LAWS OF MOTION

ISAAC
NEWTON
 FIRST LAW: SECOND LAW: THIRD LAW:
Law of Inertia Law of Acceleration Law of Interaction

An object will only

An object at rest, tends
to stay at rest. An object
accelerate if there is a net or
in motion tends to move
at a constant speed
unless acted upon by an
unbalanced force.
unbalanced force acting
For every action,
upon it. there is an equal
The presence of an
unbalanced force can
and opposite
change an object’s speed, reaction.
direction or both.
MOMENTUM AND
IMPULSE
 MOMENTUM AND INERTIA

• Inertia is another property of mass that resists

changes in velocity; however, inertia depends only
on mass.
• Inertia is a scalar quantity.
• Momentum is a property of moving mass that resists
changes in a moving object’s velocity.
• Momentum is a vector quantity.
 • Refers to quantity of motion that an

MOMENTU object has.

• It can be defined as “mass in
motion”.

M
Momentum is also known as inertia
in motion.

All objects have mass; so if an

object is moving, then it has
momentum.

Momentum is a vector quantity with

a direction the same as the velocity.

Momentum has the application of Law of Inertia

EXAMPLES OF
MOMENTUM
 T E
P U
OM ??
O C UM
T NT
OW E
H M
MO

STANDARD Where: Units used:

FORMULA
p= momentum p= momentum (kg●m/s)
m= mass m= mass (kg)
p = mv v= velocity v= velocity (m/s)
 SAMPLE
COMPUTATION #1

Calculate the momentum of a 70 kg cyclist moving with a speed

of 20 m/s

Given: Formula: Solution:

m= 70 kg p = mv p= (70 kg) (20 m/s)
v= 20 m/s

Required: Final answer:

p
p= (1,400 kg●m/s)
 SAMPLE
COMPUTATION #2

A 1,500 kg automobile from Pampanga moves at 30 m/s to

Baguio. What is the momentum of the automobile?

Given: Formula: Solution:

m= 1,500 kg p = mv p= (1,500 kg) (30 m/s)
v= 30 m/s

Required: Final answer:

p
p= 45,000 kg●m/s
 SAMPLE
COMPUTATION #3

Find the mass of a bus moving at 7 m/s in a momentum of 4,550

kg●m/s.

p
Given: Formula: Solution:
p= 4,550 kg●m/s m= 4,550 kg●m/s
➗ ➗
v= 7 m/s 7 m/s
m v
x
Required: Final answer:
m=p
m
v m= 650 kg
 SAMPLE
COMPUTATION #4

How fast is the truck be moving if it is travelling north with a

momentum of 15,100 kg●m/s and a mass of 2,000 kg.

p
Given: Formula: Solution:
p= 15,100 kg●m/s v= 15,100 kg●m/s
➗ ➗
m= 2,000 kg 2,000 kg
m v
x
Required: Final answer:
v=p
v
m v= 7.55 m/s
 LET’S
PRACTICE!!!
Momentum Mass Velocity

2,400 kg●m/s 750 kg 3.2 m/s

7,875 kg●m/s 1,500 kg 5.25 m/s

5,450 kg●m/s 825.76 kg 6.60 m/s

 • The product of the force acting

IMPULSE on an object and the time

interval the force acts.

LET’S ANALYZE
THIS!

Impulse, same as momentum is also a vector quantity.

Impulse is an integral of a force (F) over the time

interval (t) for which it acts.

It is an impulsive force which acts on an object for a

short period of time.

Impulse has the application of Law of Acceleration

Basketball players resisting the The driver giving a quick In football, the defensive player applies a
force for a given amount of time to stop the
movement of the ball of the application of brake to stop the car movement of the offensive player with the
opponent’s in motion. immediately. ball.

EXAMPLES OF
IMPULSE
Momentum VS Impulse
 HOW TO COMPUTE
IMPULSE??

STANDARD Where: Units used:

FORMULA
I= impulse I= impulse (N●s)
I = Ft F= force F= force (N)
t= time t= time (s)
 SAMPLE
COMPUTATION #1

A force of 6.00 N acts on an object for 10.0 s. Find its impulse.

Given: Formula: Solution:

F= 6.00 N I = Ft I= (6.00 N) (10.0 s)
t= 10.0 s

Required: Final answer:

I
I= 60.0 N●s
 SAMPLE
COMPUTATION #2
A truck travelling to Manila is loaded with food supplies. Along the road, a
motorcycle suddenly gets in its way. The truck driver quickly applied a
brake with force of 75.0 N in 5.00 s. Find its impulse.

Given: Formula: Solution:

F= 75.0 N I = Ft I= (75.0 N) (5.00 s)
t= 5.00 s

Required: Final answer:

I I= 375 N●s
 SAMPLE
COMPUTATION #3

How long will it take for a marathon player to stop if he has for
force of 10.0 N and impulse of 35.0 N●s

I
Given: Formula: Solution:
F= 10.0 N t= 35.0 N●s
➗ ➗
I= 35.0 N●s 10 N
F t
x
Required: Final answer:
t=I
t
F t= 3.5 s
 SAMPLE
COMPUTATION #4

How much force is needed to apply to stop a bicycle that has lost
its brake down the hill if it has a momentum of 65.75 N●s in 3.5
s?
I
Given: Formula: Solution:
I= 65.75 N●s F= 65.75 N●s
➗ ➗
t= 3.5 s 3.5 s
F t
x
Required: Final answer:
F=I
F
t F= 18.79 N
 Exercises 1
A force of 9.00 N acts
ow long will on anfor
it take object
a bask for 15.0
of 34.0 N●ss. Find its impulse.

Given:
Formula: Solution:
F- 9.00N I=Ft I= (9.00n) (15.0s)
T- 15.0s

= 135.0 N•s
Required: I
 • How long will it take for a basketball player to stop if he has for force of
20.0 N and impulse of 25.0 N●s

Given:
Formula: Solution:
F- 20.0N t= I t= 25.0N•s
I- 25.0 N•s F 20.0 N

=1.25 s
Required: T
 • A car travelling to Ilocos is loaded with 5 persons. Along the road, a
motorcycle suddenly gets in its way. The car driver quickly applied a
brake with force of 65.0 N in 0.07 minutes. Find its impulse.
Given:
F= 65.0 N Formula: Solution:
T= 0.07 minutes=4.2 s I=Ft I=(65.0 N) (4.2s)

= 273 N•s
Required:I
 LET’S
PRACTICE!!!
Impulse Force Time

3,412 N●s 750 N 4.55 s

3,375 N●s 500 N 6.75 s

1,350 N●s 252.34 N 5.35 s

MOMENTUM-IMPULSE THEOREM

Formula: Ft=mv
 SAMPLE
COMPUTATION #1

• A 0.45 kg ball is hit by a golf club with a force of 6,000 N, it flies off with
the speed of 60.0m/s. How long are the club and the ball in contact?

Given: Formula: Ft=mv Solution:

m=0.45 kg Ft=mv t=(0.45 kg) (60.0m/s)
F= 6,000 N F F 6,000N(kg•m/s₂)
v= 60.0m/s
Required: t t=mv = 0.0045 s
F
 SAMPLE
COMPUTATION
#2
An object is moving North in a speed of 55.0m/s. The force needed to stop it
is 80.0 N in a matter of 3.25 s. How heavy is the object?

Given: Formula: Ft=mv Solution:

F= 80.0 N Ft=mv m=(80.0kg•m/s₂ )(3.25 s)
55.0 m/s
v= 55.0m/s v v
t= 3.25 s = 4.73 kg
Required: m m=Ft
v
 SAMPLE
COMPUTATION #3

• How fast is the 500 kg vehicle be moving if it is needed to stop with a force
of 250.0 Nin 4.45 s?

Given: Formula: Ft=mv Solution:

F= 250.0 N Ft=mv v=(250.0kg•m/s₂ )(4.45 s)
500 kg
m= 500 kg m m
t= 4.45 s = 2.23 m/s
Required: v v=Ft
m
 SAMPLE
COMPUTATIO
N #4
A 0.95 kg football ball approaches the player with a speed of 35.0 m/s. If the
ball and the feet of player are in contact for 0.55 s, how much force was
provided by the ball?

Given: Formula: Ft=mv Solution:

m=0.95 kg Ft=mv F=(0.95 kg)(35.0 m/s)
0.55 s
t= 0.55 s t t
v= 35.0m/s = 60.45 kg• m/s ₂
Required: F F=mv
t
 Fourth Prelim
COMPUTATION #1

A 2,500 kg car from Ilocos moves at .050 m/s to Cebu. What is the
momentum of the automobile?

Given: Formula: Solution:

m= 2,500 kg p = mv p= (2,500 kg) (0.050 m/s)
v= 0.050
m/s
Required: Final answer:
p
p= 125 kg●m/s
 FOURTH PRELIM COMPUTATION 2

A force of 8.00 ow
N long
actswill
onitan
takeobject forof15.0
for a bask s. Find its impulse.
34.0 N●s

Given:
Formula: Solution:
F- 8.00N I=Ft I= (8.00n) (15.0s)
T- 15.0s

= 120 N•s
Required: I
 SAMPLE
COMPUTATIO
N #4
A 0.95 kg football ball approaches the player with a speed of 35.0 m/s. If the
ball and the feet of player are in contact for 0.55 s, how much force was
provided by the ball?

Given: Formula: Ft=mv Solution:

m=0.95 kg Ft=mv F=(0.95 kg)(35.0 m/s)
0.55 s
t= 0.55 s t t
v= 35.0m/s = 60.45 kg• m/s ₂
Required: F F=mv
t