CLIMATE CHANGE

CONTENTS
01 What is Climate Change

02 Cause and Effect of Climate Change

03 Expected Impact of Climate Change

04 Climate Change Cycle

05 Factors that Influence Climate Change

06 Example of Climate Change

What is Climate Change?

Climate change is a change in the pattern of weather,

and related changes in oceans, land surfaces and ice
sheets, that have come to define Earth’s local, regional
and global climates and occurring over time scales of
decades or longer.

Human activities, especially emissions of heat-trapping

greenhouse gases from fossil fuel combustion,
deforestation, and land-use change, are the primary
driver of the climate changes observed in the industrial
era.
 What Is Climate Change?
Climate change is a change in the average temperature and cycles of
weather over a long period of time.

Since 1880, scientists have 1.5

Temperature Anomaly (°C)

kept thermometer-based

Data source: NASA's Goddard Institute

records of the global 1.0
surface temperature.

for Space Studies (GISS)

0.5
What is happening to the
global temperature?
0
The planet is becoming
warmer; the climate is -0.5
changing.
1888

1904

1920

1936

1952

1968

1984
1880

1896

1912

1928

1944

1960

1976

1992
2000
2008
2016
Year
 Why Is Climate Change a Problem?
Climate change disrupts weather patterns and causes extreme weather
events to become more common. These include hurricane activity,
droughts and floods.
As the global temperature has increased, so has the number of reported
natural disasters.
Number of Reported Natural Disasters

600

Data source: EM-DAT International Disaster Database

500

400

300

200

100

0
1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020
Year
 What is the Causes and Effects of Climate
Change?
Climate change can be caused gradually by natural processes or suddenly by
large events, such as a massive meteorite strike or volcanic activity. However,
the rapid climate change we are experiencing now is due to three main
human activities:
 Burning fossil fuels for heating and
cooking, generating electricity and
powering vehicles releases carbon
dioxide into the atmosphere.
 Deforestation (destruction of forests)
releases carbon dioxide and reduces Untitled by © Sam Hobson / WWF-UK licensed under CC BY
the number of trees able to capture
carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
 Reduction of biodiversity creates an
unstable ecosystem. Nature loss leads
to ecosystems that are less able to
capture carbon from the atmosphere
and less resilient to rising temperatures. Deforestation for future agriculture plantation-Tahuamanu
Province, heading to Centro Poblado de Alerta - Madre de Dios
Region, Peru by © Nicolas Villaume / WWF-US licensed under CC BY
 Why Is Climate Change a Problem?
Coral Bleaching Species Loss
99%
99 20
100 18 2°C 1.5°C

Percentage Coral Loss

90 18
16 2°C

Percentage Species Loss

80 16
70
70 14
60 12
50
10
40 8
8 8
30
6
6
20
4 4
10
0 2
1.5 2
0
Temperature Rise (°C)
Bleached coral, Maldives by Untitled by © Ola Jennersten insects plants vertebrates
© naturepl.com / Peter Scoones / WWF licensed under CC BY / WWF-Sweden licensed under CC BY

Drought Rise in Sea Level

Million People Affected

410 49
Sea Level Rise (cm)
420 50
410
million 58 56 million
49
56 cm
410 56 49
400 54 48
390 52
47
380 50 46 million
48 46
370 48
46 45
360 350
million 44 44
350 1.5 2 1.5 2
340 Temperature Rise (°C) Temperature Rise (°C)
330
320
1.5 2
Dried up fishing pans in Liuwa plain
Temperature Rise (°C)
National Park by © Jasper Doest / WWF licensed under CC BY Climate change adaption Wadden sea by © Claudi Nir / WWF licensed under CC BY
Industrial processes
These total emissions for industrial
process are comprised of: (Fischer dick,
Roy et al. 2014)
•Direct energy-related CO2 emissions
for industry
• Indirect CO2 emissions from
production of electricity and heat for
industry
•Process CO2 emissions
•Non-CO2 GHG emissions
•Direct emissions for waste/wastewater
 Why Is Climate Change a Problem?
The increase in global temperatures is causing a reduction in sea ice.
This causes problems for animals that depend on the ice to hunt, mate and sleep.

Untitled by © Shutterstock / Ritesh Chaudhary / WWF licensed under CC BY

 Who Causes Climate Change?
The 50 least developed countries are thought to have contributed 1% of the
greenhouse gases that have caused global warming. The USA, the EU and
China alone have contributed around 60%.

South America
Africa Oceania

North
America
Asia

Europe
EXPECTED IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE

* Decrease water availability

* Increase flooding events
* Sea level rise
*More intense storms
*Increase pest and disease
*Loss of revenue
*Longer dry periods
*Increased risk to food security
Impacts on Agriculture

*Damage to crops of storms

*Government revenue declines and loss of livelihoods
*Death of livestock from drought

Impacts on fisheries

*Loss of high value shellfish such as conch

*Habitat distruction
Changes in migratory patterns and other behaviors
Climate Change Cycle
Factors that influence Climate Change

Temperature Precipitation

Topography
Humidity

Latitude and
Solar Radiation Elevation

Wind and Ocean

Currents
Examples:

*We see climate change affecting our planet

from pole to pole.
Global temperatures rose about 1.8°F (1°C)
from 1901 to 2020.

*Sea level rise has accelerated from 1.7

mm/year throughout most of the twentieth
century to 3.2 mm/year since 1993.

*Glaciers are shrinking: average thickness of

30 well-studied glaciers has decreased more
than 60 feet since 1980.
Examples:

*The area covered by sea ice in the Arctic at

the end of summer has shrunk by about 40%
since 1979.

*The amount of carbon dioxide in the

atmosphere has risen by 25% since 1958,
and by about 40% since the Industrial
Revolution.

*Snow is melting earlier compared to long-

term averages.
 Who Can Fix It?
Governments can make laws and policies that reduce the amount
of greenhouse gas emissions.

Businesses can change their processes to run more sustainably.

We can all make choices in our own lives that reduce our carbon footprint
(the impact our actions and purchases have on climate change).

We can also use our voices to let businesses and governments know that
we want them to act quickly to reduce their impact on climate change.
 References:
https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/causes-effects-climate-change
https://www.noaa.gov/education/resource-collections/climate/climate-change-impacts
https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/causes-effects-climate-change
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fclimate.nasa.gov
%2F&psig=AOvVaw0OBzv12GnkO7U5LTkgyjkC&uts=1676788865108000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=2ahUKEwjhy862u579AhWqK
bcAHTf2C2YQr4kDegUIARCCAQ
 GROUP 1 MEMBERS:

ABANO, JOSEPH ANDREW

ALFANTE, SARAH JANE
ALIGANGA, VERONICA
ANTIDO PHILLIP JAN
AREVALO, GLYDEL