tHe concept of pH value

So wHat is pH really?
tHe pH of a solution is a measurement of the
concentration of hydrogen ions

Think of water (H₂O)

Water can be “broken up” into two ions

+
Hydrogen ions (H⁺)
and Hydroxide ions (OH⁻) -
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tHe strength of an acid
or a base is determined
by its value on the pH
scale
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 pH Scale = range form number one to fourteen

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 Where do acids and bases come in?
Acid Neutral Base
pH value < 7 pH value = 7 pH value > 7

Comes from the This is not an acid The chemical opposite

Latin word ‘acer’ of an acid.
or a base. It is
meaning sour. React neutral. It has caustic
with with metals properties.
and other substances AKA: Alkali
and eat them away The higher the number
the more basic the
substance
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How can I know what the
pH of a substance is?
 Chemical indicators
✘ An indicator is a dye or chemical that
changes colour in the presence of an acid
or a base.
✘ Indicators can therefore tell us if
something is an acid, a base or neutral.
✘ Some are natural substance and others are
made from chemicals
1…………..
…………………….7…………………...
8
………….14
 There are two kinds
of indicators

Natural indicators Commercial (chemi

cal) indicators

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 Natural Indicators
These indicators are made from natural substances such as:
➔ Red cabbage
➔ Beetroot
➔ Red onion
➔ Turmeric
Natural indicators can be prepared by boiling red cabbage
leaves in water and allowing the resultant solution to cool . The
water is violet in a natural solution. The colour changes red or
pink in an acid solution and green or yellow in a basic solution

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 Natural Indicators

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 Chemical Indicators

These indicators are made from chemicals

and include indicators called:
➔ Universal Indicator
➔ Litmus
➔ Bromothymol Blue
➔ Phenolphthalein

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 Chemical Indicators

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Colour changes of
these indicators

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 Credits
Special thanks to all the people who made and
released these awesome resources for free:
✘ Presentation template by SlidesCarnival
✘ Infographics by CompoundChem
✘ Icons by Flaticon and Bitmoji

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