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Irrigation Structures Irrigation Implements
Irrigation Structures Irrigation Implements
Irrigation Structures Irrigation Implements
REPORT BY
JAY SANTOSH KSHIRSAGAR
Irrigation structures
They help regulate the flow and deliver the correct
amount of water to the different branches of the system
and onward to the irrigated fields. There are four main
types of structures:
erosion control structures,
distribution control structures,
crossing structures and
water measurement structures.
Erosion Control Structures
Any structure, the purpose or effect of which is to control flooding or
erosion from tidal, coastal or navigable waters and includes
breakwaters, bulkheads, groins, jetties, revetments, riprap, seawalls
and the placement of concrete, rocks or other significant barriers to the
flow of flood waters or the movement of sediments along the irrigation.
Distribution Control Structures
To divert water from the field ditch to the field, it is often necessary
to raise the water level in the ditch. Checks are structures placed
across the ditch to block it temporarily and to raise the upstream
water level. Checks can be permanent structures or portable.
D.) Drop structures and chutes
Drop structures or chutes are required to reduce the bottom slope of canals
lying on steeply sloping land in order to avoid high velocity of the flow and
risk of erosion. These structures permit the canal to be constructed as a
series of relatively flat sections, each at different elevation. Drop structures
take the water abruptly from a higher section of the canal to a lower one. In
a chute, the water does not drop freely but is carried through a steep, lined
canal section. Chutes are used where there are big differences in the
elevation of the canal.
Crossing Structures
It is often necessary to carry irrigation water across roads, hillsides and
natural depressions
Pumps commonly used for irrigation fall into the following categories based
on the design of the pump. ... This spinning action moves the water through
the pump by means of centrifugal force.
Submersible Pumps: Submersible pumps are installed completely
underwater, including the motor
B. Drip Irrigation Systems
Drip irrigation is one of the most efficient methods for delivering water to crops with
minimal waste. Currently, it is used on less than 2 percent of irrigated land in the
world but it can reduce water use by 30 to 70 percent. Although it has a high initial
cost, there are a number of advantages including reduction of evaporation, reduction
of water consumed by weeds, and irrigation to an exact root depth of crops.