SCIENTIFIC METHOD

Is a systematic way of solving a problem and

answering questions about the world around us.
COMPONENTS OF A SCIENTIFIC
METHOD
Making an observation
Asking a question
Formulating a hypothesis

Performing an experiment
Recording and analyzing results

Drawing conclusion

Communicating the results

MAKING AN OBSERVATION
Observation is the process of getting information
about the things around you.
MAKING AN OBSERVATION

SENSES
 MAKING AN OBSERVATION
Observation: The tomato plant that is placed in an area with sunlight has a lot of
fruits. On the other hand, the tomato plant that is placed on a shaded area has
lesser fruits.
ASKING A QUESTION
A problem is a question that you want to solve or
the things you want to discover.
 ASKING A QUESTION
QUESTION/PROBLEM: Why the tomato plant located where there is sunlight
have more fruits than the tomato plant located on a place where there is little
amount of sunlight?
 FORMULATING A HYPOTHESIS
A hypothesis is an educated guess, a tentative answer,
or a potential answer to the question or problem asked.
 FORMULATING A HYPOTHESIS
Variables are the factors or parameters that we controlled, changed,
or measured in an experiment.
 FORMULATING A HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis: If tomato plant is placed in an area where there is enough
sunlight, then it will produce more fruits.
PERFORMING AN EXPERIMENT
An experiment is a series of tests used to verify the
hypothesis.
 PERFORMING AN EXPERIMENT
Variables are the measurable characteristics or parameters that
can be modified or changed in an experiment.

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

CONTROLLED VARIABLE
 PERFORMING AN EXPERIMENT
Hypothesis: If tomato plant is placed in an area where there is enough
sunlight, then it will produce more fruits.
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE:
amount of sunlight
DEPENDENT VARIABLE: number
of fruits that a tomato plant will
produce
CONTROLLED VARIABLE:
amount of water, type of soil, type
of plant, and the size of the pot
PERFORMING AN EXPERIMENT
The experiment should be repeated several times to make sure
that the first result is not just an accident.
RECORDING DATA AND ANALYZING RESULTS
This step is where you will report, interpret, and explain what
happened in your experiment.
RECORDING DATA AND ANALYZING RESULTS
CHARTS AND GRAPHS
DRAWING A CONCLUSION

Conclusion is the summary of the results you gathered in your

experiment.
DRAWING A CONCLUSION
This will give you an answer if your hypothesis is correct
or not.
 DRAWING A CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION: Plants such as tomato plants that are placed in an area with
enough amount of sunlight produce more fruits than those plants placed in less
amount of sunlight.
 DRAWING A CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION: Plants such as tomato plants that are placed in an area with
enough amount of sunlight produce more fruits than those plants placed in less
amount of sunlight.
HYPOTHESIS: If tomato plant is placed in an area where there is enough sunlight,
then it will produce more fruits.
COMMUNICATING THE RESULTS
Informing others about the results of the experiment.
 COMMUNICATING THE RESULTS
Publishing on scientific journals, presenting using a poster, or
presenting at a conference.
Read each question carefully. Choose the
letter of the correct answer.
1. Jack and Joe wanted to do an experiment with magnets.
They listed the things they needed to do the experiment:
magnets, toy cars, and rubber bands. What step of the
scientific method is being described by the situation?
A. data
B. materials
C. procedure
D. hypothesis
2. Jaden, Arthur, and Shen were testing to see which ball, a
basketball or volleyball, would bounce higher. Before they did
the experiment, each of them guessed what they thought
would happen before the experiment. What step of the
scientific method is this?
A. data
B. purpose
C. materials
D. hypothesis
3. Pamela and Paloma wanted to test if sugar or salt
dissolved faster in hot water. In order to do this, they
followed certain steps to complete the experiment.
What part of the scientific method is this called?
A. data
B. results
C. purpose
D. procedure
4. Maine and Richard were testing which balloon rocket
would go the fastest. After they did each test, they
recorded their findings on a chart. These findings are
what part of the scientific method?
A. data
B. materials
C. procedure
D. hypothesis
5. Abigail and Louise were testing which color candle would
burn the fastest with their teacher. They thought the red one
would burn the fastest and made their prediction before
doing the experiment. What part of the scientific method is
this called?
A. data
B. materials
C. hypothesis
D. procedure