LIYANA SAFITRI

1800077
D3-3B
HIPOLIPIDERMIK
WHAT IS HIPOLIPIDERMIK ??
Hipolipidermik There is a strong relationship between elevated
serum cholesterol and death caused by coronary heart disease
(CHD). Lowering cholesterol decreased events related to CHD
and can slow or even reverse atherosclerosis.
Classification of hypolipidemia drugs :
• Bile Acid Resins
• Satin ( HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors )
• Fibric Acids
• Ezitimibe ( inhibitor absorpsi kolesterol )
• Niacin (nicotinic acid)
1. Bile Acid Resins

works by binding to bile acids and preventing raebsorpsinya there will

be an increase in the conversion of cholesterol into bile acids in the liver
the results will increase the activity of LDL receptors in liver cells,
thereby increasing the breakdown of LDL cholesterol from plasma. So
both of these drugs work to effectively reduce LDL-cholesterol.
Examples of drug : Colesevelam hydrochloride and cholestiramin.
Indication: hyperlipidemia type IIa and type IIb
Cons of indication: total bile obstruction.
Side effects: prominent gastrointestinal tract, Constipation, gastrointentinal
effects
Dose : Cholesterol is available in oral suspension dosage form and a
strength of 4 gr
- Hypercholesterolemia, diarrhea due to bile sap
- Adult dose: 4 grams per day increased by 4 grams every week to 12-24
grams per day divided into 1-4 doses, can also be adjusted as needed.
Maximum use of 36 gr per day.
- Children's dose: 6-12 years 240 mg / kg per day in 2-3 doses. Maximum
use of 8 grams per day.
.2. Satin
competitively inhibits coenzyme 3-hydroxy-3 methylglutaril
(HMG CoA) reductase, an enzyme that plays a role in cholesterol
synthesis, especially in the liver. These drugs are more effective than
other hypolipidemia drugs in reducing LDL-cholesterol but are less
effective than fibrates in reducing triglycerides.

indication : to reduce cholesterol levels in the blood

Counter indication : active liver disease and in pregnancy and
breastfeeding
• Side effect : insomnia, angio udema, anoreksia, asthenia, neuropati
perifer, alopesia, pruritus, ruam, impoten, sakit dada, hipoglikemik dan
hiperglikemik, trombositopenia
• Drugs : simvastatin (Denan, Zocor), lovastatin (Mevinacor),
pravastatin (Pravasin, liperevil).
3. Fibric Acids

works to reduce serum triglyceride levels. These drugs have different effects
on LDL-cholesterol. Although fibrates can reduce the risk of coronary heart disease
in patients with low HDL cholesterol or high triglyceride levels, statins should be
the first choice drug.
indication : hyperlipidemia types IIa, IIb, III, IV, and V in patients who do not
respond adequately to diet and other appropriate measures
Counter indication : kidney and liver disorders, hypoalbuminemia, primary biliary
cirrhosis, gallbladder disease, nephrotic syndrome, pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Side effects : pruritus, skin rash, urticaria, gastrointestinal tract, hair loss

Example drug : Bezafibrat, siprofibrat, fenofibrat, gemfibrosil

Dose : 200 mg 3 times a day with or after meals

4. Inhibitor absorpsi kolesterol

works to inhibit the absorption of cholesterol in the digestive tract. This drug
is used as an adjunct to diet manipulation in patients with primary
hypercholesterolemia in combination with statins or singly in patients with familial
hypercholesterolaemia in combination with statins and in patients with familial
sitosterolemia (fitosterolemia). If ezetimib is used in combination with statins, the
risk of rabdomiolysis can increase.
indication : Primary hypercholesterolemia, given alone or in combination with HMG-CoA
reductase (statin) inhibitors, and Homozygous Familial hypercholesterolemia, in
combination with statins.

Counter indication : hypersensitivity, impaired liver function, pregnancy, breastfeeding

Side effects : Indigestion, headache, weakness, myalgia.

Example drug : ezetrol

Dose : a dose of 10 mg once a day is used alone or in combination with statins with or
without food
5. NIACIN
Niacin (nicotinic acid), in dosages of 1 g/day or more, decreases serum total
cholesterol, LDL-c and VLDL-c, and triglycerides, and increases HDL-c. Mean serum
cholesterol and triglyceride levels are reduced by 10% and 26%, respectively.

indication : Additional therapy in diet and exercise efforts does not respond
adequately, by reducing levels of TC, LDL-C, Apo B and TG, and increasing HDL-
C in patients with hypercholesterolemia (familial and non familial heterozygotes)
and mixed dyslipidemia (Frederickson Type IIa and IIb).
Contraindications. Arterial hemorrhage; severe hypotension; hepatic dysfunction;
unexplained elevations of transaminases, active peptic ulcer disease.
Side effects : warmth, redness, itching and numbness, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting,
abdominal pain, dyspepsia, pruritus, skin rashes.
Example drug : niasin , nicotinic acid

Dosage : tab 50mg,100mg,250mg,500mg, elixir 10 mg/ml, SR cap 125 mg, 250mg,

400mg, 500mg, SR tab 250 mg, 500mg,750 mg, 1000mg
Thank you