DAV CENTRE FOR ACADEMIC EXCELLENCE

REGIONAL DIRECTORATE,
DAV INSTITUTIONS
ODISHA ZONE-1
E-CONTENT / QUALITY MATERIAL

STD: VII & VIII

SUBJECT : ENGLISH
NAME OF THE TOPIC:
REPORTED SPEECH / NARRATION

Prepared by:
Ms. Manaswini Mishra
DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL ,CDA
CUTTACK
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 BOOK LINK : PDF FORMAT
ENGLISH PRACTICE BOOK
PUBLISHED BY : DAV COLLEGE MANAGING COMMITTEE
STD- VII
CH-8 REPORTED SPEECH
https://
drive.google.com/file/d/1JvyEJTMQmbS-LHw0-
JX_j2CJMehkaQIo/view?usp=drivesdk

STD-VIII
CH-2 NARRATION
https://
drive.google.com/file/d/1h5D1GEw4M5H8Ceo
dQEYtNgoxK2n1tC50/view?usp=drivesdk

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 LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

Students will be able to-

1. Identify/distinguish direct and indirect

speech.
2. Remember and understand the rules.
3. List the rules for converting direct
speech to indirect speech and vice
versa.
4. Use direct speech with correct
punctuations and various reporting
verbs.

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 INTRODUCTORY QUESTIONS
 What is communication?
 What is speech?
 When two people talk to each other it’s a
_________.

WATCH IT
https://youtu.be/ivz7D4PtZ_Q

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 DIRECT

NARRATION
CHANGE
INDIRECT

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 David said, “I’m baking a chocolate cake for you.’’

David said that he was baking a chocolate cake for me.

Do we find any difference between the two sentences-

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 If we consider these two sentences, we might notice
that both of them convey the same message, but there
is a difference if we look at them closely.

In the first sentence,

David said, “I’m baking a chocolate cake for you.’’

David is conveying about his activities in his own words

without changing it; it is called Direct Speech or we can
say Reporting Speech.

In the second sentence,

David said that he was baking a chocolate cake for me.

The narrator narrates the activities of the speaker to the

audience. This we can say is Indirect Speech or Reported
Speech.

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 A narration sentence has two parts-
 Reporting Verb
 Reported Speech

He said to me, “You are my best friend.”

Reporting verb Reported speech

The part which is The part of the narration

outside the inverted sentence which is in the
commas is called the inverted commas is
Reporting verb. called the Reported
speech.

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 WORKSHEET
PUT THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES IN THEIR PROPER PLACE-

1. "It is too late.“

2. He said that he had a new car.
3. "I was with him last week."
4. "You have always been my friend," said Joe.
5. She said that she could swim.
6. You asked me if they lived here.
DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECH

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 DIRECT VS INDIRECT
Direct speech quotes Indirect speech is also
the exact words spoken. known as reported
speech.

Its purpose is to report Its purpose is to report

exactly what was said by on what someone said in
someone by using the past.
quotation marks.

It is accompanied by a It uses reporting verbs

reporting verb, signal such as “say” , “tell” ,
phrase or quotative “said” , “explained”, and
frame. “asked”, exclaimed.

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 Some of the rules for changing “Direct
Speech” into “Indirect Speech” are:

Reporting verb Inverted

is changed commas are
according to removed in
the form and the indirect-
sense of the speech.
sentences.

Connective Verb of the

word is used reported speech
in is changed
the beginning according to the
of the form and sense
reported of the sentence.
speech.

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 RULES FOR CHANGE OF PRONOUNS

PERSON SUBJECTIVE OBJECTIVE POSSESSIVE

CASE CASE CASE
SINGULAR PLURAL SINGULAR PLURAL SINGULAR PLURAL

1st I WE ME US MY OUR

2nd YOU YOU YOU YOU YOUR YOUR

3rd HE/SHE/IT THEY HIM/HER/ THEM HIS/HER/ THEIR

IT ITS

Pronouns are changed as per the SON rule where SON refers to:
S stands for Subject
O stands for Object
N stands for No change.
 First person changes to subject of Reporting Verb.
 Second person changes to Object of Reporting Verb.
 There is no change if it is a Third person.
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 Rule No 1.
1st Person of pronoun of Reported speech is
changed according to the Subject of Reporting
verb of the sentence.
Direct: He says, “I am in ninth class.”
Indirect: He says that he is in ninth class.

Rule No 2.
2nd Person of pronoun of Reported speech is
changed according to Object of Reporting verb in
the sentence.
Direct: He says to me, “You have done your work”
Indirect: He tells me that I have done my work.

Rule No 3.
3rd Person of Pronoun of Reported speech is not
changed.
Direct: She says, “He does not work hard”
Indirect: She says that he does not work hard.
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 RULES OF CHANGE OF VERB OR TENSE
RULE 1
When reporting verb is given
in Present or Future tense
then there will be no change in
the verb or tense of Reported
speech in the sentence.

RULE 2 Direct: The teacher says,

“Ram performs on the
When the reporting verb is
given in Past tense then the stage.”
tense of the verb of Indirect: The teacher says
Reported Speech will that Ram performs on the
change into stage.
corresponding Past tense.
Direct: The teacher said, “I am
suffering from fever.”
Indirect: The teacher said that
she was suffering from fever.

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 DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECH
Present Simple Past Simple
Present Continuous Past Continuous
R
Past Simple
E Past Perfect

Present Perfect Past Perfect

M
E Past Continuous Past Perfect continuous

M ‘will/shall’ future ‘would’ conditional

B Can Could

E May Might

R Must Had to
REPORTING VERB IN PRESENT/
PRESENT PERFECT/SIMPLE FUTURE
IT DOESN’T CHANGE

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 CHANGE OF TENSE IN REPORTED SPEECH
DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECH
is/am/are was/were
was/were had been
has/have had
had had had
had been no change
do/ does did
did had done
had done no change
will/shall would
may/ can might/could
would/should/might/could/ no change
ought to/used to
must Must / had to (depending on
the context)
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 DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECH
SIMPLE PRESENT: SIMPLE PAST:
He said, “I am happy.” He said that he was happy.

E PRESENT PROGRESSIVE:
He said, “I’m looking for my keys.”
PAST PROGRESSIVE:
He said that he was looking for his keys.

X SIMPLE PAST:
PAST PERFECT SIMPLE:
He said that he had visited New York the

A
He said, “I visited New York last year.”
previous year.

PRESENT PERFECT: PAST PERFECT:

M
He said, “I’ve lived here for a long time.” He said that he had lived there for a long time.

PAST PERFECT: PAST PERFECT:

P He said, “They had finished the work when I

arrived.”
He said that they had finished the work when he
arrived.”

L
PAST PROGRESSIVE: PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE:
He said, “I was playing football when the accident He said that he had been playing football when
occurred.” the accident had occurred.

E PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE:

He said, I have been playing football for two
hours.”
PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE:
He said that he had been playing football for two
hours.

PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE: PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE:

He said, “I had been reading a newspaper when He said that he had been reading a newspaper
the light went off.” when the light had gone off.

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 EXCEPTIONAL CASES
1. When the Reporting speech
has Universal Truth or Habitual
2. When the reporting speech
fact then there is no change in the
has Past Historical Fact then
Tense.
there is no change in the
Direct: Our teacher said, “Mars is
Tense.
round”
Indirect: Our teacher said that Mars
is round.( Universal Truth)

3. When 4. When the Reporting

Reporting speech
has some Imagined
Condition then there is
no change in the Tense.
Direct: He said, “If I
were rich, I would help
him.”
Indirect: He said that if
he were rich he would
help him.
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speech has two actions to
be happening at a time
when there when there is no
change in the Tense.
Direct: He said “My sister was
making lunch when I was
studying”
Indirect: He said that his
sister was making lunch when
she was studying
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 Some other changes that take place when we change Direct Speech to
Indirect Speech.
DIRECT INDIRECT
Here There
Now Then
This That
These Those
Today That day
To-night That night
Yesterday The previous day / the day before
Last night The previous night / the night before
Last week The previous week / the week before
Tomorrow The next day / the day after
Next Week The following week / the week after
Ago Before
Thus so
Hence Thence
Come Go
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 LIST OF REPORTING VERBS
Said Blessed Persuaded Complained
Told Thanked Admired Promised
I
Asked Apologized Refused Begged
M Requested Regretted Offered Threatened
P Advised Informed Allowed Reported
O Exclaimed Commented Invited Insisted

R Proposed Congratulated Inquired Announced

Suggested Denied Instructed Wondered
T Replied Agreed Ordered Commanded
A Added Disagreed Warned Reminded
N Wished Opposed Admitted Argued

T Greeted Explained Urged Pleaded

prayed Praised Answered Repeated
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 TEST YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Read the following dialogue and complete the paragraph below,

using past tense. Write the answers in your answer sheet against
the correct blank number.
On the way from the market a mother and son see beggars on
the sidewalk.
Son: Why are they asking for money, mummy ?
Mother: It is because they are poor, darling.
Son: Can’t we give them the fruits we have bought ?
Mother: We will give them money to buy whatever they choose.

On seeing the beggars the son (a) _______. When the mother replied
that it was because they were poor, the boy wondered (b) _______. The
mother replied that (c) _______.

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 RULES FOR CHANGE IN NARRATION OF
DIFFERENT TYPE OF SENTENCES
ASSERTIVE SENTENCES
DIRECT - You said, "I am learning my lesson.“
INDIRECT - You said that you were learning
R-1 your lesson.
Comma is DIRECT - Alam said to Kriya, "I
removed and shall always help you."
ES

‘that’ is used as INDIRECT - He told them that he

ES
conjunction would always help her.
L

DIRECT - He said, "The students

RU

PL
R-2 were learning their lessons."
‘Say’ is changed to tell, INDIRECT - He said that

AM
‘Said’ to - told, promised, informed, the students had
stated, remarked, reported, argued etc. been learning
their

EX
lessons.
R-3
Tense, personal pronouns, possessives and words
expressing time and place are changed as per the rules

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 ASSERTIVE SENTENCE - WORKSHEET

Read the conversation given below and complete the paragraph that
follows. Write the answers in your answer sheet against the correct
blank number.
Mother: I have washed the car for you today .
Daughter: I am really thankful to you.
Mother: I think you should learn doing your own work now,
Daughter: I have to blow the car dry.

The mother told the daughter that (a) _______. The daughter (b) _______.The
mother (c) _______. But the daughter contradicted by saying that (d)
_______.

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 INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES

RULE 2
Verbal (Yes-No Type Questions)
RULE-1 While changing these questions into
Question mark is indirect speech ‘if’ or ‘whether’ is used
removed and interrogative instead of ‘ that’.
form is changed into Ex.
assertive form. DIRECT: “Is there anybody?” she
Ex. asked.
DIRECT : He said to me, INDIRECT: She asked if/whether
“ What is your name?” anybody, was there.
INDIRECT : He asked me
what my name was.

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 RULE 3
Wh-Type Questions
In these type of questions no
external connector is used.
The wh-used itself acts as a
connector.
DIRECT: He said to me,
“Where do you live?”
INDIRECT: He asked me
where I lived.
RULE 4
“Said to” is changed into-
asked, enquired, demanded
etc.
DIRECT : Tina said, “What will
be the charges?”
INDIRECT: Tina enquired
what the charges would be.

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 INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE - WORKSHEET
Match the sentences in Column A with the correct
answer in Column B-
COLUMN A COLUMN B
Raja said to Mohan, “Are you going home 1. My friend asked me if I would not help him.
today?” 2. My friend asked him-would you not help him

My friend said to me, ‘Will you not help me?” 1. Arvind told his mother that he will not go to
school.
2. Arvind asked his mother if he would not go
school that day.
Shyam said to Dalip, “Did you eat mangoes?” 1. Raja asked Mohan if he was going home
that day.
2. Raja told Mohan if he were going home that
day.
Sima said to Meena, “Could you solve the 1. Sima asked Meena if he might solve the
question yesterday?” question the previous day.
2. Sima asked Meena if she had been able to
solve the question the previous day.
“Mother, won’t I go school today?” said Arvind. 1. Shyam asked Dalip if he had eaten
mangoes.
2. Shyam asken Dalip to eat mangoes.

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 IMPERATIVE SENTENCES

Imperative sentences are of three kinds:

advice, order and request. So, according to the
type of sentence the reporting verb ‘said/said
to’ is changed into ordered requested, advised
etc. And/instead of ‘that’ ‘to’ is used to join the
reported speech.
Ex.
DIRECT: Neena said to him, ” Open your book”.
INDIRECT: Neena ordered him to open his book.

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 IMPERATIVE SENTENCE - WORKSHEET
Read the conversation given below and complete the report.
Write the answers in your answer sheet against the correct blank
number.
Child: I want to balloon, which I can release into the air.
Balloon man: you should be careful with it.
Child: please give me the best colour that can take me high into
the sky.
Balloon man: It is not the colour of the balloon; it is what is inside
that makes it go

A child told a balloon man that (a) _______. The balloon man (b)
_______. The child then (c) _______. The balloon man replied (d)
_______.

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 ACTIVITY

GROUP -1
IMAGINE YOURSELF TO BE A TEACHER ABOUT TO CONDUCT AN
EXAMINATION. LIST THE INSTRUCTIONS YOU WOULD GIVE TO THE
STUDENTS.
GROUP 2
WILL CHANGE THE INSTRUCTIONS AND ADVICE INTO REPORTED SPEECH

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 EXCLAMATORY SENTENCE

While changing exclamatory sentences into

indirect speech, the reporting verb is changed
into exclaimed with joy, sorrow etc.
‘What, how’ are changed into very, great etc.

Ex.
Direct: He said, “What a great idea!”
Indirect: He exclaimed that it was a great idea.

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 EXCLAMATORY SENTENCE - WORKSHEET
CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER-
1. She said, “ What a great idea!”
a. She exclaimed with great wonder that it was a great idea.
b. She exclaimed with great wonder that what a great idea.
c. She exclaimed with great wonder that it had been a great idea.
2. She said, “What an amazing car it is!”
d. She exclaimed with wonder that what an amazing it was.
e. She exclaimed with wonder that it was an amazing car.
f. She exclaimed with wonder that what an amazing it is.
3. Captain said, “Bravo! you got a catch.”
g. Captain applauded me that I had got a good catch.
h. Captain said you got a good catch.
i. Captain told me you got a good catch.

CHECK YOUR ANSWER

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1gORhFIEt-
IcE--PhjyD2KrzAjvEGdXDn/view?usp=drivesdk
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 WORKSHEET (BASIC)
Change the following sentences into indirect speech-
1. Nagesh said, “The sun rises in the east.”
2. The doctor said to me, “The climate of this city won’t suit
you.”
3. Priya says, “The Earth is round.
4. The teacher said to the students, “Complete your work.”
5. He said, “What a terrible night it is!”
6. Sita said to Praveen, “I will return your money tomorrow.”
7. Ashu said to his friend, “Are you willing to share your books
with me?”
8. My mother said to the stranger, “What is the purpose of your
coming?”
9. The Principal said to the parents, “Please sit inside the hall.”
10. She said, “May God bless her with a child!”
CHECK YOUR ANSWERS
https://
drive.google.com/file/d/16x2g1b7bEUXntGuU
3c1qbrsZ1JXIGakz/view?usp=drivesdk Work is Worship
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 WORKSHEET (STANDARD)
Read the dialogue and complete the passage given
below.
Interviewer: So, why do you want to be a computer
programmer?
Ravi: Well, I have always been interested in computers.
Interviewer: I see. Do you have any experience?
Ravi: No, but I’m a fast learner.
Interviewer: What kind of a computer do you use?
Ravi: Computer? Uhm, let me see. I can use a Mac. I
also used Windows 10 once.
Interviewer: That’s good.

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Ravi recently attended an interview for the selection of a
computer programmer. At the interview, he was asked
(a) ……………………….. To this question he replied that he
wanted to change his job because (b) ………………………..
When the interviewer asked him (c) ………………………. he
replied that he (d) ……………………….. Finally, the
interviewer wanted to know (e) ………………………. . Ravi
replied that he could use a Mac and had also used
Windows 10 once in the past. The interviewer seemed to be
pleased with his answers.

CHECK YOUR ANSWERS

https://
drive.google.com/file/d/1gRvzV2aZG38ZUf0jmzBDW
C4XCRmL03dg/view?usp=drivesdk Work is Worship
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 WORKSHEET (ADVANCED)
Write the indirect speech of the passage given-

Father : Why did you go to the market today?

Son : I had to buy some material to do my project.
Father : Who gave you the project?
Son : My science teacher gave the project.
Father : Do you need any money for it?

CHECK YOUR ANSWERS

https://
drive.google.com/file/d/1UIu5IwUblZh3VMwTdzPVGFe
V0zn8Gnhk/view?usp=drivesdk

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 ART INTEGRATION
 Prepare a chart of reporting verbs for the classroom display
board. (You can refer to the chart given).
 Arrange a virtual interview with your grand parents and ask
them about the education system prevailing in their times.

EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING
One of my student has seen the virtual interview of Sachin
Tendulkar while her Mom was not at home. After her mother
returns home, she narrates the interview to her. ( she has learnt
the usage of indirect speech in her day-to-day life)

WATCH THIS
https://youtu.be/gsBW1t2xlZk

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 CONCEPT MAP

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 LEARNING OUTCOMES:

Students will be able to-

1. Remember the rules and use in their day-to-
day conversation.
2. Use reported speech correctly in oral
discussions.
3. Write news reports.

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 U ED
YO K
K AN
A N H
T ME
TH HE

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