Module 2

DISCIPLINES
OF
COUNSELING
 Introduction:
This module helps you understand the basic concepts of the counseling. You will be guided to help you
achieve deeper understanding on the goals and scope of counseling.
Learning Objectives: (SET THE DIRECTION)
Generally, at the end of the module, you are expected to demonstrate a high level of understanding of
the basic concepts of counseling through a presentation of a situation in which practitioners of
counseling work together to assist individuals, groups, or communities involved in difficult situations
( e.g., post disaster, court hearing about separation of celebrity couple, cyber bullying.
Specifically, as a learner, you are expected
1. to identify the goals and scope of counseling.
2. Infer your own perspective on the purpose of counseling by citing applicable situation.

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Four Pics-One Word
Self-Check
Your Answer here:

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 Vocabulary Activity:
What words describe these statements?
Choose and circle your answers from the
other box. Choices:
1. to aid (someone to do something), assist guide
especially by sharing the work, cost, or block harm
burden of something help
2. to improve the condition of something
3. to relieve (someone) in need, sickness,
pain, or distress

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When was the last time you ask for help? ____________________________________
To whom did you ask from help: ___________________________________________
Why did you ask for help? ________________________________________________
Learning Activities 1: REBOOT YOUR MEMORY
• What profession helps address a person’s specific projects, business successes,
general conditions and transitions in life, relationships, or profession.
________________________________________
• What is the field of applied social sciences that provides guidance, help, and support to
individuals who are distraught by a diverse set of problems in their lives.
________________________________________

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 Learning Activities 3: READ AND
ANALYZE
What Counseling is NOT?
Put a check before the statement if it is correct and a cross if it is NOT.
  The counselor shares confidential personal information with another family member
when there is no handled by professionally trained person who helped solved problems
to orient and direct him towards a goal.
  The counselor attempts to solve the problem compelling reason to do so.
  The counselor forms a too-close relationship with a client
  The counselor labels the client.
  Counselling is a specific process of assistance extended by an expert in an individual
situation to a needy person

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1. Counseling – For Nystul (2003) defined it as basically an art and a science
wherein you endeavor to weigh the objective and subjective facets of the
counseling process.
2. As an art is the subjective dimension of counseling. It upholds a flexible and
creative process whereby the counselor modifies the approach to meet the
developing needs of the clients.
3. As a science, on the other hand, is the objective dimension of the counseling
process.
4. In practical terms, counseling happens when a person who is distressed asks for help and permit
another person to enter into a kind of connection with him/her. It is indicative with formal of someone in
search of counseling requests for time and attention from person who will listen, who will allow him/her
to speak and who will not condemn and criticize him/her.
5. Informal helping- is a kin with formal helping in some ways such as presence of good listening skills,
empathy, and caring capacity.
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6. Based on Guidance and Counseling Act of 2004, guidance and counseling is
the profession that implicates the application of “ an integrated approach to the development of a well-
functioning individual “ through the provision of support that aids an individual to use his/her potential to
the fullest in accord with his/her interest , needs and abilities. (University of Queensland, 2015).
7. At the American Counseling Association (ACA) Conference in Pittsburgh in
March 2010, the representatives come to an agreement on a mutual definition of counseling. They agreed
that counseling is a professional relationship that
empowers diverse individuals, families and group to accomplish mental health,
wellness, education, and career goals (Kaplan, Tarvydas, and Gladding, 2014).
8. Counseling is a discipline that is involved in the provision of advice or
guidance in decision-making especially in emotionally significant situations.
It is a avenue where trustworthy experts help clients explore and understand
their worlds and so discover better ways of thinking and living.

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Counseling?
The ultimate aim of counseling is to enable the client to make their own choices, reach their
own decisions and act on them. (www. skillsyouneed.com)
Goals of Counseling – the key component of individual, group, organizational and
community success
-Detailed and expansive counseling goals have been identified by Gibson and Mitchell
(2003), which are as follows:
1. Development Goals – assist in meeting or advancing the clients human growth and
development including social, personal, emotional, cognitive, and physical wellness.
2. Preventive Goals – helps the client avoid some undesired outcome. E.g. failing grades,

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3. Enhancement Goals- enhance special skills and abilities.
4. Remedial Goals – assisting a client to overcome and treat an undesirable development
5. Exploratory Goals- examining options, testing of skills, trying new and different
activities, etc.
6. Reinforcement Goals- helps client in recognizing, that what they are doing, thinking, and
feeling is fine
7. Cognitive Goals-involves acquiring the basic foundation of learning and cognitive skills
8. Physiological Goals – involves acquiring the basic understanding and habits for good
health
9. Psychological Goals – aids in developing good social interaction skills, learning
emotional control, and developing positive self – concept.

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 Goal Description

Insight Understanding of the origins and development of emotional difficulties,

leading to an increased capacity to take rational
control over feelings and actions

Relating with others Becoming better able to form and maintain meaningful and satisfying
relationships with other people: for example , within the family or workplace

Self- awareness Becoming more aware of thoughts and feelings that had been blocked off
or denied, or developing a more accurate sense of
how self is perceived by others.

Self- acceptance The development of a positive attitude toward self, marked by an

ability to acknowledge areas of experience that had been the subject
of self- criticism and rejection

Self – actualization Moving in the direction of fulfilling potential or achieving an integration of

previously conflicting
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parts of self.
Goal Description

Enlightenment Assisting the client to arrive at a higher state of spiritual awakening

Problem- Solving Finding a solution to a specific problem that the client had not been able to resolve
alone. Acquiring a general competence in problem – solving
Psychological Enabling the client to acquire ideas and techniques with which to understand and
education control behavior
Acquisition of Social Learning and mastering social and interpersonal skills such as maintenance of eye
Skills contact , turn taking in conversations, assertive, or anger control
Cognitive change The modification or replacement of irrational beliefs or mal adaptive thought patterns
associated with self- destructive behavior
Behavior change The modification or replacement of maladaptive or self_x0002_destructive patterns of
behavior.
Systematic change Introducing change into the way in that social systems operate

Empowerment Working on skills , awareness, and knowledge that will enable

to client to take control of his or her own life
Restitution Helping the client to make amends for previous destructive
behavior

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Generality Inspiring in the person a desire and capacity to care for others and pass on
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 Scope of Counseling
The scope and field of counseling has widened as the human problems are wide in range.
Broadly, the scope of counseling includes individual counseling, marital and premarital
counseling, family counseling, and community counseling.

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Activity 3 create a Mind Map that will illustrate
your enablers (people who help you in times of
need). On the next level, write down the issues or
problem you can ask from. Explain your answer.

FAMILY SCHOOL

COMMUNITY

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Activity 4 Think of two (2) situations wherein you needed any form of assistance about life
matters: academics, relationships, family, identity, and financial concerns, with whom did
you share your problem? Discuss each on the first column. On the 2nd column, briefly
write how you were able to overcome those. On the last column, write the names of your
enablers whom you shared your problems and helped you, state how he/she helped you.

My needed assistance How I overcome those? Who helped me? How

(problems, issues, crisis) (the kind of help I got) he/she helped me.

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Assignment No.2

As a Grade 12 HUMSS Student and as a growing and

developing teenager, you definitely experiencing
problems and issues in different aspects of your life.
Relate any of your major difficulties with the goals of
counseling. In 200 words, answer How will
counselling help you get through with your
problems? Make sure that you aligned your problems
with the counseling goals. Write your answer on a
separate paper. Attach it in this module. Example:
Counseling Goal: Remedial Goals - Problems: Low
Grades (answer the question written in bold letters)
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THANKS!
Any questions?

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