Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)

Understanding what happens

120 120
when fuel burns off.
80 80

40 40 Example:
FUEL
Full Fuel at 2154 LBS, using
0
REMAINING
0
12 LBS per minute.
2145 2 Pilots
5 Pax
FUEL QTY
Take-Off at 1700 LLBS X 100 Boot 100 LBS
T/O WT 11,280 LBS
CG 136” @ T/O

Burn 1
245 LBS

Fuel
Fuelisisinitially
initiallyused
usedfrom
fromthe
theUpper
Upper
Burn 3
464 LBS
Tanks
Tanks
12000
Burn 5 11000
538 LBS 10000
Burn 4 Burn 2 Burn 6
212 LBS 321 LBS 374 LBS 9000
8000
LBS
Not to Scale
For Illustration
purposes only

FWD Tank MID Tank AFT Tank To Engines 130 134 138 140 144
Fuel is transferred from the FWD tank to
the MID tank, then to the MAIN. Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)
Understanding what happens
120 120
when fuel burns off.
80 80

40 40 Example:
FUEL
Full Fuel at 2154 LBS, using
0
REMAINING
0
12 LBS per minute.
2020 2 Pilots
5 Pax
FUEL QTY
Take-Off at 1700 LLBS X 100 Boot 100 LBS
T/O WT 11,280 LBS
Flight Time 10 MINS
CG 136” @ T/O
Fuel used 120 LBS

Burn 1
245 LBS

Fuel
Fuelisisinitially
initiallyused
usedfrom
fromthe
theUpper
Upper
Burn 3
464 LBS
Tanks
Tanks
12000
Burn 5 11000
538 LBS 10000
Burn 4 Burn 2 Burn 6
212 LBS 321 LBS 374 LBS 9000
8000
LBS
Not to Scale
For Illustration
purposes only

FWD Tank MID Tank AFT Tank To Engines 130 134 138 140 144
Fuel is transferred from the FWD tank to
the MID tank, then to the MAIN. Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)
Understanding what happens
120 120
when fuel burns off.
80 80

40 40 Example:
FUEL
Full Fuel at 2154 LBS, using
0
REMAINING
0
12 LBS per minute.
1914 2 Pilots
5 Pax
FUEL QTY
Take-Off at 1700 LLBS X 100 Boot 100 LBS
T/O WT 11,280 LBS
Flight Time 20 MINS
CG 136” @ T/O
Fuel used 240 LBS

AsAsfirst
firststand
standpipe
pipeisisuncovered,
uncovered,fuel
fuel Burn 1
isisthen used from the MID tanks.
then used from the MID tanks.
245 LBS

Burn 3
464 LBS

12000
Burn 5 11000
538 LBS 10000
Burn 4 Burn 2 Burn 6
212 LBS 321 LBS 374 LBS 9000
8000
LBS
Not to Scale
For Illustration
purposes only

FWD Tank MID Tank AFT Tank To Engines 130 134 138 140 144
Fuel is transferred from the FWD tank to
the MID tank, then to the MAIN. Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)
Understanding what happens
120 120
when fuel burns off.
80 80

40 40 Example:
FUEL
Full Fuel at 2154 LBS, using
0
REMAINING
0
12 LBS per minute.
1794 2 Pilots
5 Pax
FUEL QTY
Take-Off at 1700 LLBS X 100 Boot 100 LBS
T/O WT 11,280 LBS
Flight Time 30 MINS
CG 136” @ T/O
Fuel used 360 LBS

AsAsfirst
firststand
standpipe
pipeisisuncovered,
uncovered,fuel
fuel Burn 1
isisthen used from the MID tanks.
then used from the MID tanks.
245 LBS

Burn 3
464 LBS

12000
Burn 5 11000
538 LBS 10000
Burn 4 Burn 2 Burn 6
212 LBS 321 LBS 374 LBS 9000
8000
LBS
Not to Scale
For Illustration
purposes only

FWD Tank MID Tank AFT Tank To Engines 130 134 138 140 144
Fuel is transferred from the FWD tank to
the MID tank, then to the MAIN. Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)
Understanding what happens
120 120
when fuel burns off.
80 80

40 40 Example:
FUEL
Full Fuel at 2154 LBS, using
0
REMAINING
0
12 LBS per minute.
1674 2 Pilots
5 Pax
FUEL QTY
Take-Off at 1700 LLBS X 100 Boot 100 LBS
T/O WT 11,280 LBS
Flight Time 40 MINS
CG 136” @ T/O
Fuel used 480 LBS

AsAsfirst
firststand
standpipe
pipeisisuncovered,
uncovered,fuel
fuel Burn 1
isisthen used from the MID tanks.
then used from the MID tanks.
245 LBS

Burn 3
464 LBS

12000
Burn 5 11000
538 LBS 10000
Burn 4 Burn 2 Burn 6
212 LBS 321 LBS 374 LBS 9000
8000
LBS
Not to Scale
For Illustration
purposes only

FWD Tank MID Tank AFT Tank To Engines 130 134 138 140 144
Fuel is transferred from the FWD tank to
the MID tank, then to the MAIN. Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)
Understanding what happens
120 120
when fuel burns off.
80 80

40 40 Example:
FUEL
Full Fuel at 2154 LBS, using
0
REMAINING
0
12 LBS per minute.
1554 2 Pilots
5 Pax
FUEL QTY
Take-Off at 1700 LLBS X 100 Boot 100 LBS
T/O WT 11,280 LBS
Flight Time 50 MINS
CG 136” @ T/O
Fuel used 600 LBS

Burn 1
245 LBS
When
Whenthe
theMID
MIDtanks
tanksare
are
depleted,
depleted, the next burnisis
the next burn Burn 3
464 LBS
from
fromthe
theUpper
Uppertanks
tanks
again
again Burn 5
12000
11000
538 LBS 10000
Burn 4 Burn 2 Burn 6
212 LBS 321 LBS 374 LBS 9000
8000
LBS
EMPTY Not to Scale
For Illustration
purposes only

FWD Tank MID Tank AFT Tank To Engines 130 134 138 140 144
Fuel is transferred from the FWD tank to
the MID tank, then to the MAIN. Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)
Understanding what happens
120 120
when fuel burns off.
80 80

40 40 Example:
FUEL
Full Fuel at 2154 LBS, using
0
REMAINING
0
12 LBS per minute.
1434 2 Pilots
5 Pax
FUEL QTY
Take-Off at 1700 LLBS X 100 Boot 100 LBS
T/O WT 11,280 LBS
Flight Time 60 MINS
CG 136” @ T/O
Fuel used 720 LBS

Burn 1
245 LBS
When
Whenthe
theMID
MIDtanks
tanksare
are
depleted,
depleted, the next burnisis
the next burn Burn 3
464 LBS
from
fromthe
theUpper
Uppertanks
tanks
again
again Burn 5
12000
11000
538 LBS 10000
Burn 4 Burn 2 Burn 6
212 LBS 321 LBS 374 LBS 9000
8000
LBS
EMPTY Not to Scale
For Illustration
purposes only

FWD Tank MID Tank AFT Tank To Engines 130 134 138 140 144
Fuel is transferred from the FWD tank to
the MID tank, then to the MAIN. Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)
Understanding what happens
120 120
when fuel burns off.
80 80

40 40 Example:
FUEL
Full Fuel at 2154 LBS, using
0
REMAINING
0
12 LBS per minute.
1314 2 Pilots
5 Pax
FUEL QTY
Take-Off at 1700 LLBS X 100 Boot 100 LBS
T/O WT 11,280 LBS
Flight Time 70 MINS
CG 136” @ T/O
Fuel used 840 LBS

Burn 1
245 LBS
When
Whenthe
theMID
MIDtanks
tanksare
are
depleted,
depleted, the next burnisis
the next burn Burn 3
464 LBS
from
fromthe
theUpper
Uppertanks
tanks
again
again Burn 5
12000
11000
538 LBS 10000
Burn 4 Burn 2 Burn 6
212 LBS 321 LBS 374 LBS 9000
8000
LBS
EMPTY Not to Scale
For Illustration
purposes only

FWD Tank MID Tank MAIN AFT Tank To Engines 130 134 138 140 144
Fuel is transferred from the FWD tank to
the MID tank, then to the MAIN. Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)
Understanding what happens
120 120
when fuel burns off.
80 80

40 40 Example:
FUEL
Full Fuel at 2154 LBS, using
0
REMAINING
0
12 LBS per minute.
1194 2 Pilots
5 Pax
FUEL QTY
Take-Off at 1700 LLBS X 100 Boot 100 LBS
T/O WT 11,280 LBS
Flight Time 80 MINS
CG 136” @ T/O
Fuel used 960 LBS

Burn 1
245 LBS
When
Whenthe
theMID
MIDtanks
tanksare
are
depleted,
depleted, the next burnisis
the next burn Burn 3
464 LBS
from
fromthe
theUpper
Uppertanks
tanks
again
again Burn 5
12000
11000
538 LBS 10000
Burn 4 Burn 2 Burn 6
212 LBS 321 LBS 374 LBS 9000
8000
LBS
EMPTY Not to Scale
For Illustration
purposes only

FWD Tank MID Tank AFT Tank To Engines 130 134 138 140 144
Fuel is transferred from the FWD tank to
the MID tank, then to the MAIN. Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)
Understanding what happens
120 120
when fuel burns off.
80 80

40 40 Example:
FUEL
Full Fuel at 2154 LBS, using
0
REMAINING
0
12 LBS per minute.
1074 2 Pilots
5 Pax
FUEL QTY
Take-Off at 1700 LLBS X 100 Boot 100 LBS
T/O WT 11,280 LBS
Flight Time 90 MINS
CG 136” @ T/O
Fuel used 1080 LBS

the
thenext
nextUpper
Uppertank
tankstand
standpipe
pipeisis Burn 1
uncovered,
uncovered,the
thefuel
fuelburn
burnisisthen
then
245 LBS
from the FWD tanks.
from the FWD tanks. Burn 3
464 LBS

12000
Burn 5 11000
538 LBS 10000
Burn 4 Burn 2 Burn 6
212 LBS 321 LBS 374 LBS 9000
8000
LBS
EMPTY Not to Scale
For Illustration
purposes only

FWD Tank MID Tank AFT Tank To Engines 130 134 138 140 144
Fuel is transferred from the FWD tank to
the MID tank, then to the MAIN. Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)
Understanding what happens
120 120
when fuel burns off.
80 80

40 40 Example:
FUEL
Full Fuel at 2154 LBS, using
0
REMAINING
0
12 LBS per minute. Turn TRANSFER
SWITCHES to OFF
954 2 Pilots
5 Pax
FUEL QTY
Take-Off at 1700 LLBS X 100 Boot 100 LBS
T/O WT 11,280 LBS
Flight Time 100 MINS
CG 136” @ T/O
Fuel used 1200 LBS

the
thenext
nextUpper
Uppertank
tankstand
standpipe
pipeisis Burn 1
uncovered,
uncovered,the
thefuel
fuelburn
burnisisthen
then
245 LBS
from the FWD tanks.
from the FWD tanks. Burn 3
464 LBS

12000
Burn 5 11000
538 LBS 10000
Burn 4 Burn 2 Burn 6
212 LBS 321 LBS 374 LBS 9000
8000
LBS
EMPTY Not to Scale
For Illustration
purposes only

FWD Tank MID Tank AFT Tank To Engines 130 134 138 140 144
Fuel is transferred from the FWD tank to
the MID tank, then to the MAIN. Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)
Understanding what happens
120 120
when fuel burns off.
80 80

40 40 Example:
FUEL
Full Fuel at 2154 LBS, using
0
REMAINING
0
12 LBS per minute.
834 2 Pilots
5 Pax
FUEL QTY
Take-Off at 1700 LLBS X 100 Boot 100 LBS
T/O WT 11,280 LBS
Flight Time 110 MINS
CG 136” @ T/O
Fuel used 1320 LBS
TRANS TRANS

Burn 1
As
Asthe
theFWD
FWDtanks
tanksare
are
245 LBS

emptied, X X
emptied, the fuel burnisis
the fuel burn Burn 3
transferred
transferredback
backtotothe
the
464 LBS
Upper tanks.
Upper tanks. 12000
Burn 5 11000
538 LBS 10000
Burn 4 Burn 2 Burn 6
212 LBS 321 LBS 374 LBS 9000
8000
LBS
EMPTY EMPTY Not to Scale
For Illustration
purposes only

FWD Tank MID Tank AFT Tank To Engines 130 134 138 140 144
Fuel is transferred from the FWD tank to
the MID tank, then to the MAIN. Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)
Understanding what happens
120 120
when fuel burns off.
80 80

40 40 Example:
FUEL
Full Fuel at 2154 LBS, using
0
REMAINING
0
12 LBS per minute.
714 2 Pilots
5 Pax
FUEL QTY
Take-Off at 1700 LLBS X 100 Boot 100 LBS
T/O WT 11,280 LBS
Flight Time 120 MINS
CG 136” @ T/O
Fuel used 1440 LBS

Burn 1
As
Asthe
theFWD
FWDtanks
tanksare
are
245 LBS

emptied,
emptied, the fuel burnisis
the fuel burn Burn 3
transferred
transferredback
backtotothe
the
464 LBS
Upper tanks.
Upper tanks. 12000
Burn 5 11000
538 LBS 10000
Burn 4 Burn 2 Burn 6
212 LBS 321 LBS 374 LBS 9000
8000
LBS
EMPTY EMPTY Not to Scale
For Illustration
purposes only

FWD Tank MID Tank AFT Tank To Engines 130 134 138 140 144
Fuel is transferred from the FWD tank to
the MID tank, then to the MAIN. Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)
Understanding what happens
120 120
when fuel burns off.
80 80

40 40 Example:
FUEL
Full Fuel at 2154 LBS, using
0
REMAINING
0
12 LBS per minute.
594 2 Pilots
5 Pax
FUEL QTY
Take-Off at 1700 LLBS X 100 Boot 100 LBS
T/O WT 11,280 LBS
Flight Time 130 MINS
CG 136” @ T/O
Fuel used 1560 LBS

Burn 1
As
Asthe
theFWD
FWDtanks
tanksare
are
245 LBS

emptied,
emptied, the fuel burnisis
the fuel burn Burn 3
transferred
transferredback
backtotothe
the
464 LBS
Upper tanks.
Upper tanks. 12000
Burn 5 11000
538 LBS 10000
Burn 4 Burn 2 Burn 6
212 LBS 321 LBS 374 LBS 9000
8000
LBS
EMPTY EMPTY Not to Scale
For Illustration
purposes only

FWD Tank MID Tank AFT Tank To Engines 130 134 138 140 144
Fuel is transferred from the FWD tank to
the MID tank, then to the MAIN. Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)
Understanding what happens
120 120
when fuel burns off.
80 80

40 40 Example:
FUEL
Full Fuel at 2154 LBS, using
0
REMAINING
0
12 LBS per minute.
474 2 Pilots
5 Pax
FUEL QTY
Take-Off at 1700 LLBS X 100 Boot 100 LBS
T/O WT 11,280 LBS
Flight Time 140 MINS
CG 136” @ T/O
Fuel used 1680 LBS

Burn 1
As
Asthe
theFWD
FWDtanks
tanksare
are
245 LBS

emptied,
emptied, the fuel burnisis
the fuel burn Burn 3
transferred
transferredback
backtotothe
the
464 LBS
Upper tanks.
Upper tanks. 12000
Burn 5 11000
538 LBS 10000
Burn 4 Burn 2 Burn 6
212 LBS 321 LBS 374 LBS 9000
8000
LBS
EMPTY EMPTY Not to Scale
For Illustration
purposes only

FWD Tank MID Tank AFT Tank To Engines 130 134 138 140 144
Fuel is transferred from the FWD tank to
the MID tank, then to the MAIN. Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)
Understanding what happens
120 120
when fuel burns off.
80 80

40 40 Example:
FUEL
Full Fuel at 2154 LBS, using
0
REMAINING
0
12 LBS per minute.
380 2 Pilots
5 Pax
FUEL QTY Fuel Low light illuminates at 380 lbs
Take-Off at 1700 LLBS X 100 Boot 100 LBS Followed by the Interconnect light.
T/O WT 11,280 LBS
Flight Time 140 MINS
CG 136” @ T/O
Fuel used 1680 LBS

Burn 1
As
Asthe
theUpper
Uppertanks
tanksare
arenearly
nearly 245 LBS FUEL LOW INTCON

empty,
empty, the low fuel warninglight
the low fuel warning light Burn 3
will illuminate.
will illuminate. 464 LBS

12000
Burn 5 11000
538 LBS 10000
Burn 4 Burn 2 Burn 6
212 LBS 321 LBS 374 LBS 9000
8000
LBS
EMPTY EMPTY Not to Scale
For Illustration
purposes only

FWD Tank MID Tank AFT Tank To Engines 130 134 138 140 144
Fuel is transferred from the FWD tank to
the MID tank, then to the MAIN. Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)
Understanding what happens
120 120
when fuel burns off.
80 80

40 40 Example:
FUEL
Full Fuel at 2154 LBS, using
0
REMAINING
0
12 LBS per minute. Turn INTCON to OPEN
and check TRANSFER
294 2 Pilots SWITCHES are OFF
5 Pax
FUEL QTY Fuel Low light illuminates at 380 lbs
Take-Off at 1700 LLBS X 100 Boot 100 LBS Followed by the Interconnect light.
T/O WT 11,280 LBS
Flight Time 155 MINS
CG 136” @ T/O
Fuel used 1800 LBS.
Helicopter lands with 25
minutes of fuel left.
Burn 1
Once the Upper tanks are 245 LBS
OFF OFF
FUEL LOW

empty, there is only fuel left in Burn 3

the lower mains. (374 LBS) 464 LBS OPEN
12000
Burn 5 11000
EMPTY 538 LBS 10000
Burn 4 Burn 2 Burn 6
212 LBS 321 LBS 374 LBS 9000
8000
LBS
EMPTY EMPTY Not to Scale
For Illustration
purposes only

FWD Tank MID Tank AFT Tank To Engines 130 134 138 140 144
Fuel is transferred from the FWD tank to
the MID tank, then to the MAIN. Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)
Understanding what happens
120 120
when fuel burns off.
80 80

40 40 Example:
FUEL
Full Fuel at 2154 LBS, using
0
REMAINING
0
12 LBS per minute.
294 2 Pilots
5 Pax
FUEL QTY
Take-Off at 1700 LLBS X 100 Boot 100 LBS
T/O WT 11,280 LBS
Flight Time 155 MINS
CG 136” @ T/O
Fuel used 1800 LBS.
Helicopter lands with 25
minutes of fuel left.

Helicopter arrives
safely and within
C.of G.

Not to Scale
For Illustration
purposes only

130 134 138 140 144

Ocean Training Systems

Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)

FUEL Summary:
Full Fuel
Normal, no Transfer problems. 2154 LBS

1955 LBS

1611 LBS

BURN 1 1147 LBS

Upper Tank 928 LBS

CG
386 LBS

EMPTY
FWD CG AFT CG
Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)

FUEL Summary:
Full Fuel
Normal, no Transfer problems. 2154 LBS

1955 LBS

1611 LBS

BURN 2 1147 LBS

Lower MID Tank 928 LBS

CG
386 LBS

EMPTY
FWD CG AFT CG
Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)

FUEL Summary:
Full Fuel
Normal, no Transfer problems. 2154 LBS

1955 LBS

1611 LBS

BURN 3 1147 LBS

Upper Tank 928 LBS

CG
386 LBS

EMPTY
FWD CG AFT CG
Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)

FUEL Summary:
Full Fuel
Normal, no Transfer problems. 2154 LBS

1955 LBS

1611 LBS

BURN 4 1147 LBS

Lower FWD Tank 928 LBS

CG
386 LBS

EMPTY
FWD CG AFT CG
Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)

FUEL Summary:
Full Fuel
Normal, no Transfer problems. 2154 LBS

1955 LBS

1611 LBS

BURN 5 1147 LBS

Upper Tank 928 LBS

CG
386 LBS

EMPTY
FWD CG AFT CG
Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)

FUEL Summary:
Full Fuel
Normal, no Transfer problems. 2154 LBS

1955 LBS

1611 LBS

BURN 6 1147 LBS

Lower Main Tank 928 LBS

CG
386 LBS

EMPTY
FWD CG AFT CG
Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)

FUEL Transfer Problems

Full Fuel
1. The Upper Fuel Tanks supply 2154 LBS
fuel to the Lower Tanks. 1955 LBS
2. A Transfer Pump and Ejector
Pump then transfer Fuel to the 1611 LBS
Lower AFT Tank
3. The FWD and MID tanks 1147 LBS
cannot Gravity Feed into the
928 LBS
AFT Tanks.
4. The Main Boost Pumps are
located in the Lower AFT
Tanks and supply Fuel to the
386 LBS
Engines.

EMPTY
FWD CG AFT CG
Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)

FUEL Transfer Problems

Full Fuel
1. If the FUEL TRANSFER Pumps 2154 LBS
both fail, the Fuel in the FWD 1955 LBS
and MID Tanks will not be
available. 1611 LBS
2. A total loss of electrical power
to the Fuel QTY / Thermistor 1147 LBS
circuits will result in a total
928 LBS
loss of:
a. FUEL QTY Gauges
b. FUEL XFER capability.
C. FUEL LOW Warning.
386 LBS
3. CG may move FWD outside
limits.
EMPTY
FWD CG AFT CG
Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)

FUEL Transfer Problems

Full Fuel
1. In the worst case, 533 LBS of 2154 LBS
fuel will not be available. 1955 LBS
2. 1621 LBS would be available if
the A/C was full of fuel. 1611 LBS

1147 LBS

CG may fall
outside forward 533 LBS
limits if Fuel does 386 LBS
not transfer.
EMPTY
FWD CG AFT CG
Ocean Training Systems
Bell 412 Fuel System (10 Tank layout)

FUEL Summary:

1. The most AFT CG is when the Tanks are all full.

2. The most FWD CG is when the Tanks are nearly
empty.
3. The A/C will be at it’s most forward CG when
operating with:
a.2 Pilots
b. 9-11 Pax
c. No load in Boot
4. FWD CG may be exceeded if the FWD Fuel cells
fail to transfer fuel and the Lower and Mid cells
remain full.
5. AFT CG may easily be exceeded with heavy boot
loads. IE: 2 Pilots and 200 LBS in Boot, full fuel.

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Ocean Training Systems