Evolution of Philippine

Politics and Governance

Week 2
 67,000 47,000
3,000 BC

CALLAO MAN TABON MAN NEGRITO

(Homo luzonensis) (Home sapiens) (Groups of Austronesians)
S
discovered in Callao discovered in the Tabon first inhabitants to
Caves near Peneblanca, Caves in Quezon, settle in the prehistoric
Cagayan in 2007 Palawan Island in 1962. Philippines
 POLITIES
14th CENTURY
10th CENTURY

A form or process of
civil government or
constitution

Indian Hindu religion Islam from Arabia

 The Pre-Spanish Government.

“balangay”

The Maharlika (Nobles) Alipin (Slaves)

The Timawas(Freemen)
 March 16, 1521

-Discovered a route named after him the

“Strait of Magellan”
-Completed the first circumnavigation of
the earth.
-Through Juan Sebastian del Cano.
-First landed in Homonhon Island
-Planted a cross in Limasawa island
-Name the island “Archipelago of Saint
Lazaru”

Ferdinand Magellan
 1525 1542-1943
-Triedto claim the -Remembered for naming our
Molucca Island (Island of 1526 country “Islas Filipinas,
Spies) 1527
-chief Pilot is Elcano

Sebastian Ruy Lopez de

Garcia Jofre de Cabot Villalobos
Loaisa Alvaro de
Saavedra
 1564-1565
-Left Acapulco with 5 ships
-Landed in Cebu Island
-Became First governor general
-Was the most successful European
expedition.
-Established the first permanent
settlement in Cebu
-Established the City of Manila
with Andres de Urdaneta.
-Ordered the construction of the
walled city of Intramuros
-Successfully established
Christianity the very legacy of
A priest who had Spain
survived the Loaisa Miguel López de
mission Legazpi
 Legazpi died of heart failure on San Agustin Church
August 20, 1572. He was laid to rest in is considered the oldest church in
San Agustin Church, Intramuros. the Philippines that's made of stone.
 Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade

The 20,000-mile roundtrip trade route was the first direct Asian-
American commerce
-The Philippines was governed
indirectly by the King of Spain
through the Viceroy of Mexico.

-After Mexico gained freedom in

1821, the Philippines was ruled
directly by Spain until 1898.

-The national government was

headed by a Spanish
Governador- General, who was
appointed by the king of Spain.
 Frailocracy

“Rule of Friars”

1565- Augustinian 1587- Dominicans

1577- Franciscans 1606- Recollects
1581- Jesuits 1895- Benedictines
The pope gave the king of Spain the power of patronato real, the
State and the Church in the Philippines was unified.

Thus, the colonial government appoints and pays the salaries of the
archbishops, bishops and the parish priests.

The government also funds the churches, schools and charities run
by these religious orders.
-The parish priest is the most powerful figure in a town or pueblo.
Even if he is the only Spaniard in town, he was feared and obeyed
by the people, and was often kissed on the hands as a sign of
respect and of his great influence.

Frailocracy ended during the dawn of the Philippine Republic and

the early part of the American Occupation.
 A friar who served as the
Archbishop of Manila and Governor-
General of the Philippines at the
commencement of the
British occupation of Manila.

Manuel Rojo
 Why the
Philippines was
easily
conquered?

WHY?
October 1762 - April 1764
British Empire

The Seven Years War

(1756-1763);

William Draper -The Treaty of

Paris
13 ships and over
6,000 troops
 1898 June 12, 1898

Spanish-American Battle of Manila -Philippine Declaration of

War Bay Independence
-First Philippine Republic
Concluded by the
Treaty of Paris
 1899 to 1902
December 2, 1899

The Philippine American War

Battle of Tirad Pass
 THE JONES
ACT
Jones Act, formally Philippine
Autonomy Act of 1916, statute
announcing the intention of the United
States government to “withdraw their
sovereignty over the Philippine Islands
as soon as a stable government can be
established therein.”
 Tydings-McDuffie
Act
Tydings-McDuffie Act, also called
Philippine Commonwealth and
Independence Act, (1934), the U.S. statute
that provided for Philippine independence,
to take effect on July 4, 1946, after a 10-
year transitional period of Commonwealth
government. The bill was signed by U.S.
Pres. Franklin D. Roosevelt on March 24,
1934.
 November 15, 1935

The Philippine
Commonwealth was
established, as a 10-year
interim step prior to full
independence Manuel Luis Quezon y Molina
“First president of the
Philippine Commonwealth”
 1941-1945
Manila was occupied by the Japanese
on January 2, 1942
The joint American and Filipino
soldiers in Bataan finally
surrendered on April 9, 1942
The 76,000 captured soldiers were
forced to embark on the infamous
Japanese Occupation of "Death March”. Estimated 10,000
the Philippines prisoners died
December 8, 1941
 1943
“the puppet government”
Laurel offered his services to the
Japanese, and, because of
his criticism of U.S. rule of the
Philippines, he held a series of
high posts in 1942–43, climaxing
José P. Laurel in his selection as president in
1943.
October 1944
I s hal l
return!!

Sergio Osmeña

-Founder of the Nationalist Party

POST-WAR REHABILITATION
 July 4, 1946
The Philippines Gained
Independence from the
United States

Paul V. McNutt
-The last American High Commissioner
-First US Ambassador to the Republic of the
Philippines