HUMAN RESPIRATORY

SYSTEM
Consists of various cavities and passages that
allow air to reach the lungs.
 OBJECTIVES
• Describe the three main events in the
process of respiration
• Describe the parts of the respiratory system
and their functions
• Trace the path of an oxygen molecule as it
moves from the air into the alveoli
 RESPIRATION
• Is a gas exchange process by which oxygen is
obtained from the environment and
delivered from the cells, and carbon dioxide
gas is transported and removed from the
body
• Respiration makes possible for organisms to
make use of the nutrients in food with the
release of energy
 3 PROCESS OF
RESPIRATION
• BREATHING – Exchange of air between the
atmosphere and air sacs of the lungs

*Accomplished by inspiration (INHALATION)

• DIFFUSION- Transfer of Oxygen and Carbon
Dioxide across respiratory membranes.

*Involves DIFFUSION of Oxygen

• TRANSPORT OF GASES – Oxygen is carried
into the cells and carbon dioxide is delivered
from the cells to the lungs and out of the
body
 PARTS OF RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM AND ITS
FUNCTIONS
THE NASAL CAVITIES – an internal part of
nose that lies above the bone that forms a
roof of mouth.

*Nostril, Nasal Septum, Mucous

Membrane, Cilia
 THE PHARYNX
• Also called throat
• Passageway that is divided
into two smaller passages
 THE LARYNX
• Commonly known as voice box
• Produced voice through two ligaments

GLOTTIS - space between vocal cords

EPIGLOTTIS- Flap elastic tissue that
cover the top of the lungs
 THE TRACHEA
• Also known as WINDPIPE
• Main passageway of air to
the lungs
 THE BRONCHI
• Main stem of Trachea
• Divided into two parts (RIGHT AND LEFT
Bronchi)
 LUNGS
• Primary organs or respiration
• Covered by a thin tissue (PLEURA)
 THE BRONCHIOLES
• Smallest conducting tubes inside
the lungs.
• No cartilage
 THE ALVEOLI
• Smallest branch of bronchioles lead
to a cluster microscopic, balloon air-like
sacs.
• Thin and moist wall of each alveolus
provides easy passage of gases.
 TO SUMMARIZE
• NASAL CAVITIES – Respiration,
Humidification of inhaled air
• PHARYNX – Pathway of air to lungs and
Pathway of Solid and Liquid Substances to
esophagus
• LARYNX – Responsible for producing sound
• TRACHEA – Main passageway of air to the
lungs
• BRONCHI – ensures that the air from
trachea will transport to lungs
• LUNGS – Main Organ of respiration, Diffuse
the gases
• BRONCHIOLES – Ensure that incoming air
from bronchi will pass through Alveoli
• ALVEOLI – Provides a large surface area for
exchanging gases
 CIRCULATORY AND
RESPIRATORY DISEASES :
PREVENTION AND TREATMENT
 CIRCULATORY DISEASES
• According to the world health organization
(WHO) about 17 million people die due to
circulatory diseases.
 ATHEROSCLEROSIS
• Occurs when the wall of an artery becomes
thicker and less elastic due to build-up of
fatty substances under the inner lining of
the arterial wall.
 HYPERTENSION
• Refers to the chronic elevation of blood
pressure
• “SILENT KILLER”