What is a cell?

It is what all living things are made of.

DEFINITION
A cell is the basic unit of any organism or
living thing. This means that it is the smallest
“part” that is able to carry out life processes.
 THE DISCOVERY
OF CELLS:
In 1590, the microscope was invented by Zacharias Janssen
At almost the same time, Galileo invented the telescope!
By 1650, Anton van Leeuwenhoek and other scientists were
using simple microscopes to examine many different materials.

In 1655, Robert Hooke observed dead cork

cells using a very basic
microscope.

Van Leeuwenhoek discovered protozoa in 1674 and bacteria in 1683.

From discoveries like these came the formation of the cell theory.
 THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CELL THEORY:

Cell Theory

The Cell Theory

When Schleiden and Schwann proposed the cell theory in 1838,
cell biology research was forever changed.
The cell theory and three parts and states that:
All life forms are made from one or more cells.
Cells only arise from pre-existing cells.
The cell is the smallest form of life.
Types of Microscopes
 Eyepiece
Body Tube

Coarse Adjustment Knob

Arm
Fine Adjustment Knob
Nosepiece
Objective
Lenses
Stage Clips
Stage
Diaphragm
Illuminator

Base
 THE COMMON HOUSE FLY

Viewing cells and organisms

• Dry Mount
• Wet Mount

http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf/microangela/
 Life Processes
Life processes are characteristics of living things.
These are activities or processes carried out by
the cells of all living things. Whether an organism
is only one cell or made up of many cells, all
living things:
produce organisms of the same kind,
obtain energy from the environment
(the chemical activities involved in this are called
metabolism and include processes such as
respiration and excretion),
move,
grow and develop at some point during their life
spans,
How Big Are Cells?

So what about viruses?

 amoeba

Cell Green algae

Shapes

White blood cell

Red blood cell

Nerve cell
Cell Function

In multicellular
organisms, each
kind of cell does its
own special job.
This is known as
specialization.
 Classification of Organisms based on type of cells

Green algae

Rod-shaped bacteria

Fungus cell

5 Kingdoms of Organisms
with cells that differ in their
Plant cells from a leaf
characteristics:Protists; Fungi; Mouse cells
Monera; Plants; Animals
QUESTION:
How does a cell, especially an organism that is
only made up of a single cell, carry out all of the
activities and the life processes and survive ?

Parts of Cells

ANSWER:
The cells have even smaller parts
called organelles (tiny organs).
   cytoplasm
nucleus
 Golgi  mitochondria
body
 cell wall  vacuoles

 endoplasmic reticulum
 lysosomes
 cell membrane  ribosomes
 Bibliography

http://www.neosoft.com/~uthman/blood_cells.html

http://library.thinkquest.org/3564/

http://megasun.bch.umontreal.ca/protists/protists.html

http://www.plantbio.ohiou.edu/pbc/plasmos/home.htm#contents

http://www.pbrc.hawaii.edu/bemf/microangela/

http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/tutorials/cells/cells2.html

http://www.cellsalive.com/

http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/tutorials/cells/cells3.html

http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/history/hooke.html