Design and selection

air washers
.
 Air Washer

An air washer is a piece of equipment that is designed to

improve air quality by scrubbing the air that moves through it
and adjusting humidity levels to keep the environment
consistent. Air washers are used as part of climate control and
air quality systems.
Air washer is one of the devices used for air conditioning. It is
based on the psychrometry. It is the study of the properties of
moist air.
Components of air washer

Water Tank Chamber

Blower Motor
Spraying Drain Regulator
Pump Pressure Vessel
Pipes and Fittings Filter
 Water Tank
Water tank is located below the air washer. It is connected
to the water pipe from suitable source for continuous
supply of the water. The central air washer needs larger
quantity of the water, which increases as the number of
rooms to be cooled increases. For proper performance of
the air washer, one must ensure the abundant supply of
the continuously. The water in tank be ordinary water or
chilled water. Usually, ordinary water is used.

A water tank is a container for storing water. Water tanks are

used to provide storage of water for use in many applications,
drinking water, irrigation agriculture, fire suppression,
agricultural farming, both for plants and livestock, chemical
manufacturing, food preparation as well as many other uses.
Spraying
Drain
A drain made by laying under earth the sprays or small branches of trees, which keep passages open.
Pump
Pump is required for supplying water from
the tank to the spray drain with pressure.
Capacity of pump should be such that it can
pump the water from the tank to the desire
height without pressure loss. Location of the
pump is also important as per the
performance aspects. The height where the
pump is located should be such that it would
provide positive head. Many types of pumps
can be used according to the application.
Type of pumps vary according to the flow
rate of water required and cooling capacity.
For high capacity like large room and high
flow rate of water, centrifugal pump is used.
pump, a device that expends energy in order to raise,
transport, or compress fluids. The earliest pumps were
devices for raising water, such as the Persian and
Roman waterwheels and the more sophisticated
Archimedes screw
 Pipes and Fittings
Connection from water tank to pump and
from pump to spray drain are made with
help of plastic pipes and joint. Different
types of arrangement of set up different
types of joints are used such as T joints, right
angle joint (elbow) etc.

Diameter of the pipe is also important factor

because the flow rate of water is depended
on diameter of pipes. for high flow rates,
diameter of the pipe should be large.
Pipe fittings are components used to join pipe sections
together with other fluid control products like valves
and pumps to create pipelines. The common connotation
for the term fittings is associated with the ones used for
metal and plastic pipes which carry fluids.
Chamber

It is a box of GI sheet in which the process takes place. The dimensions of the chamber
vary according to the application. It should be such that it can accommodate the fan for
drawing air. Make sure that all air passes through the chamber without leakage. It
should also provide the provision for the accommodation of the nozzles. For water exit
it should also provide provision at bottom of chamber so that water can be collected,
and its temperature can be measured. The main requirement of chamber is to provide
leak proof passages so that desirable results can be achieved
Motor
Motor is a single blower motor which is used to drive both blower
and centrifugal pump.

An electric motor or diesel engine powers the washer. Powered

by the engine or motor, a water pump (impeller) draws in the
detergent and water and mixes them together. Most washers also
heat the water to a temperature of 50–70°C (125–155°F).
 Regulator
Regulator is a device for controlling the rate of
working of machinery or for controlling fluid flow,
in particular a handle controlling the supply of
steam to the cylinders of a steam engine..

Regulators - these are air pressure reducing

valves used for regulation of pressure and flow,
responsible for maintaining a consistent output
pressure regardless of the input pressure or flow
rate. Lubricators - used to help with preventing
friction so that the pneumatic components work
effectively and reduce wear and damage.
Pressure Vessel
Pressure vessel is a closed container designed to hold gases or
liquids at a pressure substantially different from the gauge pressure.

Pressure vessels are containers for the containment of pressure

either external or internal. The pressure may be obtained from an
external source, or by the application of heat from a direct or
indirect source, or any combination thereof.
Filter
Filter is used for the
purification purpose of the .
air washer. Many types of
filters are used in specific
air washers, like cellulose
pads, nylon filter etc.
Passive Filters
Passive filters are made of passive
components (inductance, capacitance, and resistance)
tuned to the harmonic frequencies that are to be
attenuated. The values of inductors and capacitors are
selected to provide low impedance paths at the selected
frequencies.
Low-Pass Filter

A low-pass filter is designed to pass low-frequency

components and block high-frequency components.
The cutoff frequency of a low-pass filter indicates the
frequency region in which the filter is transitioning
from low attenuation to significant attenuation.
 High-Pass Filter
A high-pass filter (HPF) is an electronic filter that passes signals with a frequency
higher than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuates signals with frequencies
lower than the cutoff frequency. The amount of attenuation for each frequency
depends on the filter design. A high-pass filter is usually modeled as a linear time-
invariant system. It is sometimes called a low-cut filter or bass-cut filter in the
context of audio engineering. High-pass filters have many uses, such as blocking DC
from circuitry sensitive to non-zero average voltages or radio frequency devices.
They can also be used in conjunction with a low-pass filter to produce a bandpass
filter. In the optical domain filters are often characterized by wavelength rather than
frequency. High-pass and low-pass have the opposite meanings, with a "high-pass"
filter (more commonly "long-pass") passing only longer wavelengths (lower
frequencies), and vice versa for "low-pass" (more commonly "short-pass").
Band-Pass Filter
A medium-complexity example of a band-pass
filter. A band-pass filter or bandpass filter
(BPF) is a device that passes frequencies within
a certain range and rejects
(attenuates) frequencies outside that range.
Band Reject Filter
The band stop filter, also known as a band
reject filter, passes all frequencies with
exception of those within a specified stop
band which are greatly attenuated.
All-Pass Filter
An all-pass filter is a signal processing
filter that passes all frequencies equally
in gain but changes the phase relationship
among various frequencies.
Universal Filter
The Universal Filter is a double pole (= second order)
active filter built of 4 op-amps. Each output of the four
op-amps provides different filter characteristics: Notch-
filter . 2nd order high-pass filter .