CHARGING SYSTEM

•Deliver electrical energy to power your

vehicle while its running and sustains the
battery’s charge.
PURPOSE OF CHARGING SYSTEM

• Convert Mechanical energy into Electrical energy

• Recharge battery
• Provide power for Electrical accessories
• Reserve power when needed
COMPONENT OF CHARGING SYSTEM

• BATTERY
• ALTERNATOR
• DRIVE BELT
• VOLTAGE REGULATOR
• CHARGE INDICATOR (LAMP OR GAUGE)
TYPICAL CHARGING SYTEM
ALTERNATING CURRENT OPERATION

• ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION TO PRODUCE ELECTRICAL POWER

VOLTAGE WILL BE PRODUCED IN MOTION BETWEEN A CONDUCTOR
AND A MAGNETIC FIELD OCCURS.
• AMOUNT OF VOLTAGE IS AFFECTED BY:
SPEED OF CONDUCTOR PASSING THROUGH FIELD
STRENGTH OF MAGNETIC FIELD
NUMBER OF CONDUCTORS PASSING THROUGH MAGNETIC FIELD
COMPONENTS OF ALTERNATOR

• FRONT HOUSING (DRIVE END)

• REAR HOUSING (COM END)
• STATOR
• ROTOR
• REGULATOR
• BRUSHES
• RECTIFIER ASSEMBLY
• BRUSH HOLDER
ROTOR

• COPPER WIRE WOUND AROUND A IRON CORE

• CURRENT PASSING THROUGH ROTOR CREATES A MAGNETIC
FIELD
• MAGNETIC FIELDS PRODUCE A VOLTAGE BY INDUCTION IN
STATOR WINDINGS.
ROTOR FIELD CIRCUIT

• CONTROLS ALTERNATOR OUTPUT

• INCREASED FIELD CURRENT RESULTS IN INCREASED
ALTERNATOR OUTPUT
• TWO BRUSHES POVIDE CONNECTION TO FIELD COIL
STATOR

• THREE SETS OF WINDING AROUND LAMINATED CORE

• SMALL GAP BETWEEN ROTOR AND STATOR PERMITS FIELD
CIRCUIT TO ENERGIZE WINDINGS OF STATOR AT THE SAME TIME
STATOR WINDINGS

• STATOR WINDING CONNECTIONS

• WYE DELTA

• OVERLAPPING STATOR WINDINGS PRODUCE 33 PHASE ANGLES

STATOR CURRENT STATOR CURRENT STATOR CURRENT
FLOW PHASE 1 PHASE 2 PHASE 3
A AND B POSITIVE A AND C NEGATIVE B AND C POSITIVE
DIODE RECTIFIER BRIDGE

• CHANGES NEGATIVE CURRENT INTO POSITIVE OUTPUT

• CONVERTS AC (ALTERNATING CURRENT) VOLTS TO PULSING DC
(DIRECT CURRENT) VOLTS
• 3 POSITIVE BIASED DIODES
• 3 NEGATIVE BIASED DIODES
• NUMBER OF POLE ON ROTOR AND NUMBER OF PHASES ON STATOR
WILL DETERMINE HOW SMOOTH OUTPUT IS.
AC VOLTAGE EFFECT WITH DIODE
OPERATION
ALTERNATOR INTERNAL CIRCUITS

• CHARGING CIRCUIT
STATOR WINDINGS AND RECTIFIER
• EXCITATION CIRCUIT
FIELD COIL AND CONNECTIONS
• PRE-EXCITATION CIRCUIT
SUPPLIES INITIAL CURRENT FOR FIELD COIL