VECTOR

ANALYSIS

Application:
Wind Turbine
TABLE OF CONTENT

• INTRODUCTION
• BACKGROUND
• PROCESSES
• SAMPLE PROBLEM
• CONCLUSION
Introduction
• Vector analysis is a mathematical approach to studying
and understanding vectors, which are quantities that
have both magnitude and direction.

• It can also be used to represent and analyze physical

quantities that have both magnitude and direction,
such as force, velocity, and acceleration.

• Wind turbines work on a simple principle: instead of

using electricity to make wind—like a fan—wind
turbines use wind to make electricity.
Background
• Wind turbines harness the wind—a clean, free, and widely
available renewable energy source—to generate electric power.

• Wind flows across the blade, the air pressure on one side of the
blade decreases, resulting in a difference in air pressure across
the two sides of the blade that creates both lift and drag.

• The difference in air pressure across the two sides of the blade creates both lift
and drag. The force of the lift is stronger than the drag and this
causes the rotor to spin.
CONCEPT/PROCESS

Acceleration, a = F/m
Velocity, v = at
Velocity components in the horizontal, vertical, and depth directions,
Vx = Vcos(θ)
Vy = Vsin(θ)
Vz = Vcos(θ)sin(θ)
Area of the turbine
π * (A/2)^2 = d
Force of the turbine, using lift force formula
F = 0.5*p*A*V^2*C
 Sample Problem

The mass of the wind turbine is 1000 kg, and the wind speed is 15 m/s from the north-east direction, making an angle
of 45 degrees with respect to the east direction. The wind turbine has a diameter of 60 meters, and the blades have a
lift coefficient of 0.9
To determine the force, acceleration, and direction of the wind turbine using unit vectors (i, j, k) and the technique of
scalar product, we need to know the mass of the turbine and the wind speed and direction.
Sample Problem

GIVEN:
MASS = 1000KG
VELOCITY = 15m/s
p(Air density) = 1.2kg/m^3
Area = 60m
Angle(Horizontal) = 45 degrees
C(Lift) = 0.9
Sample Problem
Velocity components in the horizontal, vertical, and depth directions,
15m/s*cos(45) = 10.6m/s
15m/s*sin(45) = 10.6m/s

Area of the turbine

π * (60 m/2)^2 = 2827.43 m^2

Force of the turbine, using lift force formula

Force = 0.5 * 1.2 kg/m^3 * (15 m/s)^2 * 2827.43 m^2 * 0.9
force = 124884.25 N or 124.9kN

The scalar product, force on the turbine

force[0.71, 0.71, 0] = 124884.25 N * 0.71 = 88505.02 N

Acceleration, a = F/m
a = 124884.25 N / 1000 kg

So the acceleration of the turbine is 124.88 m/s^2 in the north-east direction.

Conclusion