SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

OF PLANT DISEASES

SUBHAM SARKAR, BATCH-B,

ROLL ID: 22212AGC246, ENROLMENT NO: 457578
PLANT DISEASES CAUSED BY DIFFERENT
PATHOGENS
FUNGI BACTERIA VIRUS

 Downy Mildew  Bacterial  Rice Tungro

Wilt  Barley Yellow
 Clubroot
 Canker Dwarf
 Rust of Wheat  Bacterial  Banana Bunchy
Leaf Top
 Anthracnose Blight  Cucumber
 Late Blight of Solanaceous crops  Brown Mosaic
Spot  Potato Leaf Roll
 Early Blight of Solanaceous crops  Crown-
 Tomato Leaf Curl
Gall
 Powdery Mildew  Papaya Ring Spot
 Mungbean
 Fusarium Wilt
Yellow Mosaic
 Smuts
FUNGAL DISEASES
 DOWNY MILDEW

• Caused by: Perenospora viciae

• Symptoms: Discolored blothches

appear on the leaves; a mold-like
growth specially on lower surface of
leaves also develops on the plants.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

 CLUBROOT OF CRUCIFER

• Caused by: Plasmodiophora

brassicae

• Symptoms: Found in cabbages,

turnips and radishes. The colour of the
leaves changes to bluish-green, and
the roots if pulled out appear clubbed
and are easily broken.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

 RUST OF WHEAT

• Caused by: Puccinia sp.

• Symptoms: Spots of brown, yellow,

red or orange colors are seen. It may
reduce the vigor of the plant.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

 ANTHRACNOSE

• Caused by: Colletotrichum spp.

• Symptoms: Shrunken kind of spots of

different colors are observed on the
fruits, flowers, stems and leaves.
These spots gradually expand and
cause the plant to die.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under
CC BY
 LATE BLIGHT

• Caused by: Phytophthora infestans

• Symptoms: Gray spots and white-

colored molds start appearing on the
leaves as well as the fruits, eventually
killing the whole plant.
 EARLY BLIGHT

• Caused by: Alternaria solani

• Symptoms: It destroys the fruit of the

plant and affects the life as well. The
leaves and fruits turn yellow or brown This Photo by Unknown
Author is licensed under
and then drop off from the plant. CC BY

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

 POWDERY MILDEW OF PEA

• Caused by: Erysiphi pisi

• Symptoms: Whitish powdery growth

on host tissue. It is normally seen on
roses, lilac, English Oak, zinnias.
 FUSARIUM WILT

• Caused by: Fusarium spp.

• Symptoms: Yellowing, stunting and

death of seedlings and yellowing and
stunting of older plants.
 SMUTS

• Caused by: Ustilago nuda tritici

• Symptoms: Blisters develop on the

affected parts of the plant and it gets
discolored as well. The kernels
become huge, they swell up, and the
whole plant and fruit are slowly
destroyed.
BACTERIAL DISEASES

 BACTERIAL WILT

• Caused by: Ralstonia solanacearum

• Symptoms: Vascular tissue of plants

are attacked by the bacteria in wilting
disease. This bacterium grows in the
xylum tissue of plants and affects the
water transport system. The
mechanical blockage of the system
which transports water in plants, lead
to wilting.
 CANKER

• Caused by: Xanthomonas campestris

p.v. citri

• Symptoms: The cankers are

occurrences of dead and cankerous
tissue outgrowth on plants.
 BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT

• Caused by: Xanthomonas oryzae p.v.

oryzae

• Symptoms: Chlorosis of different plant

tissues, flowers, leaves and twigs of the
affected plants produce less amount of
chlorophyll and thereafter browning
takes place. The affected areas of plants
become sunken and appear to be
scorched; the surface of these plants
blackens; cracks are also observed on the
surface. It also can cause death of plants.
 BROWN SPOT

• Caused by: Pseudomonas syringae

p.v. phaseolicola

• Symptoms: Gray spots, cracking of

leaves, brownish yellow leaf borders
etc. A white colored substance oozes
out of the affected plants and spreads
on the surface of fruits.
 CROWN-GALL

• Caused by: Agrobacterium

tumefaciens

• Symptoms: Galls (abnormal

outgrowths) formed at crowns (i.e. the
place where stem and roots intersect)
of the plants like roses, apples,
cherries, raspberries etc.
VIRAL DISEASES

 RICE TUNGRO DISEASE

• Caused by: rice tungro spherical virus

(RTSV) and rice tungro bacilliform
virus (RTBV).

• Vector: Nephotettix virescens

• Symptoms: Stunting, yellowing of

leaves sometimes accompanied by
orange colouration of leaves. Reduced
tillering along with non formation of
panicles or formation of small, sterile
panicles.
 BARLEY YELLOW DWARF
DISEASE

• Caused by: barley yellow dwarf

viruses (BYDV)

• Vector: Sitobion avenae

• Symptoms: Yellowing or reddening of

leaves (on oats and some wheats),
stunting, an upright posture of
thickened stiff leaves, reduced root
growth, delayed (or no) heading, and
a reduction in yield.
 BANANA BUNCHY TOP DISEASE

• Caused by: banana bunchy top nano

virus (BBTV).

• Vector: Pentalonia nigronervosa

• Symptoms: Appearance of green

steaks on veins of leaves, lamina,
midrib and petioles. Plants are stunted,
newly appearing leaves have a
bunched appearance due to extremely
shortened petioles and internodes
giving the disease its name.
 CUCUMBER MOSAIC DISEASE

• Caused by: cucumber mosaic virus

• Vector: Aphis gossypii, Myzus

persicae

• Symptoms: Appearance of alternate

patches of yellow and green tissue
(mottled leaf), leaves are small,
deformed at times curled downward.
Fruits are smaller in size, rough,
mottled and deformed.
 POTATO LEAF ROLL DISEASE

• Caused by: potato leaf roll virus

• Vector: Myzus persicae

• Symptoms: Curling of leaflet margins

inward, forming a trough in which the
midrib is at the bottom.
 TOMATO LEAF CURL DISEASE

• Caused by: tomato leaf curl virus

• Vector: Bemisia tabaci

• Symptoms: Severe stunting of plants

due to shortening of internodes,
downward rolling and crinkling of
leaves.
 PAPAYA RING SPOT DISEASE

• Caused by: papaya ring spot virus

• Vector: Aphis gossypii

• Symptoms: In papaya, leaves develop

prominent mosaic and chlorosis on the
leaf lamina, and water soaked oily streaks
on the petioles and upper part of the
trunk. Severe symptoms often include a
distortion of young leaves which also
result in the development of a shoestring
appearance. Fruits have blotches and ring
spot symptoms.
 MUNGBEAN YELLOW MOSAIC
DISEASE

• Caused by: mungbean yellow mosaic

virus

• Vector: Bemisia tabaci

• Symptoms: Development of patches

of yellow and green tissue known as
yellow mottle and severe symptom is
necrotic mottle, which includes
development of patches of green and
dead brown tissue on plant.
THANK YOU