Industrial Hydraulics

Visual Aids

Chapter 8
 Three-Position Valve

Three Position Valve with Transition Condition

Fig ure 8-1 G ra p hic sym b o l fo r 3-p o sitio n d ire c tio na l va lve

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O R PO R ATIO N

 Basic
Check Valve
Ball Type

No Flow

Free Flow

Fig ure 8-2 A c he c k va lve is a o n e -wa y va lve . Ba ll typ e is sh o wn

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O R PO R ATIO N

 Poppet Type

No Flow

Free Flow

Figure 8-3 In-line poppet type check valve operation

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O PR O R ATIO N

Right Angle Check

Figure 8-4 Typical right angle check valve

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O R PO R ATIO N

Right Angle Check
W ith Orifice

Figure 8-5 Restriction check valve operation

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Pilot-Operated Check

Figure 8-6 Pilot-to-open check valve

 PO
Check Valve

Sm all poppet
unseals first

Then larger
poppet opens

Figure 8-7 O peration of pilot-operated check valve w ith decompression poppet

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O R PO R ATIO N
 Drain Drain

Pilot Pilot

Free Flow Blocked Flow

Figure 8-8 Pilot-to-close check valve operation

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O PR O R ATIO N

 Pilot pressure holds valve W hen the pum p stops, the
closed while pum p is running valve opens, discharging
the accumulator to tank

Figure 8-9 Autom atic accum ulator discharge circuit

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O R PO R ATIO N
 A B A B A B

P T

T P T T P T

Figure 8-10 Two position, three-way spool valve

C O P Y R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O R P O R ATIO N

 A B A B A B

P T

T P T T P T

Figure 8-11 Two-position, four-w ay spool type valve

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O R PO R ATIO N
 Spring O ffset
A B

P T

T B P A

Figure 8-12 Four-way, two position valve

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O R PO R ATIO N
 Spring Centered Valve
A B

P T

T B P A

Figure 8-13 Spring-centered valve is a three-position valve

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O R PO R ATIO N

 Spring O ffset
A B

P T

T B P A
Figure 8-14 Two-position, four-way valve is spring offset

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O R PO R ATIO N

 A B

P T

T B P A
Figure 8-15 Three-position, four-way detented valve

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O R PO R ATIO N

 A B A B

P T P T
C losed
C enter Float
C enter
A P B T
A P B T

A B A B

P T P T
O pen Tandem
C enter C enter

A P B T A P B T

Figure 8-16 Four-w ay valve center condition

C O P Y R IG H T C (2 001) EATO N C O R P O R AT IO N
 A B

P T

T B P A

Figure 8-17 Manually (lever) actuated, three position, four-way valve with spring centering
C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O R PO R ATIO N
 A B Cam

P T

T B P A

Figure 8-18 M echanically actuated (cam roller) four-way valve

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 A B

P T

Pilot Pilot
Air In Air Out

T B P A

Figure 8-19 Pneumatically actuated four-way valve

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O PR O R ATIO N
 A B

P T

Pilot Pilot
Oil In Oil Out

T B P A
Figure 8-20 Hydraulically actuated, pilot-operated valve

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O R PO R ATIO N

Figure 8-21 Push-type solenoids commonly used to shift spools of small valves
Figure 8-22 Armature is pulled into electromagnetic force of the solenoid, shifting the valve spool
 Dynam ic Seal O-Ring

Armature

M anual O verride

Coil
Push Pin

Figure 8-23 Air gap solenoid design

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O PR O R ATIO N
 Core Tube
Push Pin Armature

N S M anual O verride

N S

Figure 8-24 W et arm ature solenoid design

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O PR O R ATIO N
 In-rush Current
Current

Holding Current

Tim e

Figure 8-25 In-rush and holding current of energized coil

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 Pilot Stage

M ain Stage

X T A P B Y
External Pilot Pressure External Drain

Figure 8-26 Typical solenoid controlled, pilot operated valve (tw o-stage valve)
C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O R PO R ATIO N
 A B A B y

X P T X P T
75 psi
75 psi External pilot Internal pilot
pressure via the pressure via
X port internal
passageways
in the
valve body

Figure 8-27 Left: External pilot check valve R ight: Return line pilot pressure check valve
C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O PR O R ATIO N
Drain Plug Placem ent
P
B
A T

Y PORT

Figure 8-28 Plug options for internal/external drain for pilot valve

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O R PO R ATIO N

 X T A P B Y
Pilot Pressure / Load Drop C heck Valve

Figure 8-29 Integral pilot pressure check valve

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O PR O R ATIO N
External Internal
Operation A A B B Operation A B

x P T y
x y
X
X
P T P T

A B A B

A B y A B

X P T P T

Figure 8-30 Variations of tw o-stage valve sym bols

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O PR O R ATIO N
Pilot Plug
P
Placem ents
B
A T

P PO R T

X PO R T

Figure 8-31 Plug options for pilot pressure supply

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O R PO R ATIO N
 Pilot chokes slow down
Adjustable the main stage spool
flow controls shifting speed, reducing
system shock

Figure 8-32 Pilot choke mounted on valve

 Sm all volum e
pin speeds
the spool
shift

X T A P B Y
Figure 8-33 Pilot piston speeds spool shifting

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O PR O R ATIO N

Adjustable
flow controls
Stroke limiters

Figure 8-34 Stroke limiter option

 D03 / NG 6 D07 / NG 16
T
T P
A B X

P
A B
Y
D05 / NG 10
P
A B D010 / NG 32
T T
T P Y

D08 / NG 25
T P
Y X A B
A B
X

Figure 8-35 Pattern interface terminology for m ounting standards

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O R PO R ATIO N

 Prox sensor

Pilot to close
Pilot to open

From system From tank

gate

Figure 8-36 High flow position of a pre-fill valve

 Prox sensor

From system
gate
Pilot to close
Pilot to open

From tank

8-36 High pressure position of a pre-fill valve

Figure 8-37
In le t 1 In le t 2
Floating Ball

O u tle t

In le t 1 In le t 2

O u tle t

Figure 8-38 Shuttle valve and symbol

C O PY R IG H T C (2001) E ATO N C O R PO R ATIO N