GLOBAL SOUTH

the contemporary

WORLD
In 1969, Carl Oglesby introduced the term "Global South," which
encompasses various terms such as developing, least developed,
underdeveloped, low-income economies, and third world countries.
The term "Global South" is not a geographical
term, but rather an economic term, referring to
countries in the northern hemisphere like India,
China, and northern Africa, and not including
Australia or New Zealand, despite being in the
Southern Hemisphere.
 SOUTH AFRICA
South Sudan, Madagascar, Uganda,
Ghana, Cape Verde Angola, Benin,
Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi,
Cameroon, Central African Rep. Chad
Comoros, Congo, Dem. Rep,. Congo,
Rep,. Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial, Guinea,
Eritrea, Eswatini Kingdom of Ethiopia,
and etc.
 LATIN AMERICA
Antigua & Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba,
Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil,
Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica
Dominican, Rep. Ecuador, El Salvador,
Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guyana,
Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua,
Panama, Paraguay, Peru, St Vincent &
Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago,
Uruguay, Venezuela
 ASIA
Algeria, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan,
Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman,
Palestine,(West Bank & Gaza) Qatar, Saudi Arabia,
Sudan, Syrian Arab Rep., Tunisia, United Arab
Emirates, Yemen. Afghanistan, Azerbaijan,
Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Cambodia, China, Fiji,
India, Indonesia, Iran, Isl. Rep,. Kazakhstan,
Kiribati, Kyrgyzstan, Lao PDR, Malaysia,
Maldives, Micronesia, Fed. States of Mongolia,
Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Palau, Papua New
Guinea, Philippines, and etc.
 WHY NORTHERN
COUNTRIES ARE MORE
SUCCESSFUL THAN
SOUTHERN ONES ?
• According to the french philosopher Montesquieu (1725), the cold air
constricts the extremities of the body's external fibers, increasing their
flexibility and favoring the return of blood from the extremities to the heart,
since people are more active in colder climates.
 • Jared Diamond explains that northern nations'
prosperity is due to colonizers' adaptation to similar
climates, like South Africa. The most prosperous
regions were previously southern Europe, the Middle
East, northern India, and southern China.
 • Additionally, colonial nations were severely depleted of both
natural and human resources, which posed a significant barrier to
economic development. While the resource-rich colonial nations
became wealthy, the residents of the colonies were forced to work
hard for their independence and get insufficient compensation.
 • LEVEL OF PRODUCTIVITY

- Global South countries experience

COMPARATIVE lower labor productivity due to
ANALYSIS OF factors like managerial competence,
DEVELOPMENT information access,services
Easy-to-customize worker
OF GLOBAL NORTH motivation, and institutional
AND GLOBAL SOUTH flexibility, resulting in low income
and overall productivity.
 •• POPULATION
POPULATIONGROWTHGROWTH AND
AND
DEPENDENCYBURDENS
DEPENDENCY BURDENS
• AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
- In 2004, the world's population was 6.4 billion,
- In 2004, the world's population was
with 5% in the Global South and less than 1% in - The Global South has a high rural
6.4 billion, with 5% in the Global
the Global North. Birth and death rates differ, population, with over 65% working in
South and less than 1% in the Global
with 40% in the Global South and 45% in the rural areas and 58% in agriculture,
North. Birth and death
Global North. rates differ, Easy-to-customize services
contributing 14% of the GNI of the
with 40% in the Global South and Global South Nations. This is due to
45% in the Global North. low incomes, poor technology, poor
organization, and limited physical and
human capital inputs.
 • INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

- The Global South faces economic

challenges due to unequal international trade,
technology transfer, foreignEasy-to-customize
aid, and privateservices
capital, leading to low living standards and
rising unemployment.
Thank You!
for listening.