CLASSICAL THEORIES

OF MANAGEMENT
Name: Kandara U. Elisabeth
Student # M230393
Lecturer: Ms. Chinoda Precious
Degree: Master of Education in Educational Leadership and Management
Module title: Principles and Practices of Educational Leadership and Management
Module code: EFELM 510
 overview
• Definitions of terms
• Names of prominent classic management theorists
• Pros and cons of classic management theories
• Importance of classical theories
• Cite applications of classic theories in your field of profession
 Classical Approach

• Scientific Management Theorists Frederick W. Taylor

Frank & Lillian Gilbreth
• General Administrative Theorists
• Henri Fayol
• Max Weber
 Definition of terms
• Management- a set of activities directed towards efficient and effective
utilization of organizational resources in order to achieve organizational goals
( Sapre, 2002:102 )
• Educational Management- executive function for carrying out agreed policy (
Bolam, 1999:194)
• Educational Management- a field of study and practice concerned with the
operation of educational organizations ( Bush, 2003 )
 Why do we need theories
• Consistency and reduce duplication of similar explanation
• Familiarity with arguments
• Identifying relevant phenomena
• Insights enable to deploy wide ranges of experience and understanding
• Provides framework for interpreting events
• Different context in appropriate area
• Revealing needed research
 Frederick Taylor (1856-1915)
Scientific Management Theory
Theory Application Advantages Disadvantages
Scientific Management Factory: Assembly line Repetition improves People are to be
Theory -Machine to systematic work techniques and manipulated like
metaphor, Time and Home : methods Standard machines
motion are factors to Schedule monitoring of working environment Workers not allowed to
determine the most activities Company : People get promoted choose their jobs and
efficient method to Managers select, train based on skills and method and train
complete the task Less and closely monitor efficiency Workers are themselves
time with fewer or subordinates paid based on quantity People get tired
shorter motion output
emphasizing on
maximum production of
individual worker
 Max Weber (1864-1920)
Bureaucracy theory
Theory Application Advantages Disadvantages
Bureaucracy- Hierarchal Home: Father is the Division of work clearly Impersonal relationships
authority structure with disciplinarian. Strict defines responsibility. between managers and
emphasis on rules implementation of Personnel are selected staffs, staff and clients ,
instead of individuals curfews for children. for competence parent and children
and competence of Oldest child is chosen to avoiding time wasted create feelings of
leaders over favoritism. help younger siblings Continuity of alienation Officials
Positions are organized Company: Top positions administration is makes fixed salaries for
into a hierarchy are appointed through provided. prescribed works Takes
legal channels. time to reach the
Communication intended authorities
structure is observed
Fayol’s 14 Principles of management
5 Functions of management
 Henri Fayol (1841-1925)
Administrative Management
Theory Application Advantages Disadvantages
Administrative Home: Usually Workers receive Managers welcome
Management- All mothers are direct command suggestions but
managers multitasking from one superior basically stick to
regardless of the Company: which readily gets the plans
type of Managers focus on the job done.
organization have the process of Workers are Personnel trainings
the same tasks implementing the encourage to think and development
which includes organizational through and carry are neglected.
planning, policies, goals and out the plans.
organizing, objectives Encourages group Environment
commanding, frequently harmony “ a place creates the feeling
coordination and monitoring the for everything and of competition
controlling. General achievement of everything in its
principles of these goals place
administration
division of work,
centralizations,
locust control
 References

• Lunenberg FC, Ornstein AC: Educational Administration Concept and Practic

• Bush, T. (2003). Theories of Educational Leadership and Management 4 th
Edition. Sage Publication Ltd.
• Tomey, A. M (2003). Guide to Nursing Management and Leadership.
Philippines: ELSEVIER SCIENCE (SINGAPORE) PTE LTD.