BRITISH MILITARY ADVISORY TRAINING TEAM (CZ)

PEACE SUPPORT
OPERATIONS
3.1 Basic Map Reading

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 Interest/Need

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 Basic Map Reading

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 Range
 Question Policy
 During this lesson I will be asking you questions
throughout.
 I will give you chance at various stages of the lesson to ask
questions.
 Notes Policy
 You are required to take notes.

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 Objective
 4 and 6 Figure Grid
 Set a Compass and map north
 Bearings
 Distance
 Features (relief)

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 Maps information

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 Maps and the Grid
System 8

 Longitude/ latitude
 Latitude – fig 1
 Longitude – fig 2
 Determine exact point on a
map
 Meridian line, runs through
Greenwich in London

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 Map awareness

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 Map information
 Vertical interval
 Age
 GMA
 Scale

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 Light weight compass and
Romers

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 Lightweight Compass

 Base plate
 Liquid filled housing / rotation
graduated dial
 Magnetic pointer
 Meridian lines
 Orienting line
 Index line
 Direction arrow
 Romers
 Magnifying lens

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 Map Symbols

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 Map Symbols
 Line Symbols
 Buildings
 Trees & Landscape
 Water Features
 Abbreviations & Words

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 Line Symbols

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 Buildings

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 Trees and Landscapes

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 Water features

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 Abbreviations and words

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 Four figure grids

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 Grid References
 Left to right – Easting's
 (Along the corridor)
 Bottom to top – Northing's
 (Up the stairs)
 Along the corridor, up the stairs
 Grids the same on any map.
 Scale differs.

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 Example – Four Figure Grid

 Move across the Easting to

easting 80
 Move up the Northings to
northing 90
 80-90

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 Four figure grid
confirmation

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 Four figure grids confirmation
 Name the Buildings at grid (42- 70)
 Ferdinasko
 Feature/spot height (42–67)
 Heli tower/ 451
 Spot height (42-69)
 Srnci Vrch 546
 Trig point (40-69)
 Lipov 477.3 (trig point)
 Spot height (39-71)
 496 (spot height)

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 Four figure confirmation

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 Romers

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 Romers

 1:25000 – 6 FIG GRID,

ACCURATE TO 50M
 1:50000 – 6 FIG GRID,
ACCURATE TO 100M

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 Grids Using a Romer 28

 The corner of the romer is placed onto the centre of object you
want to locate.
 Worship with spire 672 131
 Trig point 674 135
 Church 678 139

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 Six figure grids

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 Example – Six Figure Grid

 1:50000 map grid square=1km

 10 x 100m intervals

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 Six Figure Grid 31

 Move across the Easting 64 to

easting 646
 Move up the Northings 50 to
northing 504
 646-504

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 Questions 32

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 Six figure grids
confirmation

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 Six figure grids confirmation
 Building at grid 424-701
 Ferdinasko
 Building (helicopter tower) next
to spot height 451)
 426 – 678
 Spot height (Srnci Vrch 546)
 429 – 692
 Trig point (Lipov 477.3)
 409 – 695
 468.8 Trig point
 398 – 711

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 Question

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 Confirmation 36

 Place your romer on Grid 404-674. what is the feature?

 Stream Junction

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 Scale and straight line
distance

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 Scale
 Scale is the relationship between the distance on the ground
and the distance on the map

1.5 KM

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 Scale
 On different map scales, the grid square will be different sizes.
However the real distance on the ground stays the same i.e.
1KM

 1:50,000 map – Each grid square measures 2 cm and represents 1

km on the ground.
 1:25,000 map – Each grid square measures 4 cm and represents 1
km on the ground.
 1:100,000 map – Each grid square measures 1 cm and represents
1 km on the ground.

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 Straight line distance

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 Straight line distance

1.5 Km

2 Km

3 Km

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 Straight line distance
confirmation

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 Straight distance confirmation
 From 426-678 to 429-692
 Distance 1500m (1.5km)
 From 429-692 to 409-695
 Distance 2100m (2.1km)
 From 409-693 to 398-711
 Distance 2000m (2km)

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 North and Bearings

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 Finding North with a Map and Silva compass
 Set the compass dial to NORTH
 Once the needle is aligned with the direction line and between
the two dots the compass is facing magnetic NORTH
 To orientate the map to north, simply place the compass in line
with one of the easting's, then rotate the map until the arrow it
is in line with the compass.

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 Finding North a Map and Silva compass

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 Questions

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 Taking a Magnetic Bearing 48

 Point the compass

towards the feature you
have identified then twist
the compass capsule until
you achieve “Red on Red”

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 Plotting a grid bearing

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 Questions

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 Grid Bearings with the Compass
 Use a flat surface away from metal objects
 Place the long side of the compass in the direction of travel
 Rotate the dial until the north arrow and Meridian lines are on
line with the Easting's (i.e. up the map)
 Where the line of travel cuts through the point you wish to
move to, then read the bearing from the compass.

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 Grid Bearings with the Compass 52

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 Question

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 Bearings confirmation

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 Grid bearings confirmation
 From 426-678 to 429-692
 Bearing 0250 - 0300
 From 429-692 to 409-693
 Bearing 4950 - 5000
 From 409-693 to 398-711
 Bearing 5800 - 5850

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 Shape of ground Types of
slope

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 How relief is shown
 Contours:
 Connective line above sea level
 calculate heights (Contour index)
 steepness of ground (Contour Lines)
 shape of ground

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 Even Slopes
Contours evenly spread

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 Concave Slope
Contours far apart then
closer together

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 Convex Slope
Contours close together
moving further apart

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 Combination
Slope
Contours far apart, closer,
far apart

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  Re-entrant
A small depression in a slope
or a small valley.

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  Saddle
A low point between two
linked hills.

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  Ridge
Long narrow hill, or series of
linked hills.

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 Spur

 A spur is a projection or salient of high ground from a ridge

into a valley. They are shown by hairpin bends pointing
down towards the low ground

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 Relief confirmation

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 Confirmation
 What is the feature at grid 379-729?
 Re-entrant
 What is the type of slope in grid 427-728?
 Convex slope
 What is the feature in grid 402-671?
 Spur

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 Route card

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 Route Cards 69

 Contains details of your intended route

 Benefits:
 It concentrates your mind on the route and aids sensible planning
 It is a safety requirement that you can leave with you op’s room
whilst on operations, or in peace time / training a friend or work
colleague
 It acts as a log and provides useful data during and after the
patrol/ journey
 Tactically it allows other patrols to know your location and duration
of your patrol

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 Developing Route Cards - Distance

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 Developing route card – Leg to leg

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 Route Following Skills
 Be aware of your surroundings.
 Relate map to ground
 Know how to estimate distances by eye.
 Know how to calculate distances travelled
 Develop a "sense of direction".
 Competently use a compass to march on a bearing, check
position and direction.
 Trust your compass!!!

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 Following a Planned Route -
Checklist 73

 Set / orientate map  Pick markers

 Locate position on map
 Read route card
 Identify route on map
 Identify start direction on
ground
 Note direction of travel
 Set the compass
 Boundaries on ground
 Note start time on route card
 Work out your checkpoint eta
 Is everyone ok?
 Left any equipment?
 Always nominate a check
navigator

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 Questions

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 Summary 75

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 Objective
 4 and 6 Figure Grid
 Set a Compass and map north
 Bearings
 Distance
 Features (relief)

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 Link

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