Week 3

Gas exchange in
Animals and Plants
 Objectives:

1. Identify and describe the

structure or organs involved in
gas exchange in plants and
animals.
2. Trace the flow of gases into the
body tissues of plants and
animals .
Week 3

Mitigating
Ethnocentris
m
What is Gas exchange?

Gas exchange - is the uptake of

molecular oxygen from the
environment and the release of
carbon dioxide to the environment
and it is often called respiratory
exchange or respiration.
Respiratory
systems
• The respiratory
system is the
network of organs
and tissues that help
you breathe.
1. Nasal cavity
• Lies above the bone that
forms the roof of the mouth
and curves down at the back
to join the throat.

2. Pharynx
• Commonly called the throat
• It contains the passage ways for
food and air
 3. Larynx
• called voice box or Adams apple
• It is located at the upper end of
tranchea and is pprimarily involved in
sound production.

4. Tranchea
• Also called wind pipe
• Is the airways that leads
from the larynx to the
bronchi
 5. Bronchi
• The tranchea is divideed into
two hallow branches ,the
bronchi.

6. Bronchioles
• Are the smaller branches of the
bronchial always in the
respiratory tract.
 7. Alveoli
• Are where the lungs and the blood
exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
during the process of breathing in and
breathing out.

8. Diaphragm
• Located below the lungs ,is the major
muscles or respiration
• Upon inhalation,the diaphragm contracts
and flattens and chest cavity expands.
Four types of Gas exchange in Animals
1.integumentary exchange -refers to general body surface or skin use
by animals with high surface.
2. Gills- are tissues that are like short threads, protein structure called
filament which exchange gases in water invironment
3. Trancheal system- are used by insect and some other invertebrates
in utilizing fire air- conducting tubules to provide gaseous exchange at
the cellular level.
4. Lungs - In mamals the air is warmed and moistered in the nasal
cavity. Air then passes down the pharynx through tranchea and into the
lungs .
Structure and function of gas exchange in plants
1. Waxy cuticle- is a thin layer
stop the epidermis it forms
layer on the upper and lower
surface of the leaf.

2. Upper epidermis - refers to a

single layer of cells on the upper
surface of the leaf, which aids the
water conservation
 3. Lower epidermis- refers to
a single layer of cells on the
lower surface of the leaf with a
large number of stomata and
guard cell.

4. Pallisade Mesophyll- is
composed of closely
packed photosynthesis
cells
5. Spongy mesophyll- is composed of
spherical and lossely packed
photosynthesis cells.

6. Stomata- sites of gaseous

exchange in the leaf ,regulate
water loss.
7. vascular bundle- contains
the xylem and phloem and
distribute of organic
nutrients.

8. Chloroplast- is an organelle
found only in the plant
cells ,allows the plants to go
through photosynthesis..
 Recognizes and respects the diversity of
cultures. Differences in beliefs, values,
and customs are not frowned or scoffed
but rather accepted and celebrated.
 This way, we build bridges to trust,
respect, and understand cultures beyond
our borders
Thank you !!