RESULT RESEARCH

Department of Chemistry
Faculty of Science and Technology
Islamic State University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
2019
 Synthesis and Characterization of NiO / Zeolite and its
Activation Test on Catalytic Cracking Crude Biodiesel

Edra Aditya Fhillipa Ardine

11150960000025

Advisor II

Advisor I

Nanda Saridewi,M.Si
Isalmi Aziz,M.T NIP.198410212009122004
NIP. 19751110 2006042 001
Synthesis and Characterization of NiO /
Zeolite and its Activation Test on
Catalytic Cracking Crude Biodiesel
Welcome! OUTLIN
I am very glad to meet you.
E
Introduction

Previous
Summary
Review

What we are talking

about today.
Result
and Theory
Discuss

Methods
 INTRODUCTION

‫اًل‬:‫ َم‬:‫ َع‬:‫ن‬:ُ :‫ َس‬:‫ح‬:ْ ‫ َأ‬:‫ ْم‬:ُ‫ه‬:‫ َأ ُّي‬:‫ ْم‬:ُ‫ه‬:‫ َو‬:ُ‫ل‬:‫ ْب‬:َ‫ن‬:ِ‫ ل‬:‫ا‬:َ‫ه‬:َ‫ً ل‬:‫ة‬:َ‫ن‬:‫ي‬:‫ ِز‬:‫ض‬
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: ‫ِإن‬
Meaning: "Indeed, We have made what is on earth as jewelry for him, so that We test them, which
of them is the best of his actions." (Q.S. Al-Kahf: 7).

Availability of
Petroleum???
 INTRODUCTION
====================
[Ar] 3d8 4s2

Nikel
• Active Phase Cracking
• Catalytic Cracking

Natural Zeolite • Form Carbonuim Ions +

Stabilized Radical Analysis
• Conversion
• Support
Biofuel
• Both Attack the Bait
• Selektivity
• Large Surface Area • Terminasi
• Biogasoline
• High Thermal Stability
• Kerosen
• Diesel
 PREVIOUS
REVIEW
Add Image
Rahayu et al. 2013
The influence of natural Ni / zeolite catalyst from PT. Prima Zeolita is a mordenite type for
biogasoline production. The catalyst was prepared by the impregnation method using variations in
Ni metal content of 1, 2 and 3% of the weight of zeolite. The best catalytic activity in cracking
The results of the analysis to produce the best catalytic activity for palm oil cracking into
biogasoline is 1%.

Add Image
Efiyanti dan Santi (2016)
The effect of NiO / zeolite catalyst with Cashew Nut Shell Liquid on the conversion and
selectivity of the resulting biofuel. The natural zeolite obtained comes from Klaten which is
mordenite type. The 1% NiO / zeolite catalyst can increase biofuel conversion from 59.09%
to 69.86% with gasoline selectivity of 38.08%; 32.25% diesel and heavy oil 29.67%.

Add Image Aziz et al. 2019

Making biogasoline from crude biodiesel using the clinoptilolite type Lampung natural
zeolite catalyst. The catalytic cracking crude biodiesel process has a temperature variation
of 325; 350; and 375 ° C, catalyst concentration 1; 5; and 7%, when cracking 60; 120; and
180 minutes. The results of the analysis showed that the optimum temperature, catalyst
concentration and cracking time was at 375 ° C, with a catalyst concentration of 7% for 180
minutes with gasoline fraction 6.26%; kerosene 17.6%; and 47.73% diesel.
 INTRODUCTION
---------------------------------------------------

• How does the effects of the concentration of metal oxides NiO 1, 3, and 5% impregnated into
zeolites on the characteristics of the catalyst include crystallinity, functional groups, and surface
area?
PROBLE
• Can NiO concentration affect catalyst activity?
M

• The concentrations of NiO 1, 3, and 5% which are infused into zeolites affect crystallinity,
functional groups, and surface area,

HYPOTHESIS • NiO concentration can affect catalyst activity (conversion and selectivity)

• Determining catalyst characteristics include crystallinity, functional groups and surface area,

• Determine the NiO / zeolite catalyst activity in catalytic cracking crude biodiesel to produce
GOALS biofuels by reviewing the conversion and selectivity of biofuel.
BENEFIT

====================
The use of natural zeolite impregnated with
NiO metal oxide is expected to improve the
performance of the produced biofuel so that it
can become a renewable alternative fuel that
can reduce or even replace the use of fuel
derived from petroleum. Besides that, it can
also increase the value of Indonesia's natural
zeolite which is abundant as Indonesia's
natural resources.
 This research was conducted at the Syarif Hidayatullah UIN
Integrated Laboratory Center in Jakarta, LIPI Serpong, and
Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB) in September 2018 until
March 2019.

Instruments Materials
1. Catalytic Cracking Reactor
1. Cooking Oil from Hosen’s Culinary
2. Gas Cromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) Agilent
Technologies-5973 2. Natural Zeolite PT. Wintama Lampung
3. X-Ray Difraction (XRD) Rigaku MiniFlex 600
4. Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) Shimazu 3. Ni (NO3) 2.6H2O p.a
5. Surface Area Analyzer (SAA) Micromeritics Tristar II 4. Technical aquadest
6. Viscometer
7. Oven 5. AgNO3 (Merck)
8. Furnace 6. Methanol p.a
9. Picnometer
10. Thermometer 7. KOH p.a
11. Glassware 8. NH4Cl (Merck)
10
Skema Kerja Penelitian
 Making Crude Biodiesel (Aziz, 2007)

• 200 ml Used oil

2,5 g KOH 50 mL of • Refluks (Set up the • Put in separating funnel,
methanol temperature until 60ºC) and left it for 24 hours
• Stir it with magnetic
stirrer (500 rpm) for 1
hour

Crude Biodiesel

Crude glycerol
 Activation of Natural Zeolites (Dyer et al. 2000)

ICON ICON

Zeolite is refluxed in 1 M
250 g Natural • Filtered
Soaked while stirring NH4Cl solution for 4-5 hours
Zeolite • Clean precipitate dried in the
for 3 days at 90 ° C
oven at 120oC for 3 hours

H-Zeolite Filtered
Washed
ICON ICON

AgNO3
At 450 C for 3 hours
o
At 120oC for 3 hours
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Impregnation
 0,58 ; 1,75 and 2,91 gram
14,42 ; 13,25 and 12,09 gram

Soaked 6 hours

120oC

NiO/Zeolit
500oC
5 hours

15
Characterization of Catalyst

XRD FTIR SAA

16
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Catalytic Cracking

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3 375oC
1,05
3 hours
gram
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Product is carried out without distillation process

Analysis of Biofuel
GC-MS

19
RESULT & DISCUSSION
================================

CEO
DESIGNER
DIRECTOR
BRAIN
Composition of Crude Biodiesel Compounds

Aziz et al. 2011

XRD
X-Ray Diffraction
Characterized

JCPDS 47-1049

JCPDS 71-1425
9,84; 22,38; 22,72; dan 29,94°
FTIR
SAA
Surface Area Analyzer
Characterized

Distributed on the surface

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GCMS
 O M e til L in o le a t
CH3
CH3 O C
N iO
+
-

Z e o lit
O A sa m L in o le a t
CH3
OH C
+
N iO
-

Z e o lit 3 -D o d e ke n o l H e ksa n a

OH C H 2+ +
CH3
+ CH2
+
N iO + N iO
- -

Z e o lit Z e o lit

CH3 CH3
+ CH3
1 ,9 -D o d e ke n a H e ks a n a
 CONCLUSION

1. XRD results show a typical peak emerging from

NiO/zeolite at 2θ in regions 37.23; 43,15; and 62.65°.
The Ni-O stretch is shown in the absorption area of
1070-400 cm-1. The surface area of NiO/zeolite 1% is
49,410 m2/g.

2. 1% NiO / zeolite catalyst gave the best results with

conversion of 60.79% and selectivity of gasoline
9,73; kerosene 29,64; and diesel 9.18%.
 SUGGESTION
It is expected that similar research or further research will
carry out zeolite activation techniques that are different
from those of researchers because one of the success
factors of catalytic cracking comes from its activation.
Optimization of temperature and time in catalytic cracking
activity tests is needed to determine the best temperature
and time to produce the best biofuel conversion and
selectivity.
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