Five-Minute Check

Then/Now
New Vocabulary
Key Concept: Real Numbers
Example 1: Use Set-Builder Notation
Example 2: Use Interval Notation
Key Concept: Function
Key Concept: Vertical Line Test
Example 3: Identify Relations that are Functions
Example 4: Find Function Values
Example 5: Find Domains Algebraically
Example 6: Real-World Example: Evaluate a Piecewise-Defined
Function
Find the value of x 2 + 4x + 4 if x = –2.

A. –8

B. 0

C. 4

D. 16
Find the value of x 2 + 4x + 4 if x = –2.

A. –8

B. 0

C. 4

D. 16
Solve 5n + 6 = –3n – 10.

A. –8

B. –2

C.

D. 2
Solve 5n + 6 = –3n – 10.

A. –8

B. –2

C.

D. 2
Evaluate |x – 2y| – |2x – y| – xy if x = –2 and y = 7.

A. –9

B. 9

C. 19

D. 41
Evaluate |x – 2y| – |2x – y| – xy if x = –2 and y = 7.

A. –9

B. 9

C. 19

D. 41
Factor 8xy 2 – 4xy.

A. 2x(4xy 2 – y)

B. 4xy(2y – 1)

C. 4xy(y 2 – 1)

D. 4y 2(2x – 1)
Factor 8xy 2 – 4xy.

A. 2x(4xy 2 – y)

B. 4xy(2y – 1)

C. 4xy(y 2 – 1)

D. 4y 2(2x – 1)
A.

B.

C.

D.
A.

B.

C.

D.
You used set notation to denote elements, subsets,
and complements. (Lesson 0-1)

• Describe subsets of real numbers.

• Identify and evaluate functions and state their
domains.
• set-builder notation • piecewise-defined
function
• interval notation
• relevant domain
• function
• function notation
• independent variable
• dependent variable
• implied domain
 Use Set-Builder Notation

A. Describe {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} using set-builder

notation.
The set includes natural numbers greater than or
equal to 2 and less than or equal to 7.

This is read as the set of all

x such that 2 is less than or
equal to x and x is less than
or equal to 7 and x is an
element of the set of natural
numbers.

Answer:
 Use Set-Builder Notation

A. Describe {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} using set-builder

notation.
The set includes natural numbers greater than or
equal to 2 and less than or equal to 7.

This is read as the set of all

x such that 2 is less than or
equal to x and x is less than
or equal to 7 and x is an
element of the set of natural
numbers.

Answer:
 Use Set-Builder Notation

B. Describe x > –17 using set-builder notation.

The set includes all real numbers greater than –17.

Answer:
 Use Set-Builder Notation

B. Describe x > –17 using set-builder notation.

The set includes all real numbers greater than –17.

Answer:
 Use Set-Builder Notation

C. Describe all multiples of seven using set-

builder notation.

The set includes all integers that are multiples of 7.

Answer:
 Use Set-Builder Notation

C. Describe all multiples of seven using set-

builder notation.

The set includes all integers that are multiples of 7.

Answer:
Describe {6, 7, 8, 9, 10, …} using set-builder
notation.

A.

B.

C.

D.
Describe {6, 7, 8, 9, 10, …} using set-builder
notation.

A.

B.

C.

D.
 Use Interval Notation

A. Write –2 ≤ x ≤ 12 using interval notation.

The set includes all real numbers greater than or

equal to –2 and less than or equal to 12.

Answer:
 Use Interval Notation

A. Write –2 ≤ x ≤ 12 using interval notation.

The set includes all real numbers greater than or

equal to –2 and less than or equal to 12.

Answer: [–2, 12]

 Use Interval Notation

B. Write x > –4 using interval notation.

The set includes all real numbers greater than –4.

Answer:
 Use Interval Notation

B. Write x > –4 using interval notation.

The set includes all real numbers greater than –4.

Answer: (–4, )
 Use Interval Notation

C. Write x < 3 or x ≥ 54 using interval notation.

The set includes all real numbers less than 3 and all
real numbers greater than or equal to 54.

Answer:
 Use Interval Notation

C. Write x < 3 or x ≥ 54 using interval notation.

The set includes all real numbers less than 3 and all
real numbers greater than or equal to 54.

Answer:
Write x > 5 or x < –1 using interval notation.

A.

B.

C. (–1, 5)

D.
Write x > 5 or x < –1 using interval notation.

A.

B.

C. (–1, 5)

D.
 Identify Relations that are Functions

A. Determine whether the relation represents y as

a function of x.
The input value x is the height of a student in
inches, and the output value y is the number of
books that the student owns.

Answer:
 Identify Relations that are Functions

A. Determine whether the relation represents y as

a function of x.
The input value x is the height of a student in
inches, and the output value y is the number of
books that the student owns.

Answer: No; there is more than one y-value for an

x-value.
 Identify Relations that are Functions

B. Determine whether the table

represents y as a function of x.

Answer:
 Identify Relations that are Functions

B. Determine whether the table

represents y as a function of x.

Answer: No; there is more than one y-value for an

x-value.
 Identify Relations that are Functions

C. Determine whether the graph

represents y as a function of x.

Answer:
 Identify Relations that are Functions

C. Determine whether the graph

represents y as a function of x.

Answer: Yes; there is exactly one y-value for each x-

value. Any vertical line will intersect the
graph at only one point. Therefore, the
graph represents y as a function of x.
 Identify Relations that are Functions

D. Determine whether x = 3y 2 represents y as a

function of x.
To determine whether this equation represents y as a
function of x, solve the equation for y.

x = 3y 2 Original equation

Divide each side by 3.

Take the square root of each side.

 Identify Relations that are Functions

This equation does not represent y as a function of

x because there will be two corresponding y-values,
one positive and one negative, for any x-value greater
than 0.
Let x = 12.

Answer:
 Identify Relations that are Functions

This equation does not represent y as a function of

x because there will be two corresponding y-values,
one positive and one negative, for any x-value greater
than 0.
Let x = 12.

Answer: No; there is more than one y-value for an

x-value.
Determine whether 12x 2 + 4y = 8 represents y as a
function of x.

A. Yes; there is exactly one y-value for each

x-value.

B. No; there is more than one y-value for an

x-value.
Determine whether 12x 2 + 4y = 8 represents y as a
function of x.

A. Yes; there is exactly one y-value for each

x-value.

B. No; there is more than one y-value for an

x-value.
 Find Function Values

A. If f (x) = x 2 – 2x – 8, find f (3).

To find f (3), replace x with 3 in f (x) = x 2 – 2x – 8.

f (x) = x 2 – 2x – 8 Original function
f (3) = 3 2 – 2(3) – 8 Substitute 3 for x.
=9–6–8 Simplify.
= –5 Subtract.

Answer:
 Find Function Values

A. If f (x) = x 2 – 2x – 8, find f (3).

To find f (3), replace x with 3 in f (x) = x 2 – 2x – 8.

f (x) = x 2 – 2x – 8 Original function
f (3) = 3 2 – 2(3) – 8 Substitute 3 for x.
=9–6–8 Simplify.
= –5 Subtract.

Answer: –5
 Find Function Values

B. If f (x) = x 2 – 2x – 8, find f (–3d).

To find f (–3d), replace x with –3d in f (x) = x 2 – 2x – 8.

f (x) = x 2 – 2x – 8 Original function
f (–3d) = (–3d)2 – 2(–3d) – 8 Substitute –3d for x.
= 9d 2 + 6d – 8 Simplify.

Answer:
 Find Function Values

B. If f (x) = x 2 – 2x – 8, find f (–3d).

To find f (–3d), replace x with –3d in f (x) = x 2 – 2x – 8.

f (x) = x 2 – 2x – 8 Original function
f (–3d) = (–3d)2 – 2(–3d) – 8 Substitute –3d for x.
= 9d 2 + 6d – 8 Simplify.

Answer: 9d 2 + 6d – 8
 Find Function Values

C. If f (x) = x2 – 2x – 8, find f (2a – 1).

To find f (2a – 1), replace x with 2a – 1 in f (x) = x 2 – 2x – 8.

f (x) = x 2 – 2x – 8 Original function
f (2a – 1) = (2a – 1)2 – 2(2a – 1) – 8 Substitute
2a – 1 for x.
= 4a 2 – 4a + 1 – 4a + 2 – 8 Expand
(2a – 1)2 and
2(2a – 1).
= 4a 2 – 8a – 5 Simplify.

Answer:
 Find Function Values

C. If f (x) = x2 – 2x – 8, find f (2a – 1).

To find f (2a – 1), replace x with 2a – 1 in f (x) = x 2 – 2x – 8.

f (x) = x 2 – 2x – 8 Original function
f (2a – 1) = (2a – 1)2 – 2(2a – 1) – 8 Substitute
2a – 1 for x.
= 4a 2 – 4a + 1 – 4a + 2 – 8 Expand
(2a – 1)2 and
2(2a – 1).
= 4a 2 – 8a – 5 Simplify.

Answer: 4a 2 – 8a – 5
If , find f (6).

A.

B.

C.

D.
If , find f (6).

A.

B.

C.

D.
 Find Domains Algebraically

A. State the domain of the function .

Because the square root of a negative number cannot

be real, 4x – 1 ≥ 0. Therefore, the domain of g(x) is all
real numbers x such that x ≥ , or .

Answer:
 Find Domains Algebraically

A. State the domain of the function .

Because the square root of a negative number cannot

be real, 4x – 1 ≥ 0. Therefore, the domain of g(x) is all
real numbers x such that x ≥ , or .

Answer: all real numbers x such that x ≥ ,

or
 Find Domains Algebraically

B. State the domain of the function .

When the denominator of is zero, the expression

is undefined. Solving t 2 – 1 = 0, the excluded values in
the domain of this function are t = 1 and t = –1. The
domain of this function is all real numbers except
t = 1 and t = –1, or .

Answer:
 Find Domains Algebraically

B. State the domain of the function .

When the denominator of is zero, the expression

is undefined. Solving t 2 – 1 = 0, the excluded values in
the domain of this function are t = 1 and t = –1. The
domain of this function is all real numbers except
t = 1 and t = –1, or .

Answer:
 Find Domains Algebraically

C. State the domain of the function .

This function is defined only when 2x – 3 > 0.

Therefore, the domain of f (x) is
or .

Answer:
 Find Domains Algebraically

C. State the domain of the function .

This function is defined only when 2x – 3 > 0.

Therefore, the domain of f (x) is
or .

Answer: or
State the domain of g (x) = .

A. or [4, ∞)

B. or [–4, 4]

C. or (− , −4]

D.
State the domain of g (x) = .

A. or [4, ∞)

B. or [–4, 4]

C. or (− , −4]

D.
 Evaluate a Piecewise-Defined
Function
A. FINANCE Realtors in a
metropolitan area studied
the average home price per
square foot as a function
of total square footage.
Their evaluation yielded
the following piecewise-
defined function. Find the
average price per square
foot for a home with the
square footage of
1400 square feet.
 Evaluate a Piecewise-Defined
Function
Because 1400 is between 1000 and 2600,
use to find p(1400).

Function for 1000 ≤ a < 2600

Substitute 1400 for a.

Subtract.

= 85 Simplify.
 Evaluate a Piecewise-Defined
Function
According to this model, the average price per square
foot for a home with a square footage of 1400 square
feet is $85.

Answer:
 Evaluate a Piecewise-Defined
Function
According to this model, the average price per square
foot for a home with a square footage of 1400 square
feet is $85.

Answer: $85 per square foot

 Evaluate a Piecewise-Defined
Function
B. FINANCE Realtors in a
metropolitan area studied
the average home price
per square foot as a
function of total square
footage. Their evaluation
yielded the following
piecewise-defined
function. Find the average
price per square foot for a
home with the square
footage of 3200 square
feet.
 Evaluate a Piecewise-Defined
Function
Because 3200 is between 2600 and 4000, use

to find p(3200).
Function for
2600 ≤ a < 4000.

Substitute 3200 for a.

Simplify.
 Evaluate a Piecewise-Defined
Function
According to this model, the average price per square
foot for a home with a square footage of 3200 square
feet is $104.

Answer:
 Evaluate a Piecewise-Defined
Function
According to this model, the average price per square
foot for a home with a square footage of 3200 square
feet is $104.

Answer: $104 per square foot

ENERGY The cost of residential electricity use
can be represented by the following piecewise
function, where k is the number of kilowatts. Find
the cost of electricity for 950 kilowatts.
A. $47.50

B. $48.00

C. $57.50

D. $76.50
ENERGY The cost of residential electricity use
can be represented by the following piecewise
function, where k is the number of kilowatts. Find
the cost of electricity for 950 kilowatts.
A. $47.50

B. $48.00

C. $57.50

D. $76.50