‫المرفوعات‬

mohima.islam@azharacademy.org
‫ثمانية اقسام‬

‫فاعل )‪1‬‬
‫نايب فاعل )‪2‬‬
‫مبتدا )‪3‬‬
‫خبر )‪4‬‬
‫خبر اّن و اخواتها )‪5‬‬
‫اسم كان و اخواتها )‪6‬‬
‫‪ when they come as negative‬اسم (ما) و (ال) )‪7‬‬
‫‪ when it comes to refute the entire genus‬خبر (ال) )‪8‬‬
‫فاعل‬
 ‫فاعل‬

‫فعل ‪■ A word after a‬‬

‫ضرب زيٌد‬
‫صفت ‪ as a‬اسم الفاعل ‪■ Or an‬‬
‫زيد ضارٌب‬
‫ فاعل‬comes in 3 ways

Apparent after a verb

‫ضرب زيٌد‬
As a ‫ضمير بارز‬
‫ضرْبتُ زيًد ا‬
As a hidden ‫فاعل‬
‫زيٌد هو ضرب‬
‫مؤنث حقيقي‬
Has a male counterpart
If there are no words between the ‫ فعل‬and ‫فاعل‬, the ‫فعل‬
has to match the‫ فاعل‬in terms of gender
‫قامت هند‬

If there is a word between the ‫ فعل‬and the ‫ فاعل‬then you

can make the ‫ فعل‬either gender
‫درس اليوَم هنُد‬
Or
‫درسْت اليوَم هنُد‬
‫مؤنث غير حقيقي‬

Something that doesn’t have a male counterpart, eg ‫شمس‬

If this ‫ فاعل‬is a ‫ مؤنث غير حقيقي‬then you also have a choice with what
gender of the verb is
‫‪ into male OR female‬فعل‪You can make a‬‬
‫‪ in 3 occasions‬مؤنث ‪ is‬فاعل ‪when the‬‬
‫مؤنث ‪ is a‬فاعل ‪ and the‬فاعل ‪ and‬فعل ‪1. When there is something between the‬‬
‫حقيقي‬
‫هند اليوم درس ‪ or‬اليوم هند درسْت‬
‫مؤنث حقيقي غير ‪ is‬فاعل‪2. When the‬‬
‫طلع الشمُس ‪ or‬طلعْت الشمُس‬
‫جمع تكسير ‪ is‬فاعل ‪3. When the‬‬
‫قامْت الِر جال‬ ‫‪or‬‬ ‫قام الِر جال‬
When does the ‫ فاعل‬have to come first

If there are 2 ‫ مقصور‬nouns, the ‫ فاعل‬must come before the ‫مفعول‬

‫نصر موسي عسي‬

But if there is not fear of confusion then the ‫ مفعول‬can come

before
‫اكل الثمَر زيٌد‬
‫ضرب عمرًوا زيٌد‬
Can you hide the ‫فعل‬

Yes when there is a sign that shows it is there

‫من ضرب؟‬

‫زيٌد‬
You don’t need the verb, as the answer is already referring to the
verb ‫ضرب‬
Can you hide the ‫فعل& فاعل‬

■ Yes, if something indicates towards it

‫اضرب زيٌد ؟‬

‫فعل فاعل‬

‫نعم ضرب زيٌد‬

 A verb sentence can come in any order

‫ فاعل‬will never come before a ‫فعل‬

A ‫ مفعول‬can come before a ‫ فعل‬and a‫فاعل‬

 ‫تنازع الفعلين‬

■ When two verbs fight over the doer or the object. They
both fight to do ‫ عمل‬on the ‫ فاعل‬or the ‫مفعول‬
‫‪4 ways two verbs fight‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪Both words want to make‬‬ ‫ضربني و اكرمني زيٌد‬

‫فاعل ‪the word after it their‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫ضربُت و اكرمُت زيًد ا‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫ضربني و اكرمُت زيًد ا‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫ضربُت و اكرمني زيٌد‬