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Tahanan Propulsi - Minggu 3
Tahanan Propulsi - Minggu 3
PROPULSI
ME091311 ( 4 SKS)
Jurusan Teknik Sistem Perkapalan
ITS Surabaya
• Ship Wave Pattern
Lord Kelvin (1887) considered a single pressure point traveling
in a straight line over the surface of the water, sending out
waves which combine to form a characteristic pattern.
Transverse Waves
Divergence Waves
•Ship Wave Pattern
Kelvin wave pattern illustrates and explains many of the
features of ship waves. Ship wave pattern is similar to the
combination of two Kelvin wave systems generated by two
pressure points, with one near the bow and the other near the
stern.
Wave-Making Resistance
Typical Wave Pattern
L
Transverse wave Ship Length
In deep water, (h ),
wavelength of T.W:
2
TW 2 V / g
Wavelength of D.W:
DW 2 V 2 cos 2 / g ,
=19 28'
Wave-Making Resistance
Transverse wave System
H 2 Wave
E b Vs Hull Speed
Length
8 High
Speed
Wave Length
Hull Speed : speed at which the transverse wave length equals
the ship length.
(Wavemaking resistance drastically increases above hull speed)
Wave-Making Resistance
Divergent Wave System
• It consists of Bow and Stern Waves.
• Interaction of the bow and stern waves create the Hollow or
Hump on the resistance curve.
• Hump : When the bow and stern waves are in phase,
the crests are added up so that larger divergent wave systems
are generated.
• Hollow : When the bow and stern waves are out of phase,
the crests matches the trough so that smaller divergent wave
systems are generated.
Interference Effects
1. At lower speed (Froude #), waves made by a ship are very small
& wave-making resistance is insignificant.
V
V : speed gL Fn2
L : ship length
: wave and ship length ratio
A,B,C : constants
Z : Wave length
2V 2
g
n V
2
Cw max; if 1
V2 gL 2
gL 2L n Z
n
n = 1, 3, 5, …… “Hollow”
n = 2, 4, 6, …… “Hump”
Wave pattern of a ship
Wave-Making Resistance
Calculation of Wave-Making Resistance Coeff.