VIVEKANANDA GLOBAL

UNIVERSITY,JAIPUR-303017
 COURSE NAME : FIELD CROP – 1 [KHARIF]
 COURSE CODE : ABM – 301
 CO ORDINATOR : Dr. ANJALI TIWARI
 CO – COORDINATORS : S.MEGHANA
SK. ZUBER
R.CHANDRAKANTH
 COURSE : ABM – A BATCH
INTRODUCTION TO PULSES
CROPS
 PULSES CROPS : Pulses are leguminous crops
that are harvested solely for the dry seed .
• Dried beans , chick peas , lentils and peas are
the most commonly known and consumed
types of pulses.
• Pulses are very high in protein and fibre and
very low in fat.
• Here, we are going to study some of the
important pulses crops.
 GREEN GRAM : Vigna radiata
Family : Fabaceae
Chromosome no: 2n=24
 ORIGIN : Green gram is native to the “Indo-Myanmar”
region.
 Geographic distribution :
Green gram is cultivated in India , Myanmar , China ,
Philippines , Australia , Thailand , Iran , Pakistan ,
Vietnam , Korea , Indonesia , Sri lanka,
and U.S.A.
• In India mung bean ranks third among the pulse crops
after chick pea and red gram . Green gram is grown in
Andhra Pradesh , Orissa , Maharashtra , Madhya Pradesh ,
Rajasthan , Bihar , Gujarat and Tamil nadu.
 Botany : Green gram is erect or semi-erect
herbaceous annual , with slight tendency for
twinning in the upper branches.
1. The leaves are 5 – 10 cm long , trifoliate , with long
petioles.
2. Self –pollination is the rule.
3. It produces 6-10cm long hairy pods which are
round , slender and used to bear out 7- 11 seeds in
them.
4. The colour of the seed is usually green.
 GROWTH STAGES IN GREEN GRAM :
STAGES CROP DURATION (DAYS )

Emergence 5-7
20
Seedlings
30
Vegetative stage
30-40
Flowering stage
40-45
Pod iniation stage
45-60
Soft dough stage
Hard dough stage 60-75

Physiological maturity 75-90

 Climate: It is short day plant and it is “ thermo-
sensitive”. Flowering is being delayed by long photo-
periods while hastened by high
temperatures .temperature beyond 40º C is harmful to
the crop while 27-35 º C is optimum temperature for
seed germination and plant growth . it is sensitive to
low temperature and is killed by frost . The crop is
favoured by dry weathers during pod ripening to
facilitate seed harvest and prevent seed damage.
 SOILS : It is cultivated in well drained loamy or sandy
loam soils.
 Season : it is grown during June-July & September –
October under rainfed condition. Whereas it is raised
during Febraury-March under irrigated conditions.
 SEED RATE : Seed rate for pure crop & inter crop is
20-25 & 10 kg/ha respectively.
 Seed treatment : Treat the seed with ‘ carbendazim” or
“ Thiram “@ 2 kg/ha of seed for the prevention of soil
borne diseases.
 Spacing : Spacing for pure crop is 30× 10 cm. dibble
the seed adopting a spacing of 30×10 cm in wet land or
garden land. If germinated with in 3-4 days after
sowing with 50% available soil moisture.
 Nutrient management : FYM 12.5 TONNES / ha with
12.5 -25.0 and 25 – 50 kg N , P2O5 & K2O/ ha
respectively. spray 2 % DAP at the time of 1st
appearance of flowers and then 2nd Spray 15 days later.
 Water management :water requirement for green Gram
is 3.2mm per day .green gram root penetrates 12-17.5
cm. it is highly responsive to irrigation .critical stages
for irrigation are pre-flowering , flowering & grain
filling stage ( 45 days ). Flowering begins at 30 days
and flowering is complete in all plants by 38 days .
Avoid water stagnation at all stages
 Harvest : green gram simultaneously has green
leaves , open flowers , green pods & ripe pods .The
mature pods are commonly picked as they ripen .
 YEILD :