REMITTANCES

● Those who are successful often end up

sending money back to their country of
origin for the support of various family
members.
● While they are poorly paid by the standards
of developed countries, they are better off
 R E M I T TA N C E S

- Transactions by which migrants

send money back to their country
of origin.
• According to one estimate, 200 million migrants
in the world are supporting roughly equal number
who remain at home.

• In 2006, estimated remittances amounted to 300

billion (almost three times the total of all of the
world’s foreign aid and budgets combined).
• Thriving business have arisen in the north to handle the large
numbers of transfers of relatively small amounts of funds that
banks generally are unwilling to bother with. In addition,
banks lack the infrastructure to handle such transfers.

• Small businesses that handle most of these transfer generally

the use the internet to handle most of these transfers and can
function with small offices in cities in the North and South to
which they send money.
Features of the Topic
Saturn
Saturn is the ringed one. It’s a gas giant,
composed mostly of hydrogen and helium

Jupiter
Jupiter is a gas giant and also the fourth-
brightest object in the sky

Mars
Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold
place. It’s full of iron oxide dust
 Remittances is the largest

source of money flowing into

developing countries from the

rest of the world.

 Recipients are better able to
survive, to buy the basics they
need, and even to afford a few
luxuries ( a TV set, a cell phone).
 ADVANTAGES OF REMITTANCES
• Reduce poverty rates;
• Go directly to those in need and give them experience with banks
and in saving;
• Help deal with emergencies ;
• Be used to raise educational levels;
• Be a source of pride and confidence in the receiving community
over the success of those able to send remittances;
 ADVANTAGES OF REMITTANCES

• Be countercyclical ;
• Be preferable to foreign aid ;
• Increase a nation’s foreign reserves and thereby reduce
its borrowing costs;
• Be monitored better by intimates than by officials.
 DISADVANTAGES OF REMITTANCES
1. This creates a drain on the economy of the home countries.
2. The money that is infused into the local economy does not necessarily translate into economic
growth and development.
3. Those who receive remittances can become targets of local gangs interested in stealing either
the cash received or the products purchased with that cash.
4.The money sometimes goes to countries that have regimes that are highly dubious, such as
Zimbabwe and North Korea. That is, while those who send the money are supporting, perhaps only
indirectly, regimes of choice, it may be that from a broader global perspective those regimes should
not be supported.
 DISADVANTAGES OF REMITTANCES
5. It is costly to send remittances and those who process such payments also manipulated
exchange rates to further enhance their profits and thereby reduce the actual amount of
money being remitted to developing countries.
6. While they may help, remittances are no cure for poverty.
7. There are problems of those left behind by those who migrate in search of work, such as
broken families, delinquent children, etc.
8. The poorest nations is not the recipient of remittances.
9. We are still talking about relatively small sums of money and it tends to obscure the
problem of exploitation of migrants.
DIASPORA
Dia: between, through Speiro: Scatter
DIASPORA
• It has come to be adopted by various groups to describe their
situation ; it has also come to be used widely in popular media to
describe a range of population movements.
• It is most associated with the dispersion of Jews to many places
in the world in the years before and after the birth of Christ. In
586 BC, Babylonians dispersed the Jews from Judea and in AD
136 it was the Romans who chased the Jews out of Jerusalem.
 DIASPORA
- dispersion, dislocation and de-territorialization of any
population.
- large scale dispersal of religious, ethnic, racial or
national group.
The term has used so widely and loosely that
many complain that diaspora discourse has
lost a consensus on the meaning of the
term . Its meaning have become less clear
and in danger of becoming little more than a
‘buzzword’.
 IDEAL-TYPICAL DIASPORA
SAFRAN

 “ Expatriate minor communities” that are dispersed from some original

central location to two or ore peripheral locations;
 have a collective memory or mythology of their homeland that is maintained
by the community and that binds them together;
 Involve people who are alienated from the country from which they
emanated and are not – and may never be – fully accepted there;
 IDEAL-TYPICAL DIASPORA
SAFRAN

 Involve people who nevertheless idealize a return to their ancestral

homeland and maintain a community to restore their homeland to its former
glories;
 Maintain a relationship to the homeland not only through a commitment of
restoration but also through group solidarity and consciousness resulting
from the commitment.
 IDEAL-TYPICAL DIASPORA
Diaspora can be seen as an involving one, several or all of the
following:
1. Diaspora is a social form.
2. Diaspora involves a type of consciousness.
3. Diaspora is a mode of cultural production.
4. Diaspora is political.
DIASPORIZATION OF
THE WORLD
 Diasporization and globalization is closely
interconnected. The expansion of the latter will
lead to an increase in the former.
• New technologies are playing such an increasing role in
diasporas that it could be argued that we have seen the
emergence of ‘ virtual diasporas ‘.

• These technologies have provided new ways for people to

maintain links with one another and for communities to
maintain themselves and even to create new communities.
The virtual diaspora requires prior
existence of a real diaspora, the real
dispersal of a given population.
THANK YOU 