where is crescent
shaped spacer is placed as shown in
figure.
Crescent type gear pump
Due to rotation of the gears, a suction is
produced at the inlet port. This oil is then
trapped in tooth spaces, and is thus carried
towards the out side of crescent where it is
discharged in to output port.
This occupies very small space
and is driven directly by mean of gear on
crank shaft
Rotor pump
 This type of pump is
now widely used in
automobiles. In this
two gears mesh
internally. A is the
external rotor having
one lobes more than
the internal rotor B.
The axis of rotation of
2 rotors are different.
Rotor pump
Rotor B gets its drive from the engine
and cause rotor A to rotate along with it.
Oil enters the pump through inlet port
and transport by the lobes from inlet to
outlet. This is 25% more efficient and
compact than Gear pump.
This is also quite in running because of
the less no of teeth in mesh.
Plunger Pump

This is reciprocating
type of engine in
which the oil gets
transport from inlet
to outlet by suction
of plunger. This was
once used in splash
lubrication, but is
obsolete now.
Vane Pump
This consist of a cylindrical housing, and
a drive rotor is eccentrically mounted
with this. The rotor consists a no. of
vanes in the rotor slot, these vanes can
slide back and forth into these slots and
its movement is guided by means of
control rings.
OIL FILTERS
It is necessary to remove impurities present in
oil to avoid permanent damage of moving
parts.

Oil filters are of 2 types

1. Primary Filters
2. Secondary Filters
Primary Filters

Also known as surface filter and installed on

the inlet side of the oil pump.

Secondary Filter
The secondary filter is installed on the outlet
side of the oil pump and impurities are
retained along the depth of the material. It is
also called depth material

Types of Secondary Filter

Cartridge type
Edge type
Centrifugal type
Cartridge type
In this type of filter the
impure oil is made to
pass through the
filtering element, which
take up all the
impurities. Then pure oil
is goes to the porous
metallic tube from
where is goes to out let
for circulation. A drain
plug is also provided.
Edge type oil filter
It is also called the
stack type. In this
the oil is made to
pass through a
number of closely
spaced discs. The
impurities are left
on the disc because
of the small
distance.
Edge type oil filter
The alternate discs are mounted
over a central spindle, while the discs in
between these are attached to a separate
fixed spindle as shown. The clearance
between two successive discs is a few
microns. The oil is made to flow through the
spaces between these discs and because of
the very small spaces involved the impurities
are left on the disc
Centrifugal type
In this the impure or
dirty oil from the
engine enters the
hollow central
spindle having holes
around its periphery
as shown in figure
Centrifugal type
The dirty oil comes out of these holes and fills the
rotor casing after which it passes down the tubes A at
the ends of which jets are attached. The oil under
pressure passes through these jets, the reaction of
which gives the motion to the rotor casing in the
opposite direction so that it starts rotating. The oil
strikes on the outer stationary casing under heavy
pressures, where the impurities are retained and
clean oil falls below from where it is taken out. The
working speed of the rotor is usually between 2000
and 7000 rpm.