Personality

Developme
nt & Social
 Personality refers
to the long-
standing traits and
PERSONAL
patterns that
propel individuals
ITY to consistently
think, feel, and
behave in specific
ways
 Personality comes
from the Latin
PERSONA word persona. A
LITY persona was
mask worn by an
a

actor in theaters
during ancient
times.
 According to
Psychologists...
YOUNG

A c c o r d i n g t o K . Yo u n g ,
A L L P O RT

“ a p e r s o n ’s p a t t e r n o f
“Personality is a …. patterned
habits, attitudes, and
body of habits, traits,
traits which
attitudes and ideas of an
individual, as these are
determine his
organised externally into roles adjustment to his
and statuses, and as they environment.”
relate internally to
motivation, goals, and various
aspects of selfhood.”
ASPECTS OF
PERSONALITY
PHYSICAL
includes body build,
ASPECT
height, weight, skin
c o l o r, e t c .
ASPECTS OF
PERSONALITY
includes range of ideas,
mental alertness and
M E N TA L inquisitive mind, ability to
ASPECT r e a s o n l o g i c a l l y, c a p a b i l i t y
to conceptualize abstract
relationship, organizes
thoughts systematically and
responds quickly and
a c c u r a t e l y.
 ASPECTS OF
PERSONALITY
A p e r s o n ’s emotional
E M O T I O N A L makeup is shown in his
likes and dislikes, whether
A S P E C T he is aggressive or docile,
he responds when things
become difficult, how
quickly he is given to
a n g e r, o r w h e t h e r h e c a n
take a job or not.
ASPECTS OF
PERSONALITY
This is seen in how
SOCIAL well a person conducts
ASPECT himself with other
people and how well he
observes the rules of
etiquette that govern
s o c i e t y.
ASPECTS OF
PERSONALITY
This is seen in how
SOCIAL well a person conducts
ASPECT himself with other
people and how well he
observes the rules of
etiquette that govern
s o c i e t y.
ASPECTS OF
PERSONALITY
This aspect of
MORAL/ personality has to do
SPIRITUAL with a p e r s o n ’s
ASPECT awareness of the
difference between what
is wrong or right.
 Hippocrat
es
Hippocrates theorized that
personality traits and human
behaviors are based on four separate
temperaments associated with four
fluids (“humors”) of the body:
choleric temperament (yellow bile
from the liver), melancholic
temperament (black bile from the
kidneys), sanguine temperament (red
blood from the heart), and
phlegmatic temperament (white
phlegm from the lungs.
Both
Galen
diseases and personality
differences could be explained by
imbalances in the humors and that
each person exhibits one of the four
temperaments.
• CHOLERIC - passionate,
ambitious, and bold
• MELANCHOLIC - reserved,
anxious, and unhappy
• P H L E G M AT I C - c a l m , r e l i a b l e ,
and thoughtful
• S A N G U I N E - j o y f u l , e a g e r, a n d
 Kant
Kant agreed with Galen that
everyone could be sorted
into one of the four
temperaments and that there
was no overlap between the
four categories
 Wundt
Wu n d t s u g g e s t e d t h a t a b e t t e r
description of personality could
be achieved using two major
axes:

emotional/nonemotional
changeable/unchangeable
 Wundt
Emotional/Nonemotional
• First axis separated strong
from weak emotions (the
melancholic and choleric
temperaments from the
phlegmatic and sanguine)
 Wundt
Changeable/Unchangeable
• The second axis divided the
changeable temperaments
(choleric and sanguine) from
the unchangeable ones
(melancholic and phlegmatic).
 Jung
I N T R O V E R T, E X T R O V E R T,
A M B I V E RT

The introvert is preoccupied with

his own self; the extrovert with
things outside self. In these two
types there is a third type—the
ambiverts who are neither the one
nor the other but vacillate between
the two.
 Kretchmer
I N T R O V E R T, E X T R O V E R T,
A M B I V E RT

• E X T R O V E RT - s t o u t
• I N T R O V E R T- t a l l a n d s l e n d e r