TRADITIONAL

GENRES IN
LITERATURE
DEFINING LITERATURE
Literature refers to written
works of Imaginative, Artistic ,
Or Intellectual Value, Typically
Characterized By The Use Of
Language To Convey Ideas,
Emotions, And Experiences.
The Four Major Literary Genres:
1. POETRY
2.FICTION
3. DRAMA
4.ESSAY
POETRY
DEFINING POETRY
A term derived from the Greek
word poiesis, “making” , also
called verse, is a form of
literature that uses aesthetic and
often rhythmic qualities of
language. A poem is a literary
composition written by a poet.
DEFINING POETRY
One way of distinguishing poetry is
through its form.
- It is written in verse and consists
of stanzas
- - another more important way of
distinguishing poetry is through
its use of language.
DEFINING POETRY
The diction or word choice
of a poem is very different
from the diction of
everyday conversation.
ELEMENTS OF POETRY
1. IMAGE- The image is at
the core of a poem. This is
the picture that poem
projects into our mind’s
eye.
ELEMENTS OF POETRY
2. Figures of Speech- also
known as figurative language,
figures of speech are ways in
which we manipulate
language between its literal
and figurative meanings.
ELEMENTS OF POETRY
3. Poetic Diction- Similar
to figurative language,
diction refers to the word
choices a poet makes in
order to suit a poem.
ELEMENTS OF POETRY
4.Meter- the arrangement
of stressed/unstressed
syllables to occur at
apparently equal intervals.
ELEMENTS OF POETRY
English words have clear
syllables. We can usually
divide words into syllables
easily. We can also determine
which syllables to emphasize,
or “stress in each word.
ELEMENTS OF POETRY
• Poem – PO-em
• Poetry – PO-e-try
• Relief – re-LIEF
• Discomfort –dis-COM-
fort
Five main patterns to poetic feet:
• Iamb
• Trochee
• Anapest
• Dactyl
• Spondee
Five main patterns to poetic feet:
• Iamb – 1 unstressed
syllable followed by 1
stressed syllable.
• ex. Repose – re-POSE
Belief- be-LIEF
Five main patterns to poetic feet:
• Trochee - 1 stressed
syllable followed by 1
unstressed syllable
Ex. Speaking- SPEAK-ing
Value- VAL-ue
Five main patterns to poetic feet:
• Anapest- 2 unstressed
syllable followed by 1
stressed syllable
Ex. On the ROAD
Interrupt- in-ter-RUPT
Five main patterns to poetic feet:
• Dactyl- 1 stressed syllable
followed by 2 unstressed
syllable
Ex. Happiness- HAP-pi-ness
Saturday- SAT-ur-day
Five main patterns to poetic feet:
• Spondee- all syllables
have equal stress
Ex. Heartbreak
“out, out”
ELEMENTS OF POETRY
5.Symbols- is an object or image
that stands for an idea or ideas.
For instance, a white dove is a
universal symbol of peace. In the
Philippines sampaguita is a
symbol of purity and beauty.
 Activity
Writing poetry is an activity that
can be done as an individual or as
group. The renga or Japanese art
of collaborative poetry involves
two or more poets exchanging
verses until they form a poem.
 Activity
1. Gather in groups with four
to five members each.
2. Wait for your teacher to
give you the subject of
your renga.
 Activity
3. On a sheet of paper, create a first line
to capture the subject assigned to your
group.
4. Pass the sheet around until each
member has contributed at least three
lines. Make sure that your poem
possesses the poetic elements
discussed.